Emerging nanomedicine opportunities with perfluorocarbon nanoparticles

References

• Winter PM, Caruthers SD, Wickline SA, Lanza GM. Molecular imaging by MRI. Curr. Cardiol. Rep.8(1), 65–69 (2006).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lanza GM, Winter P, Caruthers S et al. Novel paramagnetic contrast agents for molecular imaging and targeted drug delivery. Curr. Pharm. Biotechnol.5(6), 495–507 (2004).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Arbab AS, Liu W, Frank JA. Cellular magnetic resonance imaging: current status and future prospects. Expert Rev. Med. Devices3(4), 427–439 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lanza GM, Winter PM, Caruthers SD et al. Magnetic resonance molecular imaging with nanoparticles. J. Nucl. Cardiol.11(6), 733–743 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weissleder R, Lee AS, Khaw BA, Shen T, Brady TJ. Antimyosin-labeled monocrystalline iron oxide allows detection of myocardial infarct: MR antibody imaging. Radiology182(2), 381–385 (1992).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kanno S, Wu YJ, Lee PC et al. Macrophage accumulation associated with rat cardiac allograft rejection detected by magnetic resonance imaging with ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide particles. Circulation104(8), 934–938 (2001).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ruehm SG, Corot C, Vogt P, Kolb S, Debatin JF. Magnetic resonance imaging of atherosclerotic plaque with ultrasmall superparamagnetic particles of iron oxide in hyperlipidemic rabbits. Circulation103(3), 415–422 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kooi ME, Cappendijk VC, Cleutjens KB et al. Accumulation of ultrasmall superparamagnetic particles of iron oxide in human atherosclerotic plaques can be detected by in vivo magnetic resonance imaging. Circulation107(19), 2453–2458 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kraitchman DL, Heldman AW, Atalar E et al.In vivo magnetic resonance imaging of mesenchymal stem cells in myocardial infarction. Circulation107(18), 2290–2293 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Litovsky S, Madjid M, Zarrabi A et al. Superparamagnetic iron oxide-based method for quantifying recruitment of monocytes to mouse atherosclerotic lesions in vivo: enhancement by tissue necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and interferon-γ. Circulation107(11), 1545–1549 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saleh A, Schroeter M, Jonkmanns C et al.In vivo MRI of brain inflammation in human ischaemic stroke. Brain127(Pt 7), 1670–1677 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu EX, Tang H, Wong KK, Wang J. Mapping cyclic change of regional myocardial blood volume using steady-state susceptibility effect of iron oxide nanoparticles. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging19(1), 50–58 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sipkins DA, Cheresh DA, Kazemi MR et al. Detection of tumor angiogenesis in vivo by αΝβ3-targeted magnetic resonance imaging. Nat. Med.4(5), 623–626 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flacke S, Fischer S, Scott MJ et al. Novel MRI contrast agent for molecular imaging of fibrin: implications for detecting vulnerable plaques. Circulation104(11), 1280–1285 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kobayashi H, Sato N, Hiraga A et al. 3D-micro-MR angiography of mice using macromolecular MR contrast agents with polyamidoamine dendrimer core with reference to their pharmacokinetic properties. Magn. Reson. Med.45(3), 454–460 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sato N, Kobayashi H, Hiraga A et al. Pharmacokinetics and enhancement patterns of macromolecular MR contrast agents with various sizes of polyamidoamine dendrimer cores. Magn. Reson. Med.46(6), 1169–1173 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hood JD, Bednarski M, Frausto R et al. Tumor regression by targeted gene delivery to the neovasculature. Science296(5577), 2404–2407 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lanza GM, Yu X, Winter PM et al. Targeted antiproliferative drug delivery to vascular smooth muscle cells with a magnetic resonance imaging nanoparticle contrast agent: implications for rational therapy of restenosis. Circulation106(22), 2842–2847 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fink C, Kiessling F, Bock M et al. High-resolution three-dimensional MR angiography of rodent tumors: morphologic characterization of intratumoral vasculature. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging18(1), 59–65 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winter PM, Caruthers SD, Kassner A et al. Molecular imaging of angiogenesis in nascent Vx-2 rabbit tumors using a novel α(ν)β3-targeted nanoparticle and 1.5 tesla magnetic resonance imaging. Cancer Res.63(18), 5838–5843 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winter PM, Morawski AM, Caruthers SD et al. Molecular imaging of angiogenesis in early-stage atherosclerosis with α(ν)β3-integrin-targeted nanoparticles. Circulation108(18), 2270–2274 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahrens ET, Flores R, Xu H, Morel PA. In vivo imaging platform for tracking immunotherapeutic cells. Nat. Biotechnol.23(8), 983–987 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winter PM, Neubauer AM, Caruthers SD et al. Endothelial α(v)β3 integrin-targeted fumagillin nanoparticles inhibit angiogenesis in atherosclerosis. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol.26(9), 2103–2109 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lanza GM, Wallace KD, Scott MJ et al. A novel site-targeted ultrasonic contrast agent with broad biomedical application. Circulation94(12), 3334–3340 (1996).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lanza GM, Abendschein DR, Hall CS et al. Molecular imaging of stretch-induced tissue factor expression in carotid arteries with intravascular ultrasound. Invest. Radiol.35(4), 227–234 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lanza GM, Wickline SA. Targeted ultrasonic contrast agents for molecular imaging and therapy. Curr. Probl. Cardiol.28(12), 625–653 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hughes MS, Marsh JN, Hall CS et al. Acoustic characterization in whole blood and plasma of site-targeted nanoparticle ultrasound contrast agent for molecular imaging. J. Acoust. Soc. Am.117(2), 964–972 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wickline SA, Lanza GM. Nanotechnology for molecular imaging and targeted therapy. Circulation107(8), 1092–1095 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wickline SA, Lanza GM. Molecular imaging, targeted therapeutics, and nanoscience. J. Cell. Biochem.39(Suppl.), 90–97 (2002).
   Google Scholar
• Winter PM, Shukla HP, Caruthers SD et al. Molecular imaging of human thrombus with computed tomography. Acad. Radiol.12(Suppl. 1), S9–S13 (2005).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Flaim SF. Pharmacokinetics and side effects of perfluorocarbon-based blood substitutes. Artif. Cells Blood Substit. Immobil. Biotechnol.22(4), 1043–1054 (1994).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mattrey RF. The potential role of perfluorochemicals (PFCs) in diagnostic imaging. Artif. Cells Blood Substit. Immobil. Biotechnol.22(2), 295–313 (1994).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winter PM, Caruthers SD, Yu X et al. Improved molecular imaging contrast agent for detection of human thrombus. Magn. Reson. Med.50(2), 411–416 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winter P, Athey P, Kiefer G et al. Improved paramagnetic chelate for molecular imaging with MRI. J. Magn. Mater.293, 540–545 (2005).
   Google Scholar
• Anderson SA, Rader RK, Westlin WF et al. Magnetic resonance contrast enhancement of neovasculature with α(ν)β (3)-targeted nanoparticles. Magn. Reson. Med.44(3), 433–439 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu X, Song SK, Chen J et al. High-resolution MRI characterization of human thrombus using a novel fibrin-targeted paramagnetic nanoparticle contrast agent. Magn. Reson. Med.44(6), 867–872 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caruthers SD, Winter PM, Wickline SA, Lanza GM. Targeted magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents. Methods Mol. Med.124, 387–400 (2006).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cyrus T, Abendschein DR, Caruthers SD et al. MR three-dimensional molecular imaging of intramural biomarkers with targeted nanoparticles. J. Cardiovasc. Magn. Reson.8(3), 535–541 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wickline SA, Neubauer AM, Winter P, Caruthers S, Lanza G. Applications of nanotechnology to atherosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol.26(3), 435–441 (2006).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schmieder AH, Winter PM, Caruthers SD et al. Molecular MR imaging of melanoma angiogenesis with ανβ3-targeted paramagnetic nanoparticles. Magn. Reson. Med.53(3), 621–627 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guzman LA, Labhasetwar V, Song C et al. Local intraluminal infusion of biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles. A novel approach for prolonged drug delivery after balloon angioplasty. Circulation94(6), 1441–1448 (1996).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kolodgie FD, John M, Khurana C et al. Sustained reduction of in-stent neointimal growth with the use of a novel systemic nanoparticle paclitaxel. Circulation106(10), 1195–1198 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muller RH, Radtke M, Wissing SA. Nanostructured lipid matrices for improved microencapsulation of drugs. Int. J. Pharm.242(1–2), 121–128 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crowder KC, Hughes MS, Marsh JN et al. Sonic activation of molecularly-targeted nanoparticles accelerates transmembrane lipid delivery to cancer cells through contact-mediated mechanisms: implications for enhanced local drug delivery. Ultrasound Med. Biol.31(12), 1693–1700 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris TD, Kalogeropoulos S, Nguyen T et al. Design, synthesis, and evaluation of radiolabeled integrin α ν β 3 receptor antagonists for tumor imaging and radiotherapy. Cancer Biother. Radiopharm.18(4), 627–641 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sadeghi MM, Krassilnikova S, Zhang J et al. Detection of injury-induced vascular remodeling by targeting activated ανβ3 integrin in vivo. Circulation110(1), 84–90 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Brien ER, Garvin MR, Dev R et al. Angiogenesis in human coronary atherosclerotic plaques. Am. J. Pathol.145(4), 883–894 (1994).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gossl M, Rosol M, Malyar NM et al. Functional anatomy and hemodynamic characteristics of vasa vasorum in the walls of porcine coronary arteries. Anat. Rec. A. Discov. Mol. Cell. Evol. Biol.272(2), 526–537 (2003).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Moulton KS. Plaque angiogenesis: its functions and regulation. Cold Spring Harb. Symp. Quant. Biol.67, 471–482 (2002).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tenaglia AN, Peters KG, Sketch MH Jr, Annex BH. Neovascularization in atherectomy specimens from patients with unstable angina: implications for pathogenesis of unstable angina. Am. Heart J. 135(1), 10–14 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khurana R, Zhuang Z, Bhardwaj S et al. Angiogenesis-dependent and independent phases of intimal hyperplasia. Circulation110(16), 2436–2443 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moreno PR, Purushothaman KR, Fuster V et al. Plaque neovascularization is increased in ruptured atherosclerotic lesions of human aorta: implications for plaque vulnerability. Circulation110(14), 2032–2038 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ingber D, Fujita T, Kishimoto S et al. Synthetic analogues of fumagillin that inhibit angiogenesis and suppress tumour growth. Nature348(6301), 555–557 (1990).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moulton KS, Heller E, Konerding MA et al. Angiogenesis inhibitors endostatin or TNP-470 reduce intimal neovascularization and plaque growth in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Circulation99(13), 1726–1732 (1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herbst RS, Madden TL, Tran HT et al. Safety and pharmacokinetic effects of TNP-470, an angiogenesis inhibitor, combined with paclitaxel in patients with solid tumors: evidence for activity in non-small-cell lung cancer. J. Clin. Oncol.20(22), 4440–4447 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Palma M, Naldini L. Role of haematopoietic cells and endothelial progenitors in tumour angiogenesis. Biochem. Biophys. Acta1766(1), 159–166 (2006).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Verhoef C, de Wilt JH, Verheul HM. Angiogenesis inhibitors: perspectives for medical, surgical and radiation oncology. Curr. Pharm. Des. 12(21), 2623–2630 (2006).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cyrus T, Winter PM, Caruthers SD, Wickline SA, Lanza GM. Magnetic resonance nanoparticles for cardiovascular molecular imaging and therapy. Expert Rev. Cardiovasc. Ther.3(4), 705–715 (2005).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Morawski AM, Lanza GA, Wickline SA. Targeted contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound. Curr. Opin. Biotechnol.16(1), 89–92 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morawski AM, Winter PM, Crowder KC et al. Targeted nanoparticles for quantitative imaging of sparse molecular epitopes with MRI. Magn. Reson. Med.51(3), 480–486 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clowes AW, Clowes MM, Fingerle J, Reidy MA. Kinetics of cellular proliferation after arterial injury. V. Role of acute distension in the induction of smooth muscle proliferation. Lab. Invest.60(3), 360–364 (1989).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steffel J, Luscher TF, Tanner FC. Tissue factor in cardiovascular diseases: molecular mechanisms and clinical implications. Circulation113(5), 722–731 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van der Wal AC, Li X, de Boer OJ. Tissue factor expression in the morphologic spectrum of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques. Semin. Thromb. Hemost.32(1), 40–47 (2006).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mekhail TM, Markman M. Paclitaxel in cancer therapy. Expert Opin. Pharmacother.3(6), 755–766 (2002).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bhoday J, de Silva S, Xu Q. The molecular mechanisms of vascular restenosis: which genes are crucial? Curr. Vasc. Pharmacol.4(3), 269–275 (2006).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mitra AK, Agrawal DK. In stent restenosis: bane of the stent era. J. Clin. Pathol.59(3), 232–239 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lutgens E, van Suylen RJ, Faber BC et al. Atherosclerotic plaque rupture: local or systemic process? Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol.23(12), 2123–2130 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lanza GM, Abendschein DR, Hall CS et al.In vivo molecular imaging of stretch-induced tissue factor in carotid arteries with ligand-targeted nanoparticles. J. Am. Soc. Echocardiogr.13(6), 608–614 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morawski AM, Winter PM, Yu X et al. Quantitative “magnetic resonance immunohistochemistry” with ligand-targeted (19)F nanoparticles. Magn. Reson. Med.52(6), 1255–1262 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lanza GM, Winter PM, Neubauer AM et al. (1)H/(19)F magnetic resonance molecular imaging with perfluorocarbon nanoparticles. Curr. Top. Dev. Biol.70, 57–76 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caruthers SD, Neubauer AM, Hockett FD et al.In vitro demonstration using 19F magnetic resonance to augment molecular imaging with paramagnetic perfluorocarbon nanoparticles at 1.5 Tesla. Invest. Radiol.41(3), 305–312 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pereboeva L, Curiel DT. Cellular vehicles for cancer gene therapy: current status and future potential. Bio. Drugs18(6), 361–385 (2004).
   Google Scholar
• Fazel S, Tang GH, Angoulvant D et al. Current status of cellular therapy for ischemic heart disease. Ann. Thorac. Surg.79(6), S2238–S2247 (2005).
   Google Scholar
• Yeh TC, Zhang W, Ildstad ST, Ho C. Intracellular labeling of T-cells with superparamagnetic contrast agents. Magn. Reson. Med.30(5), 617–625 (1993).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahrens ET, Feili-Hariri M, Xu H, Genove G, Morel PA. Receptor-mediated endocytosis of iron-oxide particles provides efficient labeling of dendritic cells for in vivo MR imaging. Magn. Reson. Med.49(6), 1006–1013 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobs RE, Fraser SE. Magnetic resonance microscopy of embryonic cell lineages and movements. Science263(5147), 681–684 (1994).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Modo M, Mellodew K, Cash D et al. Mapping transplanted stem cell migration after a stroke: a serial, in vivo magnetic resonance imaging study. Neuroimage21(1), 311–317 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar