Biomarkers for early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer

References

• Costello E, Greenhalf W, Neoptolemos JP. New biomarkers and targets in pancreatic cancer and their application to treatment. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2012;9(8):435-44
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siegel R, Ma J, Zou Z, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2014. CA Cancer J Clin 2014;64(1):9-29
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rahib L, Smith BD, Aizenberg R, et al. Projecting cancer incidence and deaths to 2030: the unexpected burden of thyroid, liver, and pancreas cancers in the United States. Cancer Res 2014(11):2913-21
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cunningham D, Chau I, Stocken DD, et al. Phase III randomized comparison of gemcitabine versus gemcitabine plus capecitabine in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. J Clin Oncol 2009;27(33):5513-18
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stathis A, Moore MJ. Advanced pancreatic carcinoma: current treatment and future challenges. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2010;7(3):163-72
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neoptolemos JP, Stocken DD, Friess H, et al. A randomized trial of chemoradiotherapy and chemotherapy after resection of pancreatic cancer. N Engl J Med 2004;350(12):1200-10
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neoptolemos JP, Stocken DD, Tudur Smith C, et al. Adjuvant 5-fluorouracil and folinic acid vs observation for pancreatic cancer: composite data from the ESPAC-1 and -3(v1) trials. Br J Cancer 2009;100(2):246-50
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neoptolemos JP, Stocken DD, Bassi C, et al. Adjuvant chemotherapy with fluorouracil plus folinic acid vs gemcitabine following pancreatic cancer resection: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2010;304(10):1073-81
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Locker GY, Hamilton S, Harris J, et al. ASCO 2006 Update of Recommendations for the Use of Tumor Markers in Gastrointestinal Cancer. J Clin Oncol 2006;24(33):5313-27
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wong D, Ko AH, Hwang J, et al. Serum CA19-9 decline compared to radiographic response as a surrogate for clinical outcomes in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer receiving chemotherapy. Pancreas 2008;37(3):269-74
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang Z, Liu F. Diagnostic value of serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 in pancreatic cancer: a meta-analysis. Tumour Biol 2014;35(8):7459-65
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosty C, Goggins M. Early detection of pancreatic carcinoma. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2002;16(1):37-52
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh S, Tang SJ, Sreenarasimhaiah J, et al. The Clinical Utility and Limitations of Serum Carbohydrate Antigen (CA19-9) as a Diagnostic Tool for Pancreatic Cancer and Cholangiocarcinoma. Dig Dis Sci 2011;56(8):2491-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gold DV, Gaedcke J, Ghadimi BM, et al. PAM4 enzyme immunoassay alone and in combination with CA 19-9 for the detection of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Cancer 2013;119(3):522-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brand RE, Nolen BM, Zeh HJ, et al. Serum Biomarker Panels for the Detection of Pancreatic Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2011;17(4):805-16
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pan S, Chen R, Brand RE, et al. Multiplex targeted proteomic assay for biomarker detection in plasma: a pancreatic cancer biomarker case study. J proteome Res 2012;11(3):1937-48
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Faca VM, Song KS, Wang H, et al. A mouse to human search for plasma proteome changes associated with pancreatic tumor development. PLoS Med 2008;5(6):e123
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rhim AD, Mirek ET, Aiello NM, et al. EMT and dissemination precede pancreatic tumor formation. Cell 2012;148(1-2):349-61
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sohal DP, Walsh RM, Ramanathan RK, Khorana AA. Pancreatic adenocarcinoma: treating a systemic disease with systemic therapy. J Natl Cancer Inst 2014;106(3):dju011
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tuveson DA, Neoptolemos JP. Understanding metastasis in pancreatic cancer: a call for new clinical approaches. Cell 2012;148(1-2):21-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tonack S, Aspinall-O’Dea M, Neoptolemos JP, Costello E. Pancreatic cancer: proteomic approaches to a challenging disease. Pancreatology 2009;9(5):567-76
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park HD, Kang ES, Kim JW, et al. Serum CA19-9, cathepsin D, and matrix metalloproteinase-7 as a diagnostic panel for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Proteomics 2012;12(23-24):3590-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gold DV, Newsome G, Liu D, Goldenberg DM. Mapping PAM4 (clivatuzumab), a monoclonal antibody in clinical trials for early detection and therapy of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, to MUC5AC mucin. Mol Cancer 2013;12(1):143
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gold DV, Lew K, Maliniak R, et al. Characterization of monoclonal antibody PAM4 reactive with a pancreatic cancer mucin. Int J Cancer 1994;57(2):204-10
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Makawita S, Dimitromanolakis A, Soosaipillai A, et al. Validation of four candidate pancreatic cancer serological biomarkers that improve the performance of CA19.9. BMC Cancer 2013;13(1):404
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sun C, Rosendahl AH, Ansari D, Andersson R. Proteome-based biomarkers in pancreatic cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2011;17(44):4845-52
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crnogorac–Jurcevic T, Gangeswaran R, Bhakta V, et al. Proteomic Analysis of Chronic Pancreatitis and Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma. Gastroenterology 2005;129(5):1454-63
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen J WW, Zhen C, Zhou H, et al. Expression and clinical significance of complement C3, complement C4b1 and apolipoprotein E in pancreatic cancer. Oncol Lett 2013;6(1):43-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKinney KQ, Lee YY, Choi HS, et al. Discovery of putative pancreatic cancer biomarkers using subcellular proteomics. J Proteomics 2011;74(1):79-88
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okai T, Sawabu N, Takemori Y, et al. Levels of carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen (CA19-9) in pure pancreatic juice and sera in a patient with occult pancreatic cancer. J Clin Gastroenterol 1992;15(2):162-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park JY, Kim SA, Chung JW, et al. Proteomic analysis of pancreatic juice for the identification of biomarkers of pancreatic cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2011;137(8):1229-38
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yamaguchi Y, Watanabe H, Yrdiran S, et al. Detection of mutations of p53 tumor suppressor gene in pancreatic juice and its application to diagnosis of patients with pancreatic cancer: comparison with K-ras mutation. Clin Cancer Res 1999;5:1147-53
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bian Y, Matsubayashi H, Li CP, et al. Detecting low-abundance p16 and p53 mutations in pancreatic juice using a novel assay: heteroduplex analysis of limiting dilution PCRs. Cancer Biol Ther 2006;5(10):1392-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fukushima N, Walter KM, Uek T, et al. Diagnosing pancreatic cancer using methylation specific PCR analysis of pancreatic juice. Cancer Biol Ther 2003;2(1):78-83
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yan L, McFaul C, Howes N, et al. Molecular analysis to detect pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma in high-risk groups. Gastroenterology 2005;128(7):2124-30
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nicholson J, Greenhalf W, Jackson R, et al. Incidence of post- ERCP pancreatitis from direct pancreatic juice collection in hereditary pancreatitis and familial pancreatic cancer before and after the introduction of prophylactic pancreatic stents and rectal diclofenac pancreas. 2014; In Press
   Google Scholar
• Kanda M, Sadakari Y, Borges M, et al. Mutant TP53 in duodenal samples of pancreatic juice from patients with pancreatic cancer or high-grade dysplasia. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013;11(6):719-30. e715
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kanda M, Knight S, Topazian M, et al. Mutant GNAS detected in duodenal collections of secretin-stimulated pancreatic juice indicates the presence or emergence of pancreatic cysts. Gut 2013;62(7):1024-33
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ryu JK, Hong SM, Karikari CA, et al. Aberrant MicroRNA-155 expression is an early event in the multistep progression of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Pancreatology 2010;10(1):66-73
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giovannetti E, Funel N, Peters GJ, et al. MicroRNA-21 in pancreatic cancer: correlation with clinical outcome and pharmacologic aspects underlying its role in the modulation of gemcitabine activity. Cancer Res 2010;70(11):4528-38
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee EJ, Gusev Y, Jiang J, et al. Expression profiling identifies microRNA signature in pancreatic cancer. Int J Cancer 2007;120(5):1046-54
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu J, Li A, Hong SM, et al. MicroRNA alterations of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasias. Clin Cancer Res 2012;18(4):981-92
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brase JC, Wuttig D, Kuner R, Sultmann H. Serum microRNAs as non-invasive biomarkers for cancer. Mol Cancer 2010;9:306
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Valadi H, Ekstrom K, Bossios A, et al. Exosome-mediated transfer of mRNAs and microRNAs is a novel mechanism of genetic exchange between cells. Nat Cell Biol 2007;9(6):654-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hunter MP, Ismail N, Zhang X, et al. Detection of microRNA expression in human peripheral blood microvesicles. PLoS One 2008;3(11):e3694
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carlsen AL, Joergensen MT, Knudsen S, et al. Cell-free plasma microRNA in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and disease controls. Pancreas 2013;42(7):1107-13
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ho AS, Huang X, Cao H, et al. Circulating miR-210 as a Novel Hypoxia Marker in Pancreatic Cancer. Transl Oncol 2010;3(2):109-13
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li A, Omura N, Hong SM, et al. Pancreatic cancers epigenetically silence SIP1 and hypomethylate and overexpress miR-200a/200b in association with elevated circulating miR-200a and miR-200b levels. Cancer Res 2010;70(13):5226-37
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morimura R, Komatsu S, Ichikawa D, et al. Novel diagnostic value of circulating miR-18a in plasma of patients with pancreatic cancer. Br J Cancer 2011;105(11):1733-40
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Habbe N, Koorstra JB, Mendell JT, et al. MicroRNA miR-155 is a biomarker of early pancreatic neoplasia. Cancer Biol Ther 2009;8(4):340-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matthaei H, Wylie D, Lloyd MB, et al. miRNA biomarkers in cyst fluid augment the diagnosis and management of pancreatic cysts. Clin Cancer Res 2012;18(17):4713-24
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Szafranska AE, Davison TS, John J, et al. MicroRNA expression alterations are linked to tumorigenesis and non-neoplastic processes in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Oncogene 2007;26(30):4442-52
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bloomston M, Frankel WL, Petrocca F, et al. MicroRNA expression patterns to differentiate pancreatic adenocarcinoma from normal pancreas and chronic pancreatitis. JAMA 2007;297(17):1901-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• du Rieu MC, Torrisani J, Selves J, et al. MicroRNA-21 Is Induced Early in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Precursor Lesions. Clin Chem 2010;56(4):603-12
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baraniskin A, Nopel-Dunnebacke S, Ahrens M, et al. Circulating U2 small nuclear RNA fragments as a novel diagnostic biomarker for pancreatic and colorectal adenocarcinoma. Int J Cancer 2013;132(2):E48-57
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaur S, Baine MJ, Jain M, et al. Early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer: challenges and new developments. Biomark Med 2012;6(5):597-612
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pistol-Tanase C, Raducan E, Dima SO, et al. Assessment of soluble angiogenic markers in pancreatic cancer. Biomark Med 2008;2(5):447-55
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeh HJ, Winikoff S, Landsittel DP, et al. Multianalyte profiling of serum cytokines for detection of pancreatic cancer. Cancer Biomark 2005;1(6):259-69
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Shaw VE, Lane B, Jenkinson C, et al. Serum cytokine biomarker panels for discriminating pancreatic cancer from benign pancreatic disease. Mol Cancer 2014;13(1):114
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bracci PM. Zhou, M., Young, S. and Wiemels, J. Serum autoantibodies to pancreatic cancer antigens as biomarkers of pancreatic cancer in a San Francisco Bay Area case–control study. Cancer 2012;118(21):5384-94
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tomaino B, Cappello P, Capello M, et al. Circulating Autoantibodies to Phosphorylated α-Enolase are a Hallmark of Pancreatic Cancer. J Proteome Res 2010;10(1):105-12
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Capello M, Cappello P, Linty F, et al. Autoantibodies to Ezrin are an early sign of pancreatic cancer in humans and in genetically engineered mouse models. J Hematol Oncol 2013;6(1):67
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Esmaeilsabzali H, Beischlag TV, Cox ME, et al. Detection and isolation of circulating tumor cells: principles and methods. Biotechnol Adv 2013;31(7):1063-84
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Husemann Y, Geigl JB, Schubert F, et al. Systemic spread is an early step in breast cancer. Cancer Cell 2008;13(1):58-68
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pantel K, Brakenhoff RH. Dissecting the metastatic cascade. Nat Rev Cancer 2004;4(6):448-56
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Polyak K, Weinberg RA. Transitions between epithelial and mesenchymal states: acquisition of malignant and stem cell traits. Nat Rev Cancer 2009;9(4):265-73
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rhim AD. EMT and dissemination precede pancreatic tumor formation. Cell 2012;148:349-61
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kurihara T, Itoi T, Sofuni A, et al. Detection of circulating tumor cells in patients with pancreatic cancer: a preliminary result. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 2008;15(2):189-95
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Khoja L, Backen A, Sloane R, et al. A pilot study to explore circulating tumour cells in pancreatic cancer as a novel biomarker. Br J Cancer 2012;106(3):508-16
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Allard WJ, Matera J, Miller MC, et al. Tumor cells circulate in the peripheral blood of all major carcinomas but not in healthy subjects or patients with nonmalignant diseases. Clin Cancer Res 2004;10(20):6897-904
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou J HL, Yu Z, Zheng J, et al. Marker expression in circulating cancer cells of pancreatic cancer patients. J Surg Res 2011;171(2):631-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Albuquerque A, Kubisch I, Breier G, et al. Multimarker gene analysis of circulating tumor cells in pancreatic cancer patients: a feasibility study. Oncology 2012;82(1):3-10
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marrinucci D, Bethel K, Kolatkar A, et al. Fluid biopsy in patients with metastatic prostate, pancreatic and breast cancers. Phys Biol 2012;9(1):9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagrath S, Sequist LV, Maheswaran S, et al. Isolation of rare circulating tumour cells in cancer patients by microchip technology. Nature 2007;450(7173):1235-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sheng W, Ogunwobi OO, Chen T, et al. Capture, release and culture of circulating tumor cells from pancreatic cancer patients using an enhanced mixing chip. Lab Chip 2014;14(1):89-98
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwarzenbach H, Hoon DS, Pantel K. Cell-free nucleic acids as biomarkers in cancer patients. Nat Rev Cancer 2011;11(6):426-37
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Castells A, Puig P, Mora J, et al. K-ras mutations in DNA extracted from the plasma of patients with pancreatic carcinoma: diagnostic utility and prognostic significance. J Clin Oncol 1999;17(2):578-84
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newman AM, Bratman SV, To J, et al. An ultrasensitive method for quantitating circulating tumor DNA with broad patient coverage. Nat Med 2014;20(5):548-54
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neesse A, Hahnenkamp A, Griesmann H, et al. Claudin-4-targeted optical imaging detects pancreatic cancer and its precursor lesions. Gut 2013;62(7):1034-43
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cruz-Monserrate Z, Abd-Elgaliel WR, Grote T, et al. Detection of pancreatic cancer tumours and precursor lesions by cathepsin E activity in mouse models. Gut 2012;61(9):1315-22
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang L, Farrell JJ, Zhou H, et al. Salivary Transcriptomic biomarkers for detection of resectable pancreatic cancer. Gastroenterology 2010;138(3):949-57. e947
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ballehaninna U, Chamberlain R. Biomarkers for pancreatic cancer: promising new markers and options beyond CA 19-9. Tumor Biol 2013;34(6):3279-92
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farrell JJ, Zhang L, Zhou H, et al. Variations of oral microbiota are associated with pancreatic diseases including pancreatic cancer. Gut 2012;61(4):582-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lau C, Kim Y, Chia D, et al. Role of pancreatic cancer-derived exosomes in salivary biomarker development. J Biol Chem 2013;288(37):26888-97
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campbell PJ, Yachida S, Mudie LJ, et al. The patterns and dynamics of genomic instability in metastatic pancreatic cancer. Nature 2010;467(7319):1109-13
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yachida S, Jones S, Bozic I, et al. Distant metastasis occurs late during the genetic evolution of pancreatic cancer. Nature 2010;467(7319):1114-17
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pannala R, Leirness JB, Bamlet WR, et al. Prevalence and clinical profile of pancreatic cancer-associated diabetes mellitus. Gastroenterology 2008;134(4):981-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ransohoff DF, Gourlay ML. Sources of bias in specimens for research about molecular markers for cancer. J Clin Oncol 2010;28(4):698-704
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ransohoff DF. How to improve reliability and efficiency of research about molecular markers: roles of phases, guidelines, and study design. J Clin Epidemiol 2007;60(12):1205-19
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sener SF, Fremgen A, Menck HR, Winchester DP. Pancreatic cancer: a report of treatment and survival trends for 100,313 patients diagnosed from 1985-1995, using the National Cancer Database. J Am Coll Surg 1999;189(1):1-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yan L, Tonack S, Smith R, et al. Confounding effect of obstructive jaundice in the interpretation of proteomic plasma profiling data for pancreatic cancer. J Proteome Res 2009;8(1):142-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tonack S, Jenkinson C, Cox T, et al. iTRAQ reveals candidate pancreatic cancer serum biomarkers: influence of obstructive jaundice on their performance. Br J Cancer 2013;108(9):1846-53
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nie S, Lo A, Wu J, et al. Glycoprotein biomarker panel for pancreatic cancer discovered by quantitative proteomics analysis. J Proteome Res 2014;13(4):1873-84
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Riboli E, Hunt KJ, Slimani N, et al. European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC): study populations and data collection. Public Health Nutr 2002;5(6B):1113-24
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Menon U, Gentry-Maharaj A, Ryan A, et al. Recruitment to multicentre trials – lessons from UKCTOCS: descriptive study. BMJ 2008;337:a2079
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Menon U, Gentry-Maharaj A, Hallett R, et al. Sensitivity and specificity of multimodal and ultrasound screening for ovarian cancer, and stage distribution of detected cancers: results of the prevalence screen of the UK Collaborative Trial of Ovarian Cancer Screening (UKCTOCS). Lancet Oncol 2009;10(4):327-40
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Costello E, Neoptolemos J. Enhancing the translation of cancer biomarkers. Br J Surg 2011;98(8):1039-40
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bossuyt PM, Reitsma JB, Bruns DE, et al. Towards complete and accurate reporting of studies of diagnostic accuracy: the STARD initiative. Clin Biochem 2003;36(1):2-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smidt N, Rutjes AW, van der Windt DA, et al. The quality of diagnostic accuracy studies since the STARD statement: has it improved? Neurology 2006;67(5):792-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilczynski NL. Quality of reporting of diagnostic accuracy studies: no change since STARD statement publication--before-and-after study. Radiology 2008;248(3):817-23
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Korevaar DA, van Enst WA, Spijker R, et al. Reporting quality of diagnostic accuracy studies: a systematic review and meta-analysis of investigations on adherence to STARD. Evid Based Med 2014;19(2):47-54
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tempero MA, Klimstra D, Berlin J, et al. Changing the way we do business: recommendations to accelerate biomarker development in pancreatic cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2013;19(3):538-40
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marko NF, Weil RJ. Mathematical modeling of molecular data in translational medicine: theoretical considerations. Sci Transl Med 2010;2(56):56rv54
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fallon BP, Curnutte B, Maupin KA, et al. The Marker State Space (MSS) method for classifying clinical samples. PLoS One 2013;8(6):e65905
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alian OM, Philip PA, Sarkar FH, Azmi AS. Systems biology approaches to pancreatic cancer detection, prevention and treatment. Curr Pharm Des 2014;20(1):73-80
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tan Y, Miele L, Sarkar FH, Wang Z. Identifying biomarkers and drug targets using systems biology approaches for pancreatic cancer. Pancreat Disord Ther 2012;2(4):1000e1128
   Google Scholar
• Ghatnekar O, Andersson R, Svensson M, et al. Modelling the benefits of early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer using a biomarker signature. Int J Cancer 2013;133(10):2392-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Munding JB, Adai AT, Maghnouj A, et al. Global microRNA expression profiling of microdissected tissues identifies miR-135b as a novel biomarker for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Int J Cancer 2012;131(2):E86-95
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar