Oral contraceptives in migraine

References

• Baillargeon JP, McClish DK, Essah PA, Nestler JE. Association between the current use of low-dose oral contraceptives and cardiovascular arterial disease: a meta-analysis. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.90(7), 3863–3870 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burkman RT, Collins JA, Shulman LP, Williams JK. Current perspectives on oral contraceptive use. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol.185, S4–S12 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loder EW, Buse DC, Golub JR. Headache as a side effect of combination estrogen–progestin oral contraceptives: a systematic review. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol.193, 636–649 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mueller L. Predictability of exogenous hormone effect in subgroups of migraineurs. Headache40, 189–193 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacGregor EA, Igarashi H, Wilkinson M. Headaches and hormones: subjective versus objective assessment. Headache Q.8, 126–136 (1997).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cupini LM, Matteis M, Troisi E, Calabresi P, Bernardi G, Silvestrini M. Sex-hormone-related events in migrainous females. A clinical comparative study between migraine with aura and migraine without aura. Cephalalgia15, 140–144 (1995).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Granella F, Sances G, Zanferrari C, Costa A, Martignoni GC. Migraine without aura and reproductive life events: a clinical epidemiological study in 1300 women. Headache33, 385–389 (1993).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Headache Classification Subcommittee of the International Headache Society (IHS). The International Classification of Headache Disorders (2nd edition). Cephalalgia24(Suppl. 1), 1–151 (2004).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Massiou H, MacGregor EA. Evolution and treatment of migraine with oral contraceptives. Cephalalgia20, 170–174 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Allais G, Bussone G, Airola G et al. Oral contraceptive-induced menstrual migraine. Clinical aspects and response to frovatriptan. Neurol. Sci.29(Suppl. 1), S186–S190 (2008).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Granella F, Sances G, Pucci E, Nappi RE, Ghiotto N, Nappi G. Migraine with aura and reproductive life events: a case control study. Cephalalgia20(8), 701–707 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fotherby K. Clinical experience and pharmacological effects of an oral contraceptive containing 20 micrograms oestrogen. Contraception46, 477–488 (1992).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gerais AS, Rushwan H. A crossover pill study among Sudanese women. Int. J. Gynaecol. Obstet.23, 229–233 (1985).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Edelman DA, Kothenbeutel R, Levinski MJ, Kelly SE. Comparative trials of low-dose combined oral contraceptives. J. Reprod. Med.28, 195–200 (1983).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sulak PJ, Scow RD, Preece C, Riggs MW, Kuehl TJ. Hormone withdrawal symptoms in oral contraceptive users. Obstet. Gynecol.95, 261–266 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gillum LA, Mamidipudi SK, Johnston SC. Ischemic stroke risk with oral contraceptives: A meta-analysis. JAMA284(1), 72–78 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chan WS, Ray J, Wai EK et al. Risk of stroke in women exposed to low-dose oral contraceptives: a critical evaluation of the evidence. Arch. Intern. Med.164(7), 741–747 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• International Headache Society Task Force on Combined Oral Contraceptives & Hormone Replacement Therapy. Recommendations on the risk of ischemic stroke associated with use of combined oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy in women with migraine. Cephalalgia20, 155–156 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. Family and Reproductive Health Programme. Improving access to quality care in family planning: medical eligibility criteria for contraceptive use (3rd edition.). World Health Organization. Geneva, Switzerland (2004).
   Google Scholar
• ACOG Committee on Practice Bulletins-Gynecology. ACOG practice bulletin. No73: Use of hormonal contraception in women with coexisting medical conditions. Obstet. Gynecol.107, 1453–1472 (2006).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pezzini A, Del Zotto E, Magoni M et al. Inherited thrombophilic disorders in young adults with ischemic stroke and patent foramen ovale. Stroke34(1), 28–33 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karttunen V, Hiltunen L, Rasi V, Vahtera E, Hillbom M. Factor V Leiden and prothrombin gene mutation may predispose to paradoxical embolism in subjects with patent foramen ovale. Blood Coagul. Fibrinolysis14(3), 261–268 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Voetsch B, Damasceno BP, Camargo EC et al. Inherited thrombophilia as a risk factor for the development of ischemic stroke in young adults. Thromb. Haemost.83(2), 229–233 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Longstreth WT Jr, Rosendaal FR, Siscovick DS et al. Risk of stroke in young women and two prothrombotic mutations: factor V Leiden and prothrombin gene variant (G20210A). Stroke29(3), 577–580 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Slooter AJ, Rosendaal FR, Tanis BC, Kemmeren JM, van der Graaf Y, Algra A. Prothrombotic conditions, oral contraceptives, and the risk of ischemic stroke. J. Thromb. Haemost.3(6), 1213–1217 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dentali F, Ageno W. Thrombophilic abnormalities, oral contraceptives, and risk of cerebral vein thrombosis: a meta-analysis. Blood107, 2766–2773 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martinelli I, Battaglioli T, Pedotti P, Cattaneo M, Mannucci PM. Hyperhomocysteinemia in cerebral vein thrombosis. Blood102, 1362–1366 (2003).
   Google Scholar
• Collaborative Group for the Study of Stroke in Young Women. Oral contraceptives and stroke in young women: associated risk factors. JAMA231, 718–722 (1975).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henrich JB, Horwitz RI. A controlled study of ischemic stroke risk in migraine patients. J. Clin. Epidemiol.42, 773–780 (1989).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marini C, Carolei A, Roberts RS et al. Focal cerebral ischemia in young adults: a collaborative case-control study. The National Research Council Study Group. Neuroepidemiology12(2), 70–81 (1993).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tzourio C, Tehindrazanarivelo A, Iglésias S et al. Case–control study of migraine and risk of ischaemic stroke in young women. BMJ310(6983), 830–833 (1995).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lidegaard O. Oral contraceptives, pregnancy, and the risk of cerebral thromboembolism: the influence of diabetes, hypertension, migraine, and previous thrombotic disease. Br. J. Obstet. Gynaecol.102, 153–159 (1995).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Carolei A, Marini C, De Matteis G. History of migraine and the risk of cerebral ischaemia in young adults. The Italian National Research Council Study Group on Stroke in the Young. Lancet347, 1503–1506 (1996).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang CL, Donaghy M, Poulter N. Migraine and stroke in young women: case-control study. The World Health Organisation Collaborative Study of Cardiovascular Disease and Steroid Hormone Contraception. BMJ318, 13–18 (1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donaghy M, Chang CL, Poulter N; European Collaborators of The World Health Organization Collaborative Study of Cardiovascular Disease and Steroid Hormone Contraception. Duration, frequency, recency, and type of migraine and the risk of ischaemic stroke in women of childbearing age. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry73(6), 747–750 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwaag S, Nabavi DG, Frese A, Husstedt IW, Evers S. The association between migraine and juvenile stroke: a case–control study. Headache43(2), 90–95 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kruit MC, van Buchem MA, Hofman PA et al. Migraine as a risk factor for subclinical brain lesions. JAMA291(4), 427–434 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nightingale AL, Farmer RD. Ischemic stroke in young women: a nested case–control study using the UK General Practice Research Database. Stroke35(7), 1574–1578 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hall GC, Brown MM, Mo J, MacRae KD. Triptans in migraine: the risks of stroke, cardiovascular disease, and death in practice. Neurology62(4), 563–568 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Velentgas P, Cole JA, Mo J, Sikes CR, Walker AM. Severe vascular events in migraine patients. Headache44(7), 642–651 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stang PE, Carson AP, Rose KM et al. Headache, cerebrovascular symptoms, and stroke: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Neurology64(9), 1573–1577 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kurth T, Slomke MA, Kase CS et al. Migraine, headache, and the risk of stroke in women: a prospective study. Neurology64(6), 1020–1026 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Becker C, Brobert GP, Almqvist PM, Johansson S, Jick SS, Meier CR. Migraine and the risk of stroke, TIA, or death in the UK. Headache47, 1374–1384 (2007).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Etminan M, Takkouche B, Isorna F, Samii A. Risk of ischaemic stroke in people with migraine: systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. BMJ330(7482), 63 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller VM, Duckles SP. Vascular action of estrogens: functional implications. Pharmacol. Rev.60, 210–241 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwartz SM, Petitti DB, Siscovick DS et al. Stroke and use of low-dose oral contraceptives in young women: a pooled analysis of two US studies. Stroke29(11), 2277–2284 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lidegaard Ø, Kreiner S. Contraceptives and cerebral thrombosis: a five-year national case-control study. Contraception65(3), 197–205 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Macgregor EA. Migraine and use of combined hormonal contraceptives: a clinical review. J. Fam. Plann. Reprod. Health Care33(3), 159–169 (2007).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Intiso D, Crociani P, Fogli D et al. Occurrence of factor V Leiden mutation (Arg506Gln) and anticardiolipin antibodies in migraine patients. Neurol. Sci.22(6), 455–458 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D’Amico D, Moschiano F, Leone M et al. Genetic abnormalities of the protein C system: shared risk factors in young adults with migraine with aura and with ischemic stroke? Cephalalgia18(9), 618–621 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corral J, Iniesta JA, González-Conejero R, Lozano ML, Rivera J, Vicente V. Migraine and prothrombotic genetic risk factors. Cephalalgia18(5), 257–260 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kara I, Sazci A, Ergul E, Kaya G, Kilic G. Association of the C677T and A1298C polymorphisms in the 5,10 methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene in patients with migraine risk. Brain. Res. Mol. Brain Res.111(1–2), 84–90 (2003).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Oterino A, Valle N, Bravo Y et al.MTHFR T677 homozygosis influences the presence of aura in migraineurs. Cephalalgia24(6), 491–494 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lea RA, Ovcaric M, Sundholm J, MacMillan J, Griffiths LR. The methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene variant C677T influences susceptibility to migraine with aura. BMC Med.2, 3 (2004).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Boushey CJ, Beresfors SAA, Omenn GS, Motulky AG. A quantitative assessment of plasma homocysteine as a risk factor for vascular disease: probable benefits of increasing folic acid intakes. JAMA274, 1049–1057 (1995).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martinelli I, Battaglioli T, Burgo I, Di Domenico S, Mannucci PM. Oral contraceptive use, thrombophilia and their interaction in young women with ischemic stroke. Haematologica91, 844–847 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moschiano F, D’Amico D, Usai S et al. Homocysteine plasma levels in patients with migraine with aura. Neurol. Sci.29(Suppl. 1), S173–S175 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Overell JR, Bone I, Lees KR. Interatrial septal abnormalities and stroke: a meta-analysis of case–control studies. Neurology55(8), 1172–1179 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anzola GP, Meneghetti G, Zanferrari C et al; SAM Study Group. Is migraine associated with right-to-left shunt a separate disease? Results of the SAM study. Cephalalgia28(4), 360–366 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Botto N, Spadoni I, Giusti S, Ait-Ali L, Sicari R, Andreassi MG. Prothrombotic mutations as risk factors for cryptogenic ischemic cerebrovascular events in young subjects with patent foramen ovale. Stroke38(7), 2070–2073 (2007).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petitti DB, Sidney S, Quesenberry CP, Berstein A. Incidence of stroke and myocardial infarction in women of reproductive age. Stroke28, 280–283 (1997).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Becker W. Use of oral contraceptives in patients with migraine. Neurology53(Suppl. 1), S19–S25 (1999).
   Google Scholar
• Evans W, Becker MD. Migraine and oral contraceptives. Headache46, 328–331 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Allais G, Castagnoli Gabellari I, De Lorenzo C, Mana O, Benedetto C. Menstrual migraine: clinical and therapeutical aspects. Expert. Rev. Neurother.7(9), 1105–1120 (2007).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sulak PJ, Kuehl TJ, Ortiz M, Shull BL. Acceptance of altering the standard 21-day/7-day oral contraceptive regimen to delay menses and reduce hormone withdrawal symptoms. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol.186, 1142–1149 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tietjen GE, Bushnell CD, Herial NA, Utley C, White L, Hafeez F. Endometriosis is associated with prevalence of comorbid conditions in migraine. Headache47(7), 1069–1078 (2007).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar