Optimizing antiviral therapy for influenza: understanding the evidence

References

• Molinari NA, Ortega-Sanchez IR, Messonnier ML, et al. The annual impact of seasonal influenza in the US: measuring disease burden and costs. Vaccine 2007;25(27):5086-96
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Estimates of deaths associated with seasonal influenza – United States, 1976-2007. MMWR. Morb Morta Wkly Rep 2010;59(33):1057-62
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zhou H, Thompson WW, Viboud CG, et al. Hospitalizations associated with influenza and respiratory syncytial virus in the United States, 1993-2008. Clin Infect Dis 2012;54(10):1427-36
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mao L, Yang Y, Qiu Y, Yang Y. Annual economic impacts of seasonal influenza on US counties: spatial heterogeneity and patterns. Int J Health Geogr 2012;11:16
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Prevention and control of seasonal influenza with vaccines. Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices–United States, 2013-2014. MMWR Recomm Rep 2013;62(RR-07):1-43
   Google Scholar
• Lu PJ, Santibanez TA, Williams WW, et al. Surveillance of influenza vaccination coverage–United States, 2007-08 through 2011-12 influenza seasons. Morbidity and mortality weekly report. MMWR Surveill Summ 2013;62(4):1-28
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ison MG. Antivirals and resistance: influenza virus. Curr Opin Virol 2011;1(6):563-73
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Colman PM. Influenza virus neuraminidase: structure, antibodies, and inhibitors. Protein Sci 1994;3(10):1687-96
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ishizuka H, Toyama K, Yoshiba S, et al. Intrapulmonary distribution and pharmacokinetics of laninamivir, a neuraminidase inhibitor, after a single inhaled administration of its prodrug, laninamivir octanoate, in healthy volunteers. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2012;56(7):3873-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ishizuka H, Yoshiba S, Okabe H, Yoshihara K. Clinical pharmacokinetics of laninamivir, a novel long-acting neuraminidase inhibitor, after single and multiple inhaled doses of its prodrug, CS-8958, in healthy male volunteers. J Clin Pharmacol 2010;50(11):1319-29
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ishizuka H, Yoshiba S, Yoshihara K, Okabe H. Assessment of the effects of renal impairment on the pharmacokinetic profile of laninamivir, a novel neuraminidase inhibitor, after a single inhaled dose of its Prodrug, CS-8958. J Clin Pharmacol 2011;51(2):243-51
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watanabe A, Chang SC, Kim MJ, et al. Long-acting neuraminidase inhibitor laninamivir octanoate versus oseltamivir for treatment of influenza: a double-blind, randomized, noninferiority clinical trial. Clin Infect Dis 2010;51(10):1167-75
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sugaya N, Ohashi Y. Long-acting neuraminidase inhibitor laninamivir octanoate (CS-8958) versus oseltamivir as treatment for children with influenza virus infection. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2010;54(6):2575-82
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davies BE. Pharmacokinetics of oseltamivir: an oral antiviral for the treatment and prophylaxis of influenza in diverse populations. J Antimicrob Chemother 2010;65(Suppl 2):ii5-ii10
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wattanagoon Y, Stepniewska K, Lindegardh N, et al. Pharmacokinetics of high-dose oseltamivir in healthy volunteers. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2009;53(3):945-52
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fiore AE, Fry A, Shay D, et al. Antiviral agents for the treatment and chemoprophylaxis of influenza – recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR Recomm Rep 2011;60(1):1-24
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Donner B, Niranjan V, Hoffmann G. Safety of oseltamivir in pregnancy: a review of preclinical and clinical data. Drug Saf 2010;33(8):631-42
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cervantes-Gonzalez M, Launay O. Pandemic influenza A (H1N1) in pregnant women: impact of early diagnosis and antiviral treatment. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2010;8(9):981-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) in pregnant women requiring intensive care - New York City, 2009. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2010;59(11):321-6
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Creanga AA, Johnson TF, Graitcer SB, et al. Severity of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus infection in pregnant women. Obstet Gynecol 2010;115(4):717-26
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tanaka T, Nakajima K, Murashima A, et al. Safety of neuraminidase inhibitors against novel influenza A (H1N1) in pregnant and breastfeeding women. CMAJ 2009;181(1-2):55-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yates L, Pierce M, Stephens S, et al. Influenza A/H1N1v in pregnancy: an investigation of the characteristics and management of affected women and the relationship to pregnancy outcomes for mother and infant. Health Technol Assess 2010;14(34):109-82
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Treanor JJ, Hayden FG, Vrooman PS, et al. Efficacy and safety of the oral neuraminidase inhibitor oseltamivir in treating acute influenza: a randomized controlled trial. US Oral Neuraminidase Study Group. JAMA 2000;283(8):1016-24
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barroso L, Treanor J, Gubareva L, Hayden FG. Efficacy and tolerability of the oral neuraminidase inhibitor peramivir in experimental human influenza: randomized, controlled trials for prophylaxis and treatment. Antivir Ther 2005;10(8):901-10
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kohno S, Kida H, Mizuguchi M, et al. Intravenous peramivir for treatment of influenza A and B virus infection in high-risk patients. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2011;55(6):2803-12
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chairat K, Tarning J, White NJ, Lindegardh N. Pharmacokinetic properties of anti-influenza neuraminidase inhibitors. J Clin Pharmacol 2013;53(2):119-39
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whitley RJ, Hayden FG, Reisinger KS, et al. Oral oseltamivir treatment of influenza in children. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2001;20(2):127-33
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chand P, Kotian PL, Dehghani A, et al. Systematic structure-based design and stereoselective synthesis of novel multisubstituted cyclopentane derivatives with potent antiinfluenza activity. J Med Chem 2001;44(25):4379-92
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Babu YS, Chand P, Bantia S, et al. BCX-1812 (RWJ-270201): discovery of a novel, highly potent, orally active, and selective influenza neuraminidase inhibitor through structure-based drug design. J Med Chem 2000;43(19):3482-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prevention CfDCa. Emergency use authorization of peramivir iv: fact sheet for health care providers. 2009
   Google Scholar
• Diggory P, Fernandez C, Humphrey A, et al. Comparison of elderly people’s technique in using two dry powder inhalers to deliver zanamivir: randomised controlled trial. BMJ 2001;322(7286):577-9
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cass LM, Brown J, Pickford M, et al. Pharmacoscintigraphic evaluation of lung deposition of inhaled zanamivir in healthy volunteers. Clin Pharmacokinet 1999;36(Suppl 1):21-31
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cass LM, Efthymiopoulos C, Bye A. Pharmacokinetics of zanamivir after intravenous, oral, inhaled or intranasal administration to healthy volunteers. Clin Pharmacokinet 1999;36(Suppl 1):1-11
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moscona A. Neuraminidase inhibitors for influenza. N Engl J Med 2005;353(13):1363-73
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Makela MJ, Pauksens K, Rostila T, et al. Clinical efficacy and safety of the orally inhaled neuraminidase inhibitor zanamivir in the treatment of influenza: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled European study. J Infect 2000;40(1):42-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kiatboonsri S, Kiatboonsri C, Theerawit P. Fatal respiratory events caused by zanamivir nebulization. Clin Infect Dis 2010;50(4):620
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aoki FY, Macleod MD, Paggiaro P, et al. Early administration of oral oseltamivir increases the benefits of influenza treatment. J Antimicrob Chemother 2003;51(1):123-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fry AM, Goswami D, Nahar K, et al. Efficacy of oseltamivir treatment started within 5 days of symptom onset to reduce influenza illness duration and virus shedding in an urban setting in Bangladesh: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Infect Dis 2014;14(2):109-18
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaiser L, Keene ON, Hammond JM, et al. Impact of zanamivir on antibiotic use for respiratory events following acute influenza in adolescents and adults. Arch Intern Med 2000;160(21):3234-40
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kaiser L, Wat C, Mills T, et al. Impact of oseltamivir treatment on influenza-related lower respiratory tract complications and hospitalizations. Arch Intern Med 2003;163(14):1667-72
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marra F, Chong M, Henry B, et al. Effectiveness of neuraminidase inhibitors in preventing hospitalization during the H1N1 influenza pandemic in British Columbia, Canada. J Antimicrob Chemother 2014;69(5):1397-406
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Madjid M, Curkendall S, Blumentals WA. The influence of oseltamivir treatment on the risk of stroke after influenza infection. Cardiology 2009;113(2):98-107
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Enger C, Nordstrom BL, Thakrar B, et al. Health outcomes among patients receiving oseltamivir. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2004;13(4):227-37
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gums JG, Pelletier EM, Blumentals WA. Oseltamivir and influenza-related complications, hospitalization and healthcare expenditure in healthy adults and children. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2008;9(2):151-61
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumar D, Michaels MG, Morris MI, et al. Outcomes from pandemic influenza A H1N1 infection in recipients of solid-organ transplants: a multicentre cohort study. Lancet Infect Dis 2010;10(8):521-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dunstan HJ, Mill AC, Stephens S, et al. Pregnancy outcome following maternal use of zanamivir or oseltamivir during the 2009 influenza A/H1N1 pandemic: a national prospective surveillance study. BJOG 2014;121(7):901-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee N, Ison MG. Diagnosis, management and outcomes of adults hospitalized with influenza. Antivir Ther 2012;17(1 Pt B):143-57
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adisasmito W, Chan PK, Lee N, et al. Strengthening observational evidence for antiviral effectiveness in influenza A (H5N1). J Infect Dis 2011;204(5):810-11
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gao HN, Lu HZ, Cao B, et al. Clinical findings in 111 cases of influenza A (H7N9) virus infection. N Engl J Med 2013;368(24):2277-85
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muthuri SG, Myles PR, Venkatesan S, et al. Impact of neuraminidase inhibitor treatment on outcomes of public health importance during the 2009-2010 influenza A(H1N1) pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis in hospitalized patients. J Infect Dis 2013;207(4):553-63
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muthuri SG, Venkatesan S, Myles PR, et al. Effectiveness of neuraminidase inhibitors in reducing mortality in patients admitted to hospital with influenza A H1N1pdm09 virus infection: a meta-analysis of individual participant data. Lancet Respir Med 2014;2(5):395-404
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ison MG, Sharma A, Shepard JA, et al. Outcome of influenza infection managed with oseltamivir in lung transplant recipients. J Heart Lung Transplant 2008;27(3):282-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khanna N, Steffen I, Studt JD, et al. Outcome of influenza infections in outpatients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Transpl Infect Dis 2009;11(2):100-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ljungman P, de la Camara R, Perez-Bercoff L, et al. Outcome of pandemic H1N1 infections in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. Haematologica 2011;96(8):1231-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ng BJ, Glanville AR, Snell G, et al. The impact of pandemic influenza A H1N1 2009 on Australian lung transplant recipients. Am J Transplant 2011;11(3):568-74
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Machado CM, Boas LS, Mendes AV, et al. Use of Oseltamivir to control influenza complications after bone marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2004;34(2):111-14
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reid G, Huprikar S, Patel G, et al. A multicenter evaluation of pandemic influenza A/H1N1 in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. Transpl Infect Dis 2013;15(5):487-92
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dubar G, Azria E, Tesniere A, et al. French experience of 2009 A/H1N1v influenza in pregnant women. PLoS One 2010;5:10
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siston AM, Rasmussen SA, Honein MA, et al. Pandemic 2009 influenza A(H1N1) virus illness among pregnant women in the United States. JAMA 2010;303(15):1517-25
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doshi S, Kamimoto L, Finelli L, et al. Description of antiviral treatment among adults hospitalized with influenza before and during the 2009 pandemic: United States, 2005-2009. J Infect Dis 2011;204(12):1848-56
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hansen C, Desai S, Bredfeldt C, et al. A large, population-based study of 2009 pandemic Influenza A virus subtype H1N1 infection diagnosis during pregnancy and outcomes for mothers and neonates. J Infect Dis 2012;206(8):1260-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakai A, Minakami H, Unno N, et al. Characteristics of pregnant Japanese women who required hospitalization for treatment of pandemic (H1N1) 2009–low mortality rate may be due to early antiviral use. J Infect 2011;62(3):232-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nicholson KG, Aoki FY, Osterhaus AD, et al. Efficacy and safety of oseltamivir in treatment of acute influenza: a randomised controlled trial. Neuraminidase Inhibitor Flu Treatment Investigator Group. Lancet 2000;355(9218):1845-50
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooper NJ, Sutton AJ, Abrams KR, et al. Effectiveness of neuraminidase inhibitors in treatment and prevention of influenza A and B: systematic review and meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials. BMJ 2003;326(7401):1235
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Randomised trial of efficacy and safety of inhaled zanamivir in treatment of influenza A and B virus infections. The MIST (Management of Influenza in the Southern Hemisphere Trialists) Study Group. Lancet 1998;352(9144):1877-81
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayden FG, Osterhaus AD, Treanor JJ, et al. Efficacy and safety of the neuraminidase inhibitor zanamivir in the treatment of influenzavirus infections. GG167 Influenza Study Group. N Engl J Med 1997;337(13):874-80
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Monto AS, Webster A, Keene O. Randomized, placebo-controlled studies of inhaled zanamivir in the treatment of influenza A and B: pooled efficacy analysis. J Antimicrob Chemother 1999;44(Suppl B):23-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hedrick JA, Barzilai A, Behre U, et al. Zanamivir for treatment of symptomatic influenza A and B infection in children five to twelve years of age: a randomized controlled trial. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2000;19(5):410-17
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yamashita M. Laninamivir and its prodrug, CS-8958: long-acting neuraminidase inhibitors for the treatment of influenza. Antivir Chem Chemother 2010;21(2):71-84
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ison MG. Clinical use of approved influenza antivirals: therapy and prophylaxis. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2013;7(Suppl 1):7:13
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hata A, Akashi-Ueda R, Takamatsu K, Matsumura T. Safety and efficacy of peramivir for influenza treatment. Drug Des Devel Ther 2014;8:2017-38
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor WR, Thinh BN, Anh GT, et al. Oseltamivir is adequately absorbed following nasogastric administration to adult patients with severe H5N1 influenza. PLoS One 2008;3(10):e3410
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khanna N, Steffen I, Studt JD, et al. Outcome of influenza infections in outpatients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Transpl Infect Dis 2009;11(2):100-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee N, Chan PK, Hui DS, et al. Viral loads and duration of viral shedding in adult patients hospitalized with influenza. J Infect Dis 2009;200(4):492-500
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jain S, Kamimoto L, Bramley AM, et al. Hospitalized patients with 2009 H1N1 influenza in the United States, April-June 2009. N Engl J Med 2009;361(20):1935-44
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee N, Chan PK, Lui GC, et al. Complications and outcomes of pandemic 2009 Influenza A (H1N1) virus infection in hospitalized adults: how do they differ from those in seasonal influenza? J Infect Dis 2011;203(12):1739-47
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee N, Choi KW, Chan PK, et al. Outcomes of adults hospitalised with severe influenza. Thorax 2010;65(6):510-15
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Louie JK, Acosta M, Winter K, et al. Factors associated with death or hospitalization due to pandemic 2009 influenza A(H1N1) infection in California. JAMA 2009;302(17):1896-902
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGeer A, Green KA, Plevneshi A, et al. Antiviral therapy and outcomes of influenza requiring hospitalization in Ontario, Canada. Clin Infect Dis 2007;45(12):1568-75
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dominguez-Cherit G, Lapinsky SE, Macias AE, et al. Critically Ill patients with 2009 influenza A(H1N1) in Mexico. JAMA 2009;302(17):1880-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumar A, Zarychanski R, Pinto R, et al. Critically ill patients with 2009 influenza A(H1N1) infection in Canada. JAMA 2009;302(17):1872-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin-Loeches I, Diaz E, Vidaur L, et al. Pandemic and post-pandemic influenza A (H1N1) infection in critically ill patients. Critical care 2011;15(6):R286
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Louie JK, Yang S, Acosta M, et al. Treatment with neuraminidase inhibitors for critically ill patients with influenza A (H1N1)pdm09. Clin Infect Dis 2012;55(9):1198-204
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee N, Ison MG. Editorial commentary. ‘Late’ treatment with neuraminidase inhibitors for severely ill patients with influenza: better late than never? Clin Infect Dis 2012;55(9):1205-8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Antibiotic Resistance Threats in the United States, 2013. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; 2013
   Google Scholar
• Davies J, Davies D. Origins and evolution of antibiotic resistance. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 2010;74(3):417-33
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Llor C, Bjerrum L. Antimicrobial resistance: risk associated with antibiotic overuse and initiatives to reduce the problem. Ther Adv Drug Saf 2014;5(6):229-41
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Srigley JA, Brooks A, Sung M, et al. Inappropriate use of antibiotics and Clostridium difficile infection. Am J Infect Control 2013;41(11):1116-18
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meijer A, Rebelo-de-Andrade H, Correia V, et al. Global update on the susceptibility of human influenza viruses to neuraminidase inhibitors, 2012-2013. Antiviral Res 2014;110:31-41
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hurt AC, Chotpitayasunondh T, Cox NJ, et al. Antiviral resistance during the 2009 influenza A H1N1 pandemic: public health, laboratory, and clinical perspectives. Lancet Infect Dis 2012;12(3):240-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lackenby A, Hungnes O, Dudman SG, et al. Emergence of resistance to oseltamivir among influenza A(H1N1) viruses in Europe. Euro Surveill 2008;13:5
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ison MG. Editorial commentary: failing our patients by suboptimally treating influenza infections. Clin Infect Dis 2014;59(6):783-6
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Havers F, Thker S, Clippard JR, et al. Use of influenza antiviral agents by ambulatory care clinicians during the 2012-13 influenza season. Clin Infect Dis 2014;59(6):774-82
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harper SA, Bradley JS, Englund JA, et al. Seasonal influenza in adults and children–diagnosis, treatment, chemoprophylaxis, and institutional outbreak management: clinical practice guidelines of the infectious diseases society of America. Clin Infect Dis 2009;48(8):1003-32
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams LO, Kupka NJ, Schmaltz SP, et al. Rapid influenza diagnostic test use and antiviral prescriptions in outpatient settings pre- and post-2009 H1N1 pandemic. J Clin Virol 2014;60(1):27-33
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Skarbinski J, Jain S, Bramley A, et al. Hospitalized patients with 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus infection in the United States–September-October 2009. Clin Infect Dis 2011;52(Suppl 1):S50-9
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Garg S, Chaves SS, Perez A, et al. Reduced influenza antiviral treatment among children and adults hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed influenza infection in the year after the 2009 pandemic. Clin Infect Dis 2012;55(3):e18-21
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Evaluation of rapid influenza diagnostic tests for detection of novel influenza A (H1N1) Virus - United States, 2009. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2009;58(30):826-9
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Van Kerkhove MD, Vandemaele KA, Shinde V, et al. Risk factors for severe outcomes following 2009 influenza A (H1N1) infection: a global pooled analysis. PLoS Med 2011;8(7):e1001053
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar