Optimal timing of speech and language therapy for aphasia after stroke: more evidence needed

References

• Brady MC, Kelly H, Godwin J, Enderby P. Speech and language therapy for aphasia following stroke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012;5:CD000425
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pollock A, St George B, Fenton M, Firkins L. Top 10 research priorities relating to life after stroke–consensus from stroke survivors, caregivers, and health professionals. Int J Stroke 2014;9(3):313-20
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van De Sandt-Koenderman ME, Van Der Meulen I, Ribbers GM. Aphasia rehabilitation: More than treating the language disorder. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2012;93(1 Suppl):S1-3
   Google Scholar
• Quinn TJ, Paolucci S, Sunnerhagen KS, et al. Evidence-based stroke rehabilitation: An expanded guidance document from the European Stroke Organisation (ESO) guidelines for management of ischaemic stroke and transient ischaemic attack 2008. J Rehabil Med 2009;41(2):99-111
   Google Scholar
• Duncan PW, Zorowitz R, Bates B, et al. Management of adult stroke rehabilitation care: A clinical practice guideline. Stroke 2005;36(9):e100-43
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Stroke Foundation. Clinical guidelines for stroke management. 2010. Available from: http://strokefoundation.com.au/site/media/clinical_guidelines_stroke_managment_2010_interactive.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Intercollegiate Stroke Working Party. National clinical guideline for stroke. 4th edition. 2012. Available from: https://www.rcplondon.ac.uk/sites/default/files/national-clinical-guidelines-for-stroke-fourth-edition.pdf
   Google Scholar
• The Management of Stroke Rehabilitation Working Group. Va/dod clinical practise guideline for the management of stroke rehabilitation. 2010. Available from: http://www.healthquality.va.gov/guidelines/Rehab/stroke/stroke_full_221.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Rohde A, Worrall L, Le Dorze G. Systematic review of the quality of clinical guidelines for aphasia in stroke management. J Eval Clin Pract 2013;19(6):994-1003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Teasell R, Bitensky J, Salter K, Bayona NA. The role of timing and intensity of rehabilitation therapies. Top Stroke Rehabil 2005;12(3):46-57
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Langhorne P, Bernhardt J, Kwakkel G. Stroke rehabilitation. Lancet 2011;377(9778):1693-702
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Teasell R, Foley N, Hussein N, Speechley M. Evidence based review of stroke rehabilitation: The elements of stroke rehabilitation. 16th edition. 2013. 54. Available from: http://www.ebrsr.com/evidence-review/6-elements-stroke-rehabilitation
   Google Scholar
• Horn SD, Dejong G, Smout RJ, et al. Stroke rehabilitation patients, practice, and outcomes: Is earlier and more aggressive therapy better? Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2005;86(12 Suppl 2):S101-14
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bowen A, Hesketh A, Patchick E, et al. Effectiveness of enhanced communication therapy in the first four months after stroke for aphasia and dysarthria: A randomised controlled trial. BMJ 2012;345:e4407
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bakheit AM, Shaw S, Barrett L, et al. A prospective, randomized, parallel group, controlled study of the effect of intensity of speech and language therapy on early recovery from poststroke aphasia. Clin Rehabil 2007;21(10):885-94
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salter K, Teasell R, Bhogal S, et al. Evidence-based review of stroke rehabilitation: Aphasia. 15th edition. 2013. Available from: http://www.ebrsr.com/evidence-review/14-aphasia
   Google Scholar
• Laska AC, Kahan T, Hellblom A, et al. Design and methods of a randomized controlled trial on early speech and language therapy in patients with acute stroke and aphasia. Top Stroke Rehabil 2008;15(3):256-61
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laska AC, Kahan T, Hellblom A, et al. A randomized controlled trial on very early speech and language therapy in acute stroke patients with aphasia. Cerebrovasc Dis Extra 2011;1(1):66-74
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Godecke E, Rai T, Ciccone N, et al. Amount of therapy matters in very early aphasia rehabilitation after stroke: A clinical prognostic model. Semin Speech Lang 2013;34(3):129-41
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berthier ML, Garcia-Casares N, Walsh SF, et al. Recovery from post-stroke aphasia: Lessons from brain imaging and implications for rehabilitation and biological treatments. Discov Med 2011;12(65):275-89
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saur D, Lange R, Baumgaertner A, et al. Dynamics of language reorganization after stroke. Brain 2006;129(Pt 6):1371-84
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saur D, Hartwigsen G. Neurobiology of language recovery after stroke: Lessons from neuroimaging studies. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2012;93(1 Suppl):S15-25
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crinion JT, Leff AP. Recovery and treatment of aphasia after stroke: Functional imaging studies. Curr Opin Neurol 2007;20(6):667-73
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Code C. Multifactorial processes in recovery from aphasia: Developing the foundations for a multileveled framework. Brain Lang 2001;77(1):25-44
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kreisel SH, Bazner H, Hennerici MG. Pathophysiology of stroke rehabilitation: Temporal aspects of neuro-functional recovery. Cerebrovasc Dis 2006;21(1-2):6-17
   Google Scholar
• Van Der Meulen I, Van De Sandt-Koenderman WM, Heijenbrok-Kal MH, et al. The efficacy and timing of melodic intonation therapy in subacute aphasia. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2014;28(6):536-44
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marsh EB, Hillis AE. Recovery from aphasia following brain injury: The role of reorganization. Prog Brain Res 2006;157:143-56
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lazar RM, Antoniello D. Variability in recovery from aphasia. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2008;8(6):497-502
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• El Hachioui H, Lingsma HF, Van De Sandt-Koenderman ME, et al. Recovery of aphasia after stroke: A 1-year follow-up study. J Neurol 2013;260(1):166-71
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nouwens F, De Jong-Hagelstein M, De Lau LML, et al. Severity of aphasia and recovery after treatment in patients with stroke. Aphasiology 2014;1-10
   Google Scholar
• Robey RR. A meta-analysis of clinical outcomes in the treatment of aphasia. J Speech Lang Hear Res 1998;41(1):172-87
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rapp B, Caplan D, Edwards S, et al. Neuroimaging in aphasia treatment research: Issues of experimental design for relating cognitive to neural changes. Neuroimage 2013;73:200-7
   Google Scholar
• Kreisel SH, Hennerici MG, Bazner H. Pathophysiology of stroke rehabilitation: The natural course of clinical recovery, use-dependent plasticity and rehabilitative outcome. Cerebrovasc Dis 2007;23(4):243-55
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hillis AE. Pharmacological, surgical, and neurovascular interventions to augment acute aphasia recovery. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2007;86(6):426-34
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jarso S, Li M, Faria A, et al. Distinct mechanisms and timing of language recovery after stroke. Cogn Neuropsychol 2013;30(7-8):454-75
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geranmayeh F, Brownsett SL, Wise RJ. Task-induced brain activity in aphasic stroke patients: What is driving recovery? Brain 2014;137(Pt 10):2632-48
   Google Scholar
• Hamilton RH, Chrysikou EG, Coslett B. Mechanisms of aphasia recovery after stroke and the role of noninvasive brain stimulation. Brain Lang 2011;118(1-2):40-50
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murphy TH, Corbett D. Plasticity during stroke recovery: From synapse to behaviour. Nat Rev Neurosci 2009;10(12):861-72
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pulvermuller F, Berthier ML. Aphasia therapy on a neuroscience basis. Aphasiology 2008;22(6):563-99
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Menke R, Meinzer M, Kugel H, et al. Imaging short- and long-term training success in chronic aphasia. BMC Neurosci 2009;10:118
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kerr AL, Cheng SY, Jones TA. Experience-dependent neural plasticity in the adult damaged brain. J Commun Disord 2011;44(5):538-48
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Varley R. Rethinking aphasia therapy: A neuroscience perspective. Int J Speech Lang Pathol 2011;13(1):11-20
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Jong-Hagelstein M, Van De Sandt-Koenderman WM, Prins ND, et al. Efficacy of early cognitive-linguistic treatment and communicative treatment in aphasia after stroke: A randomised controlled trial (rats-2). J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2011;82(4):399-404
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meinzer M, Rodriguez AD, Gonzalez Rothi LJ. First decade of research on constrained-induced treatment approaches for aphasia rehabilitation. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2012;93(1 Suppl):S35-45
   Google Scholar
• Rose ML. Releasing the constraints on aphasia therapy: The positive impact of gesture and multimodality treatments. Am J Speech Lang Pathol 2013;22(2):S227-39
   Google Scholar
• Elman RJ, Bernstein-Ellis E. The efficacy of group communication treatment in adults with chronic aphasia. J Speech Lang Hear Res 1999;42(2):411-19
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeiler SR, Krakauer JW. The interaction between training and plasticity in the poststroke brain. Curr Opin Neurol 2013;26(6):609-16
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bains AS, Schweighofer N. Time-sensitive reorganization of the somatosensory cortex poststroke depends on interaction between Hebbian and homeoplasticity: A simulation study. J Neurophysiol 2014;112(12):3240-50
   Google Scholar
• Berthier ML, Pulvermuller F. Neuroscience insights improve neurorehabilitation of poststroke aphasia. Nat Rev Neurol 2011;7(2):86-97
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gardner H, Zurif EB, Berry T, Baker E. Visual communication in aphasia. Neuropsychologia 1976;14(3):275-92
   Google Scholar
• Hurkmans J, De Bruijn M, Boonstra AM, et al. Music in the treatment of neurological language and speech disorders: A systematic review. Aphasiology 2011;26(1):1-19
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thompson CK, Den Ouden DB. Neuroimaging and recovery of language in aphasia. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2008;8(6):475-83
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Hees S, Mcmahon K, Angwin A, et al. A functional MRI study of the relationship between naming treatment outcomes and resting state functional connectivity in post-stroke aphasia. Hum Brain Mapp 2014;35(8):3919-31
   Google Scholar
• Poeppel D, Emmorey K, Hickok G, Pylkkanen L. Towards a new neurobiology of language. J Neurosci 2012;32(41):14125-31
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moss A, Nicholas M. Language rehabilitation in chronic aphasia and time postonset: A review of single-subject data. Stroke 2006;37(12):3043-51
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Godecke E, Hird K, Lalor EE, et al. Very early poststroke aphasia therapy: A pilot randomized controlled efficacy trial. Int J Stroke 2012;7(8):635-44
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Godecke E, Ciccone NA, Granger AS, et al. A comparison of aphasia therapy outcomes before and after a very early rehabilitation programme following stroke. Int J Lang Commun Disord 2014;49(2):149-61
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mattioli F, Ambrosi C, Mascaro L, et al. Early aphasia rehabilitation is associated with functional reactivation of the left inferior frontal gyrus: A pilot study. Stroke 2014;45(2):545-52
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blomert L, Kean ML, Koster C, Schokker J. Amsterdam-Nijmegen everyday language test - construction, reliability and validity. Aphasiology 1994;8(4):381-407
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Debow SB, Mckenna JE, Kolb B, Colbourne F. Immediate constraint-induced movement therapy causes local hyperthermia that exacerbates cerebral cortical injury in rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2004;82(4):231-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Risedal A, Zeng J, Johansson BB. Early training may exacerbate brain damage after focal brain ischemia in the rat. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 1999;19(9):997-1003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krakauer JW, Carmichael ST, Corbett D, Wittenberg GF. Getting neurorehabilitation right: What can be learned from animal models? Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2012;26(8):923-31
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buma F, Kwakkel G, Ramsey N. Understanding upper limb recovery after stroke. Restor Neurol Neurosci 2013;31(6):707-22
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biernaskie J, Chernenko G, Corbett D. Efficacy of rehabilitative experience declines with time after focal ischemic brain injury. J Neurosci 2004;24(5):1245-54
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Janssen H, Speare S, Spratt NJ, et al. Exploring the efficacy of constraint in animal models of stroke: Meta-analysis and systematic review of the current evidence. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2013;27(1):3-12
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paolucci S, Antonucci G, Grasso MG, et al. Early versus delayed inpatient stroke rehabilitation: A matched comparison conducted in Italy. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2000;81(6):695-700
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maulden SA, Gassaway J, Horn SD, et al. Timing of initiation of rehabilitation after stroke. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2005;86(12 Suppl 2):S34-40
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salter K, Jutai J, Hartley M, et al. Impact of early vs delayed admission to rehabilitation on functional outcomes in persons with stroke. J Rehabil Med 2006;38(2):113-17
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolf SL, Thompson PA, Winstein CJ, et al. The excite stroke trial: Comparing early and delayed constraint-induced movement therapy. Stroke 2010;41(10):2309-15
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dromerick AW, Lang CE, Birkenmeier RL, et al. Very early constraint-induced movement during stroke rehabilitation (vectors): A single-center RCT. Neurology 2009;73(3):195-201
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kiran S. What is the nature of poststroke language recovery and reorganization? ISRN Neurol 2012;2012:786872
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Askim T, Indredavik B, Vangberg T, Haberg A. Motor network changes associated with successful motor skill relearning after acute ischemic stroke: A longitudinal functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2009;23(3):295-304
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foley N, Mehta S, Jutai J, et al. Evidence based review of stroke rehabilitation: Upper extremity interventions. 16th edition. 2013. 163. Available from: http://www.ebrsr.com/evidence-review/10-upper-extremity-interventions
   Google Scholar
• Godecke E, Armstrong E, Bernhardt J, et al. Multidisciplinary clinical rehabilitation very early rehabilitation in speech (verse): Progress report on an Australian randomized controlled trial of aphasia therapy after stroke. Int J Stroke 2014;9:223
   Google Scholar
• Nouwens F, Dippel DW, De Jong-Hagelstein M, et al. Rotterdam aphasia therapy study (rats)-3: “The efficacy of intensive cognitive-linguistic therapy in the acute stage of aphasia”; design of a randomised controlled trial. Trials 2013;14:24
   Google Scholar
• Schulz KF, Altman DG, Moher D; For the Consort Group. Consort 2010 statement: Updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials. Trials 2010;11:32
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruiter MB, Kolk HH, Rietveld TC. Speaking in ellipses: The effect of a compensatory style of speech on functional communication in chronic agrammatism. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2010;20(3):423-58
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhogal SK, Teasell R, Speechley M. Intensity of aphasia therapy, impact on recovery. Stroke 2003;34(126495211524-4628):987-93
   Google Scholar
• Bhogal SK, Teasell R, Speechley M. Intensity of aphasia therapy, impact on recovery. Stroke 2003;34(4):987-93
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar