Advances in and the future of treatments for hepatitis C

References

• Chalmers TC, Reynolds WE, Eckhardt RD, et al. Treatment of acute infectious hepatitis in the Armed Forces; advantages of ad lib. bed rest and early reconditioning. J Am Med Assoc 1955;159(15):1431-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huber TE, Wiley AT. Cortisone in the treatment of infectious hepatitis. Ann Intern Med 1955;42(5):1011-25
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pappas SC, Hoofnagle JH, Young N, et al. Treatment of chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis with acyclovir: pilot study. J Med Virol 1985;15(1):1-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greenberg HB, Pollard RB, Lutwick LI, et al. Effect of human leukocyte interferon on hepatitis B virus infection in patients with chronic active hepatitis. N Engl J Med 1976;295(10):517-22
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomas DL, Seeff LB. Natural history of hepatitis C. Clin Liver Dis 2005;9(3):383-98; vi
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hoofnagle JH, Mullen KD, Jones DB, et al. Treatment of chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis with recombinant human alpha interferon. A preliminary report. N Engl J Med 1986;315(25):1575-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis GL, Balart LA, Schiff ER, et al. Treatment of chronic hepatitis C with recombinant interferon alfa. A multicenter randomized, controlled trial. Hepatitis Interventional Therapy Group. N Engl J Med 1989;321(22):1501-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Di Bisceglie AM, Martin P, Kassianides C, et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of recombinant human alpha-interferon therapy for chronic non-A, non-B (type C) hepatitis. J Hepatol 1990;11(Suppl 1):S36-42
   Google Scholar
• Dusheiko G, Main J, Thomas H, et al. Ribavirin treatment for patients with chronic hepatitis C: results of a placebo-controlled study. J Hepatol 1996;25(5):591-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeuzem S, Feinman SV, Rasenack J, et al. Peginterferon alfa-2a in patients with chronic hepatitis C. N Engl J Med 2000;343(23):1666-72
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lindsay KL, Trepo C, Heintges T, et al. A randomized, double-blind trial comparing pegylated interferon alfa-2b to interferon alfa-2b as initial treatment for chronic hepatitis C. Hepatology 2001;34(2):395-403
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reddy KR, Wright TL, Pockros PJ, et al. Efficacy and safety of pegylated (40-kd) interferon alpha-2a compared with interferon alpha-2a in noncirrhotic patients with chronic hepatitis C. Hepatology 2001;33(2):433-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manns MP, McHutchison JG, Gordon SC, et al. Peginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin compared with interferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin for initial treatment of chronic hepatitis C: a randomised trial. Lancet 2001;358(9286):958-65
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fried MW, Shiffman ML, Reddy KR, et al. Peginterferon alfa-2a plus ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C virus infection. N Engl J Med 2002;347(13):975-82
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hadziyannis SJ, Sette H Jr, Morgan TR, et al. Peginterferon-alpha2a and ribavirin combination therapy in chronic hepatitis C: a randomized study of treatment duration and ribavirin dose. Ann Intern Med 2004;140(5):346-55
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Op De Beeck A, Dubuisson J. Topology of hepatitis C virus envelope glycoproteins. Rev Med Virol 2003;13(4):233-41
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kato N. Genome of human hepatitis C virus (HCV): gene organization, sequence diversity, and variation. Microb Comp Genomics 2000;5(3):129-51
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lindenbach BD, Rice CM. Unravelling hepatitis C virus replication from genome to function. Nature 2005;436(7053):933-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neumann AU, Lam NP, Dahari H, et al. Hepatitis C viral dynamics in vivo and the antiviral efficacy of interferon-alpha therapy. Science 1998;282(5386):103-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Honda M, Kaneko S, Sakai A, et al. Degree of diversity of hepatitis C virus quasispecies and progression of liver disease. Hepatology 1994;20(5):1144-51
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prentoe J, Jensen TB, Meuleman P, et al. Hypervariable region 1 differentially impacts viability of hepatitis C virus strains of genotypes 1 to 6 and impairs virus neutralization. J Virol 2011;85(5):2224-34
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sulkowski MS, Poordad F, Manns MP, et al. Anemia during treatment with peginterferon Alfa-2b/ribavirin and boceprevir: Analysis from the serine protease inhibitor therapy 2 (SPRINT-2) trial. Hepatology 2013;57(3):974-84
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poordad F, McCone J Jr, Bacon BR, et al. Boceprevir for untreated chronic HCV genotype 1 infection. N Engl J Med 2011;364(13):1195-206
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bacon BR, Gordon SC, Lawitz E, et al. Boceprevir for previously treated chronic HCV genotype 1 infection. N Engl J Med 2011;364(13):1207-17
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vierling J, Davis M, Flamm S, Bronowicki JP. Sustained virologic response (SVR) in prior peginterferon/ribavirin (PR) treatment failures after retreatment with boceprevir (BOC)+ PR: PROVIDE Study Interim Results. J Hepatol 2012;56:567-75
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berenguer M, Prieto M, Rayon JM, et al. Natural history of clinically compensated hepatitis C virus-related graft cirrhosis after liver transplantation. Hepatology 2000;32(4 Pt 1):852-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lucey MR, Terrault N, Ojo L, et al. Long-term management of the successful adult liver transplant: 2012 practice guideline by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the American Society of Transplantation. Liver Transpl 2013;19(1):3-26
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coilly A, Dumortier J, Botta-Fridlund D, et al. Sustained virological response after protease inhibitor-based therapy for hepatitis C recurrence after liver transplantation: a multicentric European experience. Hepatology 2013;58(S1):316A
   Google Scholar
• Jacobson IM, McHutchison JG, Dusheiko G, et al. Telaprevir for previously untreated chronic hepatitis C virus infection. N Engl J Med 2011;364(25):2405-16
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sherman KE, Flamm SL, Afdhal NH, Nelson DR. Telaprevir in combination with peginterferon alfa 2a and ribavirin for 24 or 48 weeks in treatment-naive genotype 1 HCV patients who achieved an extended rapid virological response: final results of Phase 3 ILLUMINATE study. Hepatology 2010;52:401A
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Buti M, Agarwal K, Horsmans Y, et al. Telaprevir twice daily is noninferior to telaprevir every 8 hours for patients with chronic hepatitis C. Gastroenterology 2014;146(3):744-53; e743
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeuzem S, Andreone P, Pol S, et al. Telaprevir for retreatment of HCV infection. N Engl J Med 2011;364(25):2417-28
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomas DL, Thio CL, Martin MP, et al. Genetic variation in IL28B and spontaneous clearance of hepatitis C virus. Nature 2009;461(7265):798-801
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ge D, Fellay J, Thompson AJ, et al. Genetic variation in IL28B predicts hepatitis C treatment-induced viral clearance. Nature 2009;461(7262):399-401
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thompson AJ, Muir AJ, Sulkowski MS, et al. Interleukin-28B polymorphism improves viral kinetics and is the strongest pretreatment predictor of sustained virologic response in genotype 1 hepatitis C virus. Gastroenterology 2010;139(1):120-9; e118
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poordad F, Bronowicki JP, Gordon SC, et al. Factors that predict response of patients with hepatitis C virus infection to boceprevir. Gastroenterology 2012;143(3):608-18; e601-605
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kwo PY, Lawitz EJ, McCone J, et al. Efficacy of boceprevir, an NS3 protease inhibitor, in combination with peginterferon alfa-2b and ribavirin in treatment-naive patients with genotype 1 hepatitis C infection (SPRINT-1): an open-label, randomised, multicentre phase 2 trial. Lancet 2010;376(9742):705-16
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bruno S, Vierling JM, Esteban R, et al. Efficacy and safety of boceprevir plus peginterferon-ribavirin in patients with HCV G1 infection and advanced fibrosis/cirrhosis. J Hepatol 2013;58(3):479-87
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foster GR, Zeuzem S, Andreone P, et al. Sustained virologic response rates with telaprevir by response after 4 weeks of lead-in therapy in patients with prior treatment failure. J Hepatol 2013;58(3):488-94
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kau A, Vermehren J, Sarrazin C. Treatment predictors of a sustained virologic response in hepatitis B and C. J Hepatol 2008;49(4):634-51
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kwo PY. Phase III results in Genotype 1 naive patients: predictors of response with boceprevir and telaprevir combined with pegylated interferon and ribavirin. Liver Int 2012;32(Suppl 1):39-43
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang CF, Yang JF, Dai CY, et al. Efficacy and safety of pegylated interferon combined with ribavirin for the treatment of older patients with chronic hepatitis C. J Infect Dis 2010;201(5):751-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shiffman M, Benhamou Y, et al. Efficacy, treatment duration and safety of boceprevir, peginterferon and ribavirin in treatment-naive patients with hepatitis C genotype 1 infection: relationship to baseline fibrosis score. Liver Int 2013;33(Suppl 1):105-10
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Colombo M, Fernández I, Abdurakhmanov D, et al. Safety and on-treatment efficacy of telaprevir: the early access programme for patients with advanced hepatitis C. Gut 2013. [Epub ahead of print]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hezode C, Fontaine H, Dorival C, et al. Triple therapy in treatment-experienced patients with HCV-cirrhosis in a multicentre cohort of the French Early Access Programme (ANRS CO20-CUPIC) - NCT01514890. J Hepatol 2013;59(3):434-41
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manns M, Marcellin P, Poordad F, et al. Simeprevir (TMC435) with peginterferon/ribavirin for treatment of chronic HCV genotype-1 infection in treatment-naive patients: results from QUEST-2, a phase III trial. J Gastroenterol 2013;58(S1):S568
   Google Scholar
• Forns X, Lawitz E, Zafrani ES, et al. Simeprevir (TMC435) with peg-interferon α-2a/ribavirin for treatment of chronic HCV genotype 1 infection in patients who relapsed after previous interferon-based therapy: efficacy and safety in patient sub-populations in the PROMISE phase III trial. Hepatology 2013;58(S4):737A
   Google Scholar
• Zeuzem S, Berg T, Gane E, et al. Simeprevir increases rate of sustained virologic response among treatment-experienced patients with HCV genotype-1 infection: a phase IIb trial. Gastroenterology 2014;146(2):430-41.e6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sulkowski M, Asselah T, Ferenci P, et al. Treatment with the 2nd generation HCV PI BI 201335 results in high and consistent SVR rates - results from SILEN-C1 in treatment-naive patients across different baseline factors. Hepatology 2011;54(Suppl):473A
   Google Scholar
• Sulkowski M, Bourliere M, Bronowicki JP, et al. SILEN-C2: Sustained viral response and safety of BI201335 combined with peginterferon alfa-2a and ribavirin (P/R) in chronic HCV genotype 1 patients with non-response to P/R. J Hepatol 2011;54(S1):S30
   Google Scholar
• Berger KL, Triki J, Cartier M, et al. Baseline HCV NS3 polymorphisms and their impact on treatment response in clinical studies of the HCV NS3 Protease inhibitor faldaprevir. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2014;58(2):698-705
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jensen D, Asselah T, Dieterich DT, et al. A pooled analysis of two randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled Phase III trials (STARTVerso1&2) of faldaprevir plus peglylated interferon alfa-2a and ribavirin in treatment-naive patients with chronic hepatitis C genotype-1 infection. Hepatology 2013;58(S1):734A
   Google Scholar
• Jacobson I, Asselah T, Ferenci P, et al. STARTVerso3: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase III trial of faldaprevir in combination with pegylated interferon alfa-2a and ribavirin in treatment-experienced patients with chronic hepatitis C genotype-1 infection. Hepatology 2013;58(S1):742A
   Google Scholar
• Everson G, Cooper C, Hezode C, et al. Rapid and sustained achievement of undetectable HCV RNA during treatment with ritonavir-boosted danoprevir/ PEG-IFNa-2a/ RBV in HCV genotype 1 or 4 patients: DAUPHINE week 12 interim analysis. J Hepatol 2012;56(S1):S466
   Google Scholar
• Gao M, Nettles RE, Belema M, et al. Chemical genetics strategy identifies an HCV NS5A inhibitor with a potent clinical effect. Nature 2010;465(7294):96-100
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ratziu V, Gadano A, Pol S, et al. Triple therapy with daclatasvir (DCV; BMS-790052), peginterferon alfa-2a and ribavirin in HCV-infected prior null and partial responders: 12-week results of phase 2b COMMAND-2 trial. J Hepatol 2012;56(S2):S478-9
   Google Scholar
• Hezode C, Hirschfield GM, Ghesquiere W, et al. Daclatasvir, an NS5A replication complex inhibitor, combined with peginterferon alfa-2a and ribavirin in treatment-naive HCV-genotype 1 or 4 patients: phase 2b COMMAND-1 SVR12 results. Hepatology 2012;56(S1):553A
   Google Scholar
• Lok AS, Gardiner DF, Hézode C, et al. Randomized trial of daclatasvir and asunaprevir with or without peginterferon/ribavirin for hepatitis C virus genotype 1 null responders. J Hepatol 2013;60(3):490-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kowdley KV, Lawitz E, Crespo I, et al. Sofosbuvir with pegylated interferon alfa-2a and ribavirin for treatment-naive patients with hepatitis C genotype-1 infection (ATOMIC): an open-label, randomised, multicentre phase 2 trial. Lancet 2013;381(9883):2100-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lawitz E, Poordad F, Brainard D, et al. Sofosbuvir in combination with peginterferon and ribavirin for 12 weeks provides high SVR rates in HCV-infected genotype 2 or 3 treatment experienced patients with and without compensated cirrhosis: results from the LONESTAR-2 study [abstract LB4]. Program and abstracts of the 64th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases; 1-5 November 2013; Washington, DC. 2013
   Google Scholar
• Lawitz E, Mangia A, Wyles D, et al. Sofosbuvir for previously untreated chronic hepatitis C infection. N Engl J Med 2013;368(20):1878-87
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gane E, Stedman C, Hyland RH. Once daily GS-7977 plus ribavirin in HCV genotypes 1-3: the ELECTRON. Hepatology 2012;56(Suppl):306-307A
   Google Scholar
• Zeuzem S, Dusheiko G, Salupere R, et al. Sofosbuvir and ribavirin for 12 or 24 weeks for patients with HCV genotype 2 or 3: the VALENCE trial. Hepatology 2013;58(S4):733A
   Google Scholar
• Jacobson IM, Gordon SC, Kowdley KV, et al. Sofosbuvir for hepatitis C genotype 2 or 3 in patients without treatment options. N Engl J Med 2013;368(20):1867-77
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Forns X, Fontana RJ, Moonka D, et al. Initial evaluation of the sofosbuvir compassionate use program for patients with severe recurrent HCV following liver transplantation. Hepatology 2013;58(S1):732A-3A
   Google Scholar
• Charlton MR, Gane E, Manns M, et al. Sofosbuvir and ribavirin for the treatment of established recurrent hepatitis C infection after liver transplantation: preliminary results of a prospective, multicenter study [abstract LB-2]. Program and abstracts of the 64th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases; 1-5 November 2013; Washington, DC. 2013
   Google Scholar
• Curry MP, Forns X, Chung RT, et al. Pretransplant sofosbuvir and ribavirin to prevent recurrence of HCV infection after liver transplantation. Hepatology 2013;58(S1):314A-5A
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kohil A, Sims Z, Marti M, et al. Combination oral, ribavirin tree, antiviral therapy to optimise treatment outcomes for hepatitis C GT-1 treatment naive patients: interim results from the NIAID SYNERGY Trial [abstract LB-8]. Program and abstracts of the 64th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases; 1-5 November 2013; Washington, DC. 2013
   Google Scholar
• Gane E, Stedman C, Hyland RH, et al. Once daily sofosbuvir/ledipasvir fixed-dose combination with or without ribavirin: data from the ELECTRON trials. Hepatology 2013;58(S4):243A
   Google Scholar
• Lawitz E, Poordad F, Pang PS, et al. Sofosbuvir and ledipasvir fixed-dose combination with and without ribavirin in treatment-naive and previously treated patients with genotype 1 hepatitis C: the LONESTAR study. Hepatology 2013;58(S4):315A-6A
   Google Scholar
• Gane E, Pockros P, Zeuzem S, et al. Interferon-free treatment with a combination of mericitabine and danoprevir/r with or without ribavirin in treatment-naive HCV genotype 1-infected patients. J Hepatol 2012;56(S2):S555-6
   Google Scholar
• Jacobson I, Ghalib RH, Rodriguez-Torres M, et al. SVR results of a once-daily regimen of simeprevir (TMC435) plus sofosbuvir (GS7977) with or without ribavirin in cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic HCV genotype 1 treatment-naive and prior null responder patients: the COSMOS study [abstract LB3]. Program and abstracts of the 64th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases; 1-5 November2013; Washington, DC. 2013
   Google Scholar
• Suzuki Y, Ikeda K, Suzuki F, et al. Dual oral therapy with daclatasvir and asunaprevir for patients with HCV genotype 1b infection and limited treatment options. J Hepatol 2013;58(4):655-62
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sulkowski MS, Gardiner DF, Rodriguez-Torres M, et al. Once daily sofosbuvir (GS-7977) plus ribavirin in patients with HCV genotypes 1, 2 and 3: the ELECTRON trial. Hepatology 2012;56(Suppl):LB2
   Google Scholar
• Sulkowski MS, Gardiner DF, Rodriguez-Torres M, et al. Daclatasvir plus Sofosbuvir for Previously Treated or Untreated Chronic HCV Infection. N Engl J Med 2014;370(3):211-21
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeuzem S, Soriano V, Asselah T, et al. Faldaprevir and deleobuvir for HCV genotype 1 infection. N Engl J Med 2013;369(7):630-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dufour J, Buti M, Soriano V, et al. Interferon-free treatment with faldaprevir, deleobuvir (BI207127) and ribavirin in SOUND-C3: 95% SVR12 in HCV-GT1b. Hepatology 2013;58(S1):744A
   Google Scholar
• Lawitz E, Hezode C, Varunok P, et al. Interferon- and ribavirin-free regimen of ABT-450/r + ABT-257 in HCV genotype 1b-infected treatment-naive patients and prior null-responders. Hepatology 2013;58(S1):244A
   Google Scholar
• Poordad F, Lawitz E, Kris V, et al. Interferon-free regimens of ABT-450/r, ABT-267, ABT-333 +/- ribavirin achieve high SVR12 and SVR24 in patients with chronic HCV genotype 1b. Hepatology Int 2013;7(S1):S359
   Google Scholar
• Kowdley KV, Lawitz E, Poordad F, et al. Phase 2b Trial of Interferon-free Therapy for Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 1. N Engl J Med 2014;370(3):222-32
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Everson G, Sims KD, Thuluvath PJ, et al. Phase 2b study of the interferon-free and ribavirin-free combination of daclatasvir, asunaprevir and BMS-791325 for 12 weeks in treatment-naive patients with chronic HCV genotype 1 infection [abstract LB-1]. Program and abstracts of the 64th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases; 1-5 November 2013; Washington, DC. 2013
   Google Scholar
• Lawitz E, Vierling J, Murilla A, et al. High efficacy and safety of the all-oral combination regimen, MK5172/ MK-8742 +/- RBV for 12 weeks in HCV genotype 1 infected patients: the C-WORTHY study. Hepatology 2013;58(S1):244A
   Google Scholar
• Gane E, Ari ZB, Mollison L, et al. MK-5172 + ribavirin for 12 weeks or 24 weeks in treatment-naive, non-cirrhotic subjects with HCV GT1 infection: the C-SPIRIT study. Hepatology 2013;58(S1):748A
   Google Scholar
• Lawitz E, Hill J, Vince B, et al. 847 ACH-2684 demonstrates potent viral suppression in genotype 1 hepatitis C patients with and without cirrhosis: safety, pharmacokinetic and viral kinetic analysis. J Hepatol 2013;58:S347
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar