The role of interventional therapy for pleural diseases

References

• Chernow B, Sahn SA. Carcinomatous involvement of the pleura. An analysis of 96 patients. Am J Med 1977;63(5):695-702
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sears D, Hajdu SI. The cytologic diagnosis of malignant neoplasms in pleural and peritoneal effusions. Acta Cytol 1987;31(2):85-97
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van de Molengraft FJ, Vooijs GP. Survival of patients with malignancy-associated effusions. Acta Cytol 1989;33(6):911-16
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hsu C. Cytologic detection of malignancy in pleural effusion: a review of 5,255 samples from 3,811 patients. Diagn Cytopathol 1987;3(1):8-12
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyer PC. Metastatic carcinoma of the pleura. Thorax 1966;21(5):437-43
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodriguez-Panadero F, Borderas Naranjo F, Lopez Mejias J. Pleural metastatic tumours and effusions. Frequency and pathogenic mechanisms in a post-mortem series. Eur Respir J 1989;2(4):366-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Society AT. Management of malignant pleural effusions. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000;162(5):1987-2001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martinez-Moragon E, Aparicio J, Sanchis J, et al. Malignant pleural effusion: prognostic factors for survival and response to chemical pleurodesis in a series of 120 cases. Respiration 1998;65(2):108-13
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Judson M, Sahn S. Pulmonary physiologic abnormalities caused by pleural disease. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 1995;16(4):346-53
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feller-Kopman D, Parker MJ, Schwartzstein RM. Assessment of pleural pressure in the evaluation of pleural effusions. Chest 2009;135(1):201-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huggins JT, Sahn SA, Heidecker J, et al. Characteristics of trapped lung: pleural fluid analysis, manometry, and air-contrast chest CT. Chest 2007;131(1):206-13
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lan RS, Lo SK, Chuang ML, et al. Elastance of the pleural space: a predictor for the outcome of pleurodesis in patients with malignant pleural effusion. Ann Intern Med 1997;126(10):768-74
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roberts ME, Neville E, Berrisford RG, et al. Management of a malignant pleural effusion: British Thoracic Society pleural disease guideline 2010. Thorax 2010;65(Suppl 2):ii32-40
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walker-Renard PB, Vaughan LM, Sahn SA. Chemical pleurodesis for malignant pleural effusions. Ann Intern Med 1994;120(1):56-64
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adler RH, Sayek I. Treatment of malignant pleural effusion: a method using tube thoracostomy and talc. Ann Thorac Surg 1976;22(1):8-15
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Villanueva AG, Gray AW Jr, Shahian DM, et al. Efficacy of short term versus long term tube thoracostomy drainage before tetracycline pleurodesis in the treatment of malignant pleural effusions. Thorax 1994;49(1):23-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haddad FJ, Younes RN, Gross JL, Deheinzelin D. Pleurodesis in patients with malignant pleural effusions: talc slurry or bleomycin? Results of a prospective randomized trial. World J Surg 2004;28(8):749-53. discussion 753-744
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brant A, Eaton T. Serious complications with talc slurry pleurodesis. Respirology 2001;6(3):181-5
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Campos JR, Werebe EC, Vargas FS, et al. Respiratory failure due to insufflated talc. Lancet 1997;349(9047):251-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuzniar T, Mutlu G. Post-talc pleurodesis acute lung injury - Case report and review of literature. Adv Clin Exp Med 2004;13(2):367-70
   Google Scholar
• Rinaldo JE, Owens GR, Rogers RM. Adult respiratory distress syndrome following intrapleural instillation of talc. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1983;85(4):523-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferrer J, Montes JF, Villarino MA, et al. Influence of particle size on extrapleural talc dissemination after talc slurry pleurodesis. Chest 2002;122(3):1018-27
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Janssen JP, Collier G, Astoul P, et al. Safety of pleurodesis with talc poudrage in malignant pleural effusion: a prospective cohort study. Lancet 2007;369(9572):1535-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maskell NA, Lee YC, Gleeson FV, et al. Randomized trials describing lung inflammation after pleurodesis with talc of varying particle size. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2004;170(4):377-82
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bridevaux PO, Tschopp JM, Cardillo G, et al. Short-term safety of thoracoscopic talc pleurodesis for recurrent primary spontaneous pneumothorax: a prospective European multicentre study. Eur Respir J 2011;38(4):770-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caglayan B, Torun E, Turan D, et al. Efficacy of iodopovidone pleurodesis and comparison of small-bore catheter versus large-bore chest tube. Ann Surg Oncol 2008;15(9):2594-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clementsen P, Evald T, Grode G, et al. Treatment of malignant pleural effusion: pleurodesis using a small percutaneous catheter. A prospective randomized study. Respir Med 1998;92(3):593-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parulekar W, Di Primio G, Matzinger F, et al. Use of small-bore vs large-bore chest tubes for treatment of malignant pleural effusions. Chest 2001;120(1):19-25
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lorch DG, Gordon L, Wooten S, et al. Effect of patient positioning on distribution of tetracycline in the pleural space during pleurodesis. Chest 1988;93(3):527-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mager HJ, Maesen B, Verzijlbergen F, Schramel F. Distribution of talc suspension during treatment of malignant pleural effusion with talc pleurodesis. Lung cancer 2002;36(1):77-81
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Katlic M. Video-assisted thoracic surgery utilizing local anesthesia and sedation. In: Pompeo E, editor. Awake thoracic surgery. Bentham Science Publishers Ltd, Dubai, UAE; 2012. p. 191-8
   Google Scholar
• Rahman N, Ali N, Brown G, et al. Local anaesthetic thoracoscopy: British Thoracic Society Pleural Disease Guideline 2010. Thorax 2010;65(Suppl 2):ii54-60
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Debeljak A, Kecelj P, Triller N, et al. Talc pleurodesis: comparison of talc slurry instillation with thoracoscopic talc insufflation for malignant pleural effusions. J BUON 2006;11(4):463-7
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Diacon AH, Wyser C, Bolliger CT, et al. Prospective randomized comparison of thoracoscopic talc poudrage under local anesthesia versus bleomycin instillation for pleurodesis in malignant pleural effusions. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000;162(4 Pt 1):1445-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dresler CM, Olak J, Herndon JE 2nd, et al. Phase III intergroup study of talc poudrage vs talc slurry sclerosis for malignant pleural effusion. Chest 2005;127(3):909-15
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fentiman IS, Rubens RD, Hayward JL. A comparison of intracavitary talc and tetracycline for the control of pleural effusions secondary to breast cancer. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol 1986;22(9):1079-81
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kuzdzal J, Sladek K, Wasowski D, et al. Talc powder vs doxycycline in the control of malignant pleural effusion: a prospective, randomized trial. Med Sci Monit 2003;9(6):PI54-9
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yim AP, Chan AT, Lee TW, et al. Thoracoscopic talc insufflation versus talc slurry for symptomatic malignant pleural effusion. Ann Thorac Surg 1996;62(6):1655-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Putnam JB Jr, Light RW, Rodriguez RM, et al. A randomized comparison of indwelling pleural catheter and doxycycline pleurodesis in the management of malignant pleural effusions. Cancer 1999;86(10):1992-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Meter MEM, McKee KY, Kohlwes RJ. Efficacy and safety of tunneled pleural catheters in adults with malignant pleural effusions: a systematic review. J Gen Intern Med 2011;26(1):70-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fysh ET, Tremblay A, Feller-Kopman D, et al. Clinical outcomes of indwelling pleural catheter-related pleural infections: an international multicenter study. Chest 2013;144(5):1597-602
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mekhaiel E, Kashyap R, Mullon JJ, Maldonado F. Infections associated with tunnelled indwelling pleural catheters in patients undergoing chemotherapy. J Bronchology Interv Pulmonol 2013;20(4):299-303
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tremblay A. Tunnelled pleural catheters in malignant pleural effusion. Lancet 2007;370(9585):387; author reply 387
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tremblay A, Mason C, Michaud G. Use of tunnelled catheters for malignant pleural effusions in patients fit for pleurodesis. Eur Respir J 2007;30(4):759-62
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davies HE, Mishra EK, Kahan BC, et al. Effect of an indwelling pleural catheter vs chest tube and talc pleurodesis for relieving dyspnea in patients with malignant pleural effusion: the TIME2 randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2012;307(22):2383-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fysh ET, Waterer GW, Kendall PA, et al. Indwelling pleural catheters reduce inpatient days over pleurodesis for malignant pleural effusion. Chest 2012;142(2):394-400
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olden AM, Holloway R. Treatment of malignant pleural effusion: pleuRx catheter or talc pleurodesis? A cost-effectiveness analysis. J Palliat Med 2010;13(1):59-65
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Puri V, Pyrdeck TL, Crabtree TD, et al. Treatment of malignant pleural effusion: a cost-effectiveness analysis. Ann Thorac Surg 2012;94(2):374-9. discussion 379-380
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Folch E, Santacruz JF. Rapid pleurodesis: an outpatient alternative. Chest 2011;140(6):1665-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reddy C, Ernst A, Lamb C, Feller-Kopman D. Rapid pleurodesis for malignant pleural effusions: a pilot study. Chest 2011;139(6):1419-23
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris K, Chalhoub M. The use of a PleurX catheter in the management of recurrent benign pleural effusion: a concise review. Heart Lung Circ 2012;21(11):661-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhatnagar R, Reid ED, Corcoran JP, et al. Indwelling pleural catheters for non-malignant effusions: a multicentre review of practice. Thorax 2013. [Epub ahead of print]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DePew ZS, Iqbal S, Mullon JJ, et al. The role for tunneled indwelling pleural catheters in patients with persistent benign chylothorax. Am J Med Sci 2013;346(5):349-52
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Srour N, Potechin R, Amjadi K. Use of indwelling pleural catheters for cardiogenic pleural effusions. Chest 2013;144(5):1603-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grijalva CG, Zhu Y, Pekka Nuorti J, Griffin MR. Emergence of parapneumonic empyema in the USA. Thorax 2011;66(8):663-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davies CWH, Kearney SE, Gleeson FV, Davies RJO. Predictors of outcome and long-term survival in patients with pleural infection. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999;160(5 I):1682-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farjah F, Symons RG, Krishnadasan B, et al. Management of pleural space infections: a population-based analysis. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2007;133(2):346-51. e341
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maskell NA, Davies CWH, Nunn AJ, et al. U.K. controlled trial of intrapleural streptokinase for pleural infection. N Engl J Med 2005;352(9):865-74
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heffner JE, Brown LK, Barbieri C, DeLeo JM. Pleural fluid chemical analysis in parapneumonic effusions: a meta- analysis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1995;151(6):1700-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Colice GL, Curtis A, Deslauriers J, et al. Medical and surgical treatment of parapneumonic effusions : an evidence-based guideline. Chest 2000;118(4):1158-71
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davies HE, Davies RJO, Davies CWH. Management of pleural infection in adults: British Thoracic Society pleural disease guideline 2010. Thorax 2010;65(Suppl 2):ii41-53
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Light RW. Management of parapneumonic effusions. Arch Intern Med 1981;141(10):1339-41
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sahn SA. Management of complicated parapneumonic effusions. Am Rev Respir Dis 1993;148(3):813-17
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Klein JS, Schultz S, Heffner JE. Interventional radiology of the chest: image-guided percutaneous drainage of pleural effusions, lung abscess, and pneumothorax. Am J Roentgenol 1995;164(3):581-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Merriam MA, Cronan JJ, Dorfman GS, et al. Radiographically guided percutaneous catheter drainage of pleural fluid collections. Am J Roentgenol 1988;151(6):1113-16
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silverman SG, Mueller PR, Saini S, et al. Thoracic empyema: management with image-guided catheter drainage. Radiology 1988;169(1):5-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stavas J, vanSonnenberg E, Casola G, Wittich GR. Percutaneous drainage of infected and noninfected thoracic fluid collections. J Thorac Imaging 1987;2(3):80-7
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ulmer JL, Choplin RH, Reed JC. Image-guided catheter drainage of the infected pleural space. J Thorac Imaging 1991;6(4):65-73
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rahman NM, Maskell NA, Davies CWH, et al. The relationship between chest tube size and clinical outcome in pleural infection. Chest 2010;137(3):536-43
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davies HE, Rahman NM, Parker RJ, Davies RJO. Use of indwelling pleural catheters for chronic pleural infection. Chest 2008;133(2):546-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fysh ETH, Tremblay A, Feller-Kopman D, et al. Clinical outcomes of indwelling pleural catheter-related pleural infections: an international multicenter study. Chest 2013;144(5):1597-602
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mekhaiel E, Kashyap R, Mullon JJ, Maldonado F. Infections associated with tunnelled indwelling pleural catheters in patients undergoing chemotherapy. J Bronchology Interv Pulmonol 2013;20(4):299-303
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Van Den Toorn LM, Schaap E, Surmont VFM, et al. Management of recurrent malignant pleural effusions with a chronic indwelling pleural catheter. Lung Cancer 2005;50(1):123-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tremblay A, Michaud G. Single-center experience with 250 tunnelled pleural catheter insertions for malignant pleural effusion. Chest 2006;129(2):362-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mahmood K, Bower C. Treatment of infection associated with tunneled pleural catheters. J Bronchology Interv Pulmonol 2010;17(1):69-72
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tremblay A, Stather DR, MacEachern P. How should we manage Empyema complicating tunneled pleural catheter placement? J Bronchology Interv Pulmonol 2010;17(2):106-8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bouros D, Schiza S, Tzanakis N, et al. Intrapleural urokinase versus normal saline in the treatment of complicated parapneumonic effusions and empyema. A randomized, double-blind study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999;159(1):37-42
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diacon AH, Theron J, Schuurmans MM, et al. Intrapleural streptokinase for empyema and complicated parapneumonic effusions. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2004;170(1):49-53
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tillett WS, Sherry S. The effect in patients of streptococcal fibrinolysin and streptococcal. J Clin Invest 1949;28(1):173-90
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Light RW, Nguyen T, Mulligan ME, Sasse SA. The in vitro efficacy of varidase versus streptokinase or urokinase for liquefying thick purulent exudative material from loculated empyema. Lung 2000;178(1):13-18
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simpson G, Roomes D, Heron M. Effects of streptokinase and deoxyribonuclease on viscosity of human surgical and empyema pus. Chest 2000;117(6):1728-33
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rahman NM, Maskell NA, West A, et al. Intrapleural use of tissue plasminogen activator and DNase in pleural infection. N Engl. J. Med 2011;365(6):518-26
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chung JH, Lee SH, Kim KT, et al. Optimal timing of thoracoscopic drainage and decortication for empyema. Ann Thorac Surg 2014;97(1):224-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marks DJ, Fisk MD, Koo CY, et al. Thoracic empyema: a 12-year study from a UK tertiary cardiothoracic referral centre. PLoS One 2012;7(1):e30074
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suchar AM, Zureikat AH, Glynn L, et al. Ready for the frontline: is early thoracoscopic decortication the new standard of care for advanced pneumonia with empyema? Am Surg 2006;72(8):688-92. discussion 692-683
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mongardon N, Pinton-Gonnet C, Szekely B, et al. Assessment of chronic pain after thoracotomy: a 1-year prevalence study. Clin J Pain 2011;27(8):677-81
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rahman NM, Kahan BC, Miller RF, et al. A clinical score (RAPID) to identify those at risk of poor outcome at presentation in patients with pleural infection. Chest 2014;145(4):848-55
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stefani A, Jouni R, Alifano M, et al. Thoracoplasty in the current practice of thoracic surgery: a single-institution 10-year experience. Ann Thorac Surg 2011;91(1):263-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brutsche MH, Tassi GF, Gyorik S, et al. Treatment of sonographically stratified multiloculated thoracic empyema by medical thoracoscopy. Chest 2005;128(5):3303-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ravaglia C, Gurioli C, Tomassetti S, et al. Is medical thoracoscopy efficient in the management of multiloculated and organized thoracic empyema? Respiration 2012;84(3):219-24
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tacconi F, Pompeo E. Awake pleural decortication for empyema thoracis. In: Pompeo E, editor. Awake thoracic surgery. Bentham Science Publishers Ltd, Dubai, UAE; 2012. p. 141-54
   Google Scholar
• Melton LJ 3rd, Hepper NG, Offord KP. Incidence of spontaneous pneumothorax in Olmsted County, Minnesota: 1950 to 1974. Am Rev Respir Dis 1979;120(6):1379-82
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• West JB. Distribution of mechanical stress in the lung, a possible factor in localisation of pulmonary disease. Lancet 1971;1(7704):839-41
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donahue DM, Wright CD, Viale G, Mathisen DJ. Resection of pulmonary blebs and pleurodesis for spontaneous pneumothorax. Chest 1993;104(6):1767-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lesur O, Delorme N, Fromaget JM, et al. Computed tomography in the etiologic assessment of idiopathic spontaneous pneumothorax. Chest 1990;98(2):341-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bense L, Eklund G, Wiman LG. Smoking and the increased risk of contracting spontaneous pneumothorax. Chest 1987;92(6):1009-12
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tanaka F, Itoh M, Esaki H, et al. Secondary spontaneous pneumothorax. Ann Thorac Surg 1993;55(2):372-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacDuff A, Arnold A, Harvey J. Management of spontaneous pneumothorax: British Thoracic Society pleural disease guideline 2010. Thorax 2010;65(Suppl 2):ii18-31
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Noppen M, Alexander P, Driesen P, et al. Manual aspiration versus chest tube drainage in first episodes of primary spontaneous pneumothorax: a multicenter, prospective, randomized pilot study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002;165(9):1240-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ayed AK, Chandrasekaran C, Sukumar M. Aspiration versus tube drainage in primary spontaneous pneumothorax: a randomised study. Eur Respir J 2006;27(3):477-82
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harvey J, Prescott RJ. Simple aspiration versus intercostal tube drainage for spontaneous pneumothorax in patients with normal lungs. British Thoracic Society Research Committee. BMJ 1994;309(6965):1338-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chee CB, Abisheganaden J, Yeo JK, et al. Persistent air-leak in spontaneous pneumothorax--clinical course and outcome. Respir Med 1998;92(5):757-61
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schoenenberger RA, Haefeli WE, Weiss P, Ritz RF. Timing of invasive procedures in therapy for primary and secondary spontaneous pneumothorax. Arch Surg 1991;126(6):764-6
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tsai WK, Chen W, Lee JC, et al. Pigtail catheters vs large-bore chest tubes for management of secondary spontaneous pneumothoraces in adults. Am J Emerg Med 2006;24(7):795-800
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vedam H, Barnes DJ. Comparison of large- and small-bore intercostal catheters in the management of spontaneous pneumothorax. Intern Med J 2003;33(11):495-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin YC, Tu CY, Liang SJ, et al. Pigtail catheter for the management of pneumothorax in mechanically ventilated patients. Am J Emerg Med 2010;28(4):466-71
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brims FJH, Maskell NA. Ambulatory treatment in the management of pneumothorax: a systematic review of the literature. Thorax 2013;68(7):664-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lai SM, Tee AKH. Outpatient treatment of primary spontaneous pneumothorax using a small-bore chest drain with a Heimlich valve: the experience of a Singapore emergency department. Eur J Emerg Med 2012;19(6):400-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Massongo M, Leroy S, Scherpereel A, et al. Outpatient management of primary spontaneous pneumothorax: a prospective study. Eur Respir J 2014;43(2):582-90
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Voisin F, Sohier L, Rochas Y, et al. Ambulatory management of large spontaneous pneumothorax with pigtail catheters. Ann Emerg Med 2014. [Epub ahead of print]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Massongo M, Leroy S, Scherpereel A, et al. Outpatient management of primary spontaneous pneumothorax: a prospective study. Eur Respir J 2014;43(2):582-90
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Almind M, Lange P, Viskum KAJ. Spontaneous pneumothorax: comparison of simple drainage, talc pleurodesis, and tetracycline pleurodesis. Thorax 1989;44(8):627-30
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cran IR, Rumball CA. Survey of spontaneous pneumothoraces in the Royal Air Force. Thorax 1967;22(5):462-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Massard G, Thomas P, Wihlm JM. Minimally invasive management for first and recurrent pneumothorax. Ann Thorac Surg 1998;66(2):592-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alfageme I, Moreno L, Huertas C, et al. Spontaneous pneumothorax. Long-term results with tetracycline pleurodesis. Chest 1994;106(2):347-50
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olsen PS, Andersen HO. Long-term results after tetracycline pleurodesis in spontaneous pneumothorax. Ann Thorac Surg 1992;53(6):1015-17
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van den Brande P, Staelens I. Chemical pleurodesis in primary spontaneous pneumothorax. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1989;37(3):180-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bille A, Barker A, Maratos EC, et al. Surgical access rather than method of pleurodesis (pleurectomy or pleural abrasion) influences recurrence rates for pneumothorax surgery: systematic review and meta-analysis. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2012;60(6):321-5
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Vohra HA, Adamson L, Weeden DF. Does video-assisted thoracoscopic pleurectomy result in better outcomes than open pleurectomy for primary spontaneous pneumothorax? Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2008;7(4):673-7
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Al-Tarshihi MI. Comparison of the efficacy and safety of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery with the open method for the treatment of primary pneumothorax in adults. Ann Thorac Med 2008;3(1):9-12
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sedrakyan A, van der Meulen J, Lewsey J, Treasure T. Video assisted thoracic surgery for treatment of pneumothorax and lung resections: systematic review of randomised clinical trials. BMJ 2004;329(7473):1008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stathopoulos GT, Kalomenidis I. Malignant pleural effusion: tumor-host interactions unleashed. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2012;186(6):487-92
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar