References
- Dworkin RHP, Corbin AEM, Young JPJ et al. Pregabalin for the treatment of posttherpetic neuralgia: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Neurology60, 1274–1283 (2003).
- Sabatowski R, Gálvez R, Cherry DA et al. Pregabalin reduces pain and improves sleep and mood disturbances in patients with postherpetic neuralgia: results of a randomised, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Pain109, 26–35 (2004).
- Rosenstock J, Tuchman M, LaMoreaux L, Sharma U. Pregabalin for the treatment of painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Pain110, 628–638 (2004).
- Richter RW, Portenoy R, Sharma U, Lamoreaux L, Bockbrader H, Knapp LE. Relief of painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy with pregabalin: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. J. Pain6, 253–260 (2005).
- Crofford LJ, Rowbotham MC, Mease PJ et al. Pregabalin for the treatment of fibromyalgia syndrome: results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Arth. Rheumatol.52, 1264–1273 (2005).
- Feltner DE, Crockatt JG, Dubovsky SJ et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, fixed-dose, multicenter study of pregabalin in patients with generalized anxiety disorder. J. Clin. Psychopharmacol.23, 240–249 (2003).
- Pande AC, Feltner DE, Jefferson JW et al. Efficacy of the novel anxiolytic pregabalin in social anxiety disorder a placebo-controlled, multicenter study. J. Clin. Psychopharmacol.24, 141–149 (2004).
- Pohl RB, Feltner DE, Fieve RR, Pande AC. Efficacy of pregabalin in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder double-blind, placebo-controlled comparison of BID versus TID dosing. J. Clin. Psychopharmacol.25, 151–158 (2005).
- Kwan P, Brodie M. Effectiveness of first antiepileptic drug. Epilepsia42(10), 1255–1260 (2001).
- Kwan P, Brodie M. Early identification of refractory epilepsy. N. Engl. J. Med.342, 314–319 (2000).
- Ben-Menachem E. Pregbalin pharmacology and its relevance to clinical practice. Epilepsia45(Suppl. 6), 13–18 (2004).
- Yuen PW, Kanter GD, Taylor CP, Vartanian MG. Enantioselective synthesis of PD144723: a potent stereospecific anticonvulsant. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.4, 823–826 (2003).
- Taylor CP, Angelotti T, Fauman E. Pharmacology and mechanism of action of pregabalin: The calcium channel α2-δ (α2-δ) subunit as a target for antiepileptic drug discovery. Epilepsy Res.73, 137–150 (2007).
- Silverman RB, Andruszkiewicz R, Nanavati SM, Taylor CP, Vartanian MG. G. 3-Alkyl-4-aminobutyric acids: the first class of anticonvulsant agents that activates L-glutamic acid decarboxylase. J. Med. Chem.34, 2295–2298 (1991).
- Errante LD, Petroff OAC. Acute effects of gabapentin and pregabalin on rat forebrain cellular GABA, glutamate, and glutamine concentrations. Seizure12, 300–306 (2003).
- Bialer M, Johannessen SI, Kupferberg HJ, Levy RH, Loiseau P, Perucca E. Progress report on new antiepileptic drugs: a summary of the Sixth Eilat Conference (EILAT VI). Epilepsy Res.51(1–2), 31–71 (2002).
- Gee NS, Brown JP, Dissanayake VU, Offord J, Thurlow R, Woodruff GN. The novel anticonvulsant drug, gabapentin (Neurontin), binds to the α2δ subunit of a calcium channel. J. Biol. Chem.271, 5768–5776 (1996).
- Sills JG. The mechanisms of action of gabapentin and pregabalin. Curr. Opin. Pharmacol.6, 108–113 (2006).
- Millan MJ. The neurobiology and control of anxious states. Prog. Neurobiol.70, 83–244 (2003).
- Dooley DJ, Donovan CM, Pugsley TA. Stimulus-dependent modulation of [3H]norepinephrine release from rat neocortical slices by gabapentin and pregabalin. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.295, 1086–1093 (2000).
- Maneuf YP, Hughes J, McKnight AT. Gabapentin inhibits the substance P-facilitated K+-evoked release of [3H]glutamate from rat caudal trigeminal nucleus slices. Pain93, 191–196 (2001).
- Fink K, Dooley DJ, Meder WP et al. Inhibition of neuronal Ca2+ influx by gabapentin and pregabalin in the human neocortex. Neuropharmacology42, 229–236 (2002).
- Stahl SM. Mechanism of action of α2δ ligands: voltage sensitive calcium channel (VSCC) modulators. J. Clin. Psychiatry65(8), 1033–1034 (2004).
- Cunningham MO, Woodhall GL, Thompson SE, Dooley DJ, Jones RSG. Dual effects of gabapentin and pregabalin on glutamate release at rat entorhinal synapses in vitro.Eur. J. Neurosci.20, 1566–1576 (2004).
- Coderre, TJ, Kumar N, Lefebvre CD, Yu JSC. Evidence that gabapentin reduces neuropathic pain by inhibiting the spinal release of glutamate. J. Neurochem.94, 1131–1139 (2005).
- Fehrenbacher JC, Taylor CP, Vasko MR. Pregabalin and gabapentin reduce release of substance P and CGRP from rat spinal tissues only after inflammation or activation of protein kinase C. Pain105, 133–144 (2003).
- Bian F, Li Z, Offord JD et al. Calcium channel α2–δ Type 1 subunit is the major binding protein for pregabalin in neocortex, hippocampus, amygdala, and spinal cord: an ex vivo autoradiographic study in α2-δ Type 1 genetically modified mice. Brain Res.1075, 68–80 (2006).
- Field MJ, Cox PJ, Stott E et al. Identification of the α2-δ-1 subunit of voltage dependent calcium channels as a novel molecular target for pain mediating the analgesic actions of pregabalin. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA103, 17537–17542 (2006).
- Lang N, Sueske E, Hasan A, Paulus W, Tergau F. Pregabalin exerts oppositional effects on different inhibitory circuits in human motor cortex: a double-blind, placebo-controlled transcranial magnetic stimulation study. Epilepsia47(5), 813–819 (2006).
- Huang CW, Huang CC, Wu SN. The opening effect of pregabalin on ATP-sensitive potassium channels in differentiated hippocampal neuron-derived H19-7 cells. Epilepsia47(4), 720–726 (2006).
- Su TZ, Feng MR, Weber ML. Mediation of highly concentrative uptake of pregabalin by L-type amino acid transport in Chinese hamster ovary and Caco-2 cells. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.313, 1406–1415 (2005).
- Stewart BH, Kugler AR, Thompson PR, Bockbrader HN. A saturable transport mechanism in the intestinal absorption of gabapentin is the underlying cause of the lack of proportionality between increasing dose and drug levels in plasma. Pharm. Res.10, 276–281 (1993).
- Radulovic LL, Taylor CP, Walker RM. The preclinical pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and toxicology of gabapentin. Med. Actual.31, 597–611(1995).
- Bockbrader HN, Hunt T, Strand JC, Posvar EL, Sedman A. Pregabalin pharmacokinetics and safety in healthy volunteers: results from two Phase 1 studies. Neurology54(Suppl. 3), A421 (2000).
- Kugler AR, Robbins JL, Strand JC et al. Pregabalin overview: a novel CNS-active compound with anticonvulsant activity. Poster presented at: The Annual Meeting of the American Epilepsy Society, Seattle, WA, USA, 6–11 December 2002.
- Berry D, Millington C. Analysis of pregabalin at therapeutic concentrations in human plasma/serum by reversed-phase HPLC. Ther. Drug Monit.27, 451–456 (2005).
- Brodie MJ, Wilson EA, Wesche DL et al. Pregabalin drug interaction studies: lack of effect on the pharmacokinetics of carbamazepine, phenytoin, lamotrigine, and valproate in patients with partial epilepsy. Epilepsia46(9), 1407–1413 (2005).
- Randinitis EJ, Posvar EL, Alvey CW, Sedman AJ, Cook JA, Bockbrader HN. Pharmacokinetics of pregabalin in subjects with various degrees of renal function. J. Clin. Pharmacol.43, 277–283 (2003).
- Corrigan BW, Pool WF, Posvar EL. Metabolic disposition of pregabalin in healthy volunteers [abstract no. PI-68]. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther.69, P18 (2001).
- Loescher W, Schmidt D. Which animal models should be used in the search for new antiepileptic drugs? A proposal based on experimental and clinical considerations. Epilepsy Res.2, 145–181 (1988).
- Vartanian MG, Radulovic LL, Kinsora JJ et al. Activity profile of pregabalin in rodent models of epilepsy and ataxia. Epilepsy Res.68, 189–205 (2006).
- Andre VV, Rigoulot MA, Koning E, Ferrandon A, Nehlig A. Long-term pregabalin treatment protects basal cortices and delays the occurrence of spontaneous seizures in the lithium-pilocarpine model in the rat. Epilepsia44, 893–903 (2003).
- French JA, Kugler AR, Robbins JL, Knapp LE, Garofalo EA. Dose–response trial of pregabalin adjunctive therapy in patients with partial seizures. Neurology60, 1631–1637(2003).
- Arroyo S, Anhut H, Kugler AR et al. Pregabalin add-on treatment: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose–response study in adults with partial seizures. Epilepsia45, 20–27 (2004).
- Beydoun A, Uthman BM, Kugler AR et al. Safety and efficacy of two pregabalin regimens for add-on treatment of partial epilepsy. Neurology64, 475–480 (2005).
- Elger CE, Brodie MJ, Anhut H, Lee CM, Barrett JA. Pregabalin add-on treatment in patients with partial seizures: a novel evaluation of flexible-dose and fixed-dose treatment in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Epilepsia46(12), 1926–1936 (2005).
- Carreño M, Maestro I, Molins A et al. Pregabalin as add-on therapy for refractory partial seizures in every day clinical practice. Seizure16(8), 709–712 (2007).
- Sirven JI, Fife TD, Wingerchuk DM, Drazkowski JF. Second-generation antiepileptic drugs’ impact on balance: a meta-analysis. Mayo Clin. Proc.82(1), 40–47 (2007).
- Ortinski P, Kimford JM. Cognitive side effects of antiepileptic drugs. Epilepsy Behav.5, 60–65 (2004).
- Ciesielski AS, Samson S, Steinhoff BJ. Neuropsychological and psychiatric impact of add-on titration of pregabalin versus levetiracetam: a comparative short-term study. Epilepsy Behav.9(3), 424–431 (2006).
- Huppertz HJ, Feuerstein TJ, Schulze-Bonhage A. Myoclonus in epilepsy patients with anticonvulsive add-on therapy with pregabalin. Epilepsia42(6), 790–792 (2001).
- Heckmann JG, Ulrich K, Dütsch M, Neundörfer B. Pregabalin associated asterixis. Am. J. Phys. Med. Rehabil.84(9), 724 (2005).
- Hitiris N, Barrett JA, Brodie MJ. Erectile dysfunction associated with pregabalin add-on treatment in patients with partial seizures: five case reports. Epilepsy Behav.8, 418–421(2006).
- Cramer JA, Ben Menachem E, French J. Review of treatment options for refractory epilepsy: new medications and vagal nerve stimulation. Epilepsy Res.47, 17–25 (2001).
- Otoul C, Arrigo C, van Rijckevorsel K, French JA. Meta-analysis and indirect comparisons of levetiracetam with other second-generation antiepileptic drugs in partial epilepsy. Clin. Neuropharmacol.28(2), 72–78 (2005).
- Gazzola DM, Balcer LJ, French JA. Seizure-free outcome in randomized add-on trials of the new antiepileptic drugs. Epilepsia48(7), 1303–1307 (2007).