Use of antibacterial agents in Italian hospitals: a 2004 to 2011 drug utilization survey in the Emilia-Romagna region

References

• Monnet DL, Ferech M, Frimodt-Moller N, et al. The more antibacterial trade names, the more consumption of antibacterials: a European study. Clin Infect Dis 2005;41(1):114-17
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Marra F, Patrick DM, White R, et al. Effect of formulary policy decisions on antimicrobial drug utilization in British Columbia. J Antimicrob Chemother 2005;55(1):95-101
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• MacKenzie FM, Monnet DL, Gould IM. Relationship between the number of different antibiotics used and the total use of antibiotics in European hospitals. J Antimicrob Chemother 2006;58(3):657-60
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Brown NM, Piddock LJ, Dryden MS. European Antibiotic Awareness Day and access to antibiotics. BMJ 2012;345:e7819
   Google Scholar
• ECDC Antimicrobial Resistance and Healthcare-Associated Infections Programme. Antibiotic resistance in Europe: the challenges ahead. Euro Surveill 2009;14:45
   Google Scholar
• de Kraker ME, Davey PG, Grundmann H. Mortality and hospital stay associated with resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteremia: estimating the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. PLoS Med 2011;8(10):e1001104
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goossens H, Ferech M, Vander Stichele R, et al. Outpatient antibiotic use in Europe and association with resistance: a cross-national database study. Lancet 2005;365(9459):579-87
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adriaenssens N, Coenen S, Versporten A, et al. European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Consumption (ESAC): quality appraisal of antibiotic use in Europe. J Antimicrob Chemother 2011;66(Suppl 6):vi71-7
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Italian Health Authority. Drugs use in Italy. 2013. Available from: www.agenziafarmaco.gov.it/sites/default/files/rapporto_osmed2012.pdf [Last accessed 9 September 2013]
   Google Scholar
• Italian Health Authority. Antibiotics? Use them if necessary. 2012. Available from: www.agenziafarmaco.gov.it/it/content/antibiotici-usali-solo-quando-necessario-campagna-web-di-sensibilizzazione-all%E2%80%99-uso-appropri [Last accessed 9 September 2013]
   Google Scholar
• Mazzeo F, Capuano A, Motola G, et al. Antibiotic use in an Italian university hospital. J Chemother 2002;14(4):332-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bassetti M, Di Biagio A, Rebesco B, et al. The effect of formulary restriction in the use of antibiotics in an Italian hospital. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2001;57(6-7):529-34
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Lalla F. Antimicrobial agents rationale and monitoring in an Italian hospital. J Chemother 1996;8(5):342-50
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cangini A FP, Rasi G. Overuse of antibiotics and over expenditure for Italian NHS. PharmacoEconomics 2010;12(3):133-41
   Google Scholar
• Costa E BV, Amadei V, Cassani T. Pharmaceutical prescription in Italian hospitals. 2009. Available from: www.bollettinosifo.it/articoli.php?archivio=yes&vol_id=466&id=5491 [Last accessed 9 September 2013]
   Google Scholar
• Vaccheri A, Silvani MC, Bersaglia L, et al. A 3 year survey on the use of antibacterial agents in five Italian hospitals. J Antimicrob Chemother 2008;61(4):953-8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Emilia-Romagna Health Regional Service. The structures, expenditure, assets as at 31 December 2011. Available from: www.saluter.it/documentazione/rapporti/ssr/ssr_2012.pdf [Last accessed 29 November 2013]
   Google Scholar
• Emilia-Romagna Health Regional Service. The structures, expenditure, assets as at 2004. Available from: www.saluter.it/documentazione/rapporti/ssr/ssr_luglio2005.pdf [Last accessed 29 November 2013]
   Google Scholar
• The state of infection with HIV/AIDS in Emilia-Romagna. Epidemic Update 31 December 2011. Available from: www.saluter.it/documentazione/rapporti/hiv_rer_2013.pdf [Last accessed 29 November 2013]
   Google Scholar
• Emilia-Romagna Health Regional Service. Activities of donation and transplantation of organs, tissues and cells - report 2011. Available from: www.saluter.it/documentazione/rapporti/trapianti_marzo_2012.pdf [Last accessed 29 November]
   Google Scholar
• Dumartin C, L'Heriteau F, Pefau M, et al. Antibiotic use in 530 French hospitals: results from a surveillance network at hospital and ward levels in 2007. J Antimicrob Chemother 2010;65(9):2028-36
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berrington A. Antimicrobial prescribing in hospitals: be careful what you measure. J Antimicrob Chemother 2010;65(1):163-8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Vander Stichele RH, Elseviers MM, Ferech M, et al. Hospital consumption of antibiotics in 15 European countries: results of the ESAC Retrospective Data Collection (1997-2002). J Antimicrob Chemother 2006;58(1):159-67
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kern WV, Steib-Bauert M, With K. Comment on: hospital consumption of antibiotics in 15 European countries: results of the ESAC Retrospective Data Collection (1997-2002). J Antimicrob Chemother 2006;58(4):900-1; author reply 901-902
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kanerva M, Ollgren J, Lyytikainen O. Antimicrobial use in Finnish acute care hospitals: data from national prevalence survey, 2005. J Antimicrob Chemother 2007;60(2):440-4
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jensen US, Skjot-Rasmussen L, Olsen SS, et al. Consequences of increased antibacterial consumption and change in pattern of antibacterial use in Danish hospitals. J Antimicrob Chemother 2009;63(4):812-15
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ansari F, Erntell M, Goossens H, et al. The European surveillance of antimicrobial consumption (ESAC) point-prevalence survey of antibacterial use in 20 European hospitals in 2006. Clin Infect Dis 2009;49(10):1496-504
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pluss-Suard C, Pannatier A, Kronenberg A, et al. Hospital antibiotic consumption in Switzerland: comparison of a multicultural country with Europe. J Hosp Infect 2011;79(2):166-71
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zarb P, Ansari F, Muller A, et al. Drug utilization 75% (DU75%) in 17 European hospitals (2000 - 2005): results from the ESAC-2 hospital care sub project. Curr Clin Pharmacol 2011;6:62-70
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fridkin SK, Gaynes RP. Antimicrobial resistance in intensive care units. Clin Chest Med 1999;20(2):303-16
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Angelis G, Restuccia G, Cauda R, et al. How could we reduce antibiotic use in critically ill patients? Infect Disord Drug Targets 2011;11(4):376-83
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kollef MH, Fraser VJ. Antibiotic resistance in the intensive care unit. Ann Intern Med 2001;134(4):298-314
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de With K, Bergner J, Bühner R, et al. Antibiotic use at German University Hospitals (Project INTERUNI-II). Results for medical intensive care, hematology-oncology, and other medical service areas. Med Klin (Munich) 2004;99(7):347-54
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kern WV, de With K, Steib-Bauert M, et al. Antibiotic use in non-university regional acute care general hospitals in southwestern Germany, 2001-2002. Infection 2005;33(5-6):333-9
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hanberger H, Arman D, Gill H, et al. Surveillance of microbial resistance in European Intensive Care Units: a first report from the Care-ICU programme for improved infection control. Intensive Care Med 2009;35(1):91-100
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amadeo B, Zarb P, Muller A, et al. European Surveillance of Antibiotic Consumption (ESAC) point prevalence survey 2008: paediatric antimicrobial prescribing in 32 hospitals of 21 European countries. J Antimicrob Chemother 2010;65(10):2247-52
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Italian Health Authority. Perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis in adults. 2011. Available from: www.snlg-iss.it/cms/files/LG_AntibioticoP_Unico_2008.pdf [Last accessed 9 September 2013]
   Google Scholar
• Healthcare Improvement Scotland. Antibiotic prophylaxis in surgery 2008. Available from: www.sign.ac.uk/pdf/sign104.pdf [Last accessed 9 September 2013]
   Google Scholar
• Jones RN. Resistance patterns among nosocomial pathogens: trends over the past few years. Chest 2001;119(2 Suppl):397s-404s
   Google Scholar
• Hirsch EB, Tam VH. Detection and treatment options for Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemases (KPCs): an emerging cause of multidrug-resistant infection. J Antimicrob Chemother 2010;65(6):1119-25
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Niederman MS, Mandell LA, Anzueto A, et al. Guidelines for the management of adults with community-acquired pneumonia. Diagnosis, assessment of severity, antimicrobial therapy, and prevention. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001;163(7):1730-54
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mandell LA, Wunderink RG, Anzueto A, et al. Infectious Diseases Society of America/American thoracic society consensus guidelines on the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults. Clin Infect Dis 2007;44:S27-72
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paltansing S, Kraakman ME, Ras JM, et al. Characterization of fluoroquinolone and cephalosporin resistance mechanisms in Enterobacteriaceae isolated in a Dutch teaching hospital reveals the presence of an Escherichia coli ST131 clone with a specific mutation in parE. J Antimicrob Chemother 2013;68(1):40-5
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kanj SS, Kanafani ZA. Current concepts in antimicrobial therapy against resistant gram-negative organisms: extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, and multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Mayo Clin Proc 2011;86(3):250-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woodford N, Johnson AP. Glycopeptide resistance in gram-positive bacteria: from black and white to shades of grey. J Med Microbiol 1994;40(6):375-8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Johnson AP, Woodford N. Glycopeptide-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Antimicrob Chemother 2002;50(5):621-3
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Perl TM. The threat of vancomycin resistance. Am J Med 1999;106(5A):26S-37S. discussion 48S-52S
   Google Scholar
• Bulchandani D, Nachnani J, Fitzsimmons C, et al. Beyond MRSA: the growing menace of hVISA and VISA. South Med J 2008;101(6):663-4
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jacqueline C, Caillon J, Boutoille D. Management of MRSA/GISA, VISA endocarditis. Curr Infect Dis Rep 2013;15(4):329-34
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sanchez Garcia M, De la Torre MA, Morales G, et al. Clinical outbreak of linezolid-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in an intensive care unit. JAMA 2010;303(22):2260-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology. WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology, Guidelines for ATC classification and DDD assignment 2013. Oslo, Norway. Available from: www.whocc.no/filearchive/publications/1_2013guidelines.pdf [Last accessed 9 September 2013]
   Google Scholar
• Morel CM, Mossialos E. Stoking the antibiotic pipeline. BMJ 2010;340:c2115
   PubMedGoogle Scholar