35
Views
11
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Molecular-targeted therapy in malignant melanoma

&
Pages 567-581 | Published online: 10 Jan 2014

References

  • Jemal A, Thun MJ, Ries LA et al. Annual report to the nation on the status of cancer, 1975–2005, featuring trends in lung cancer, tobacco use, and tobacco control. J. Natl Cancer Inst.100(23), 1672–1694 (2008).
  • Atkins MB, Lotze MT, Dutcher JP et al. High-dose recombinant interleukin 2 therapy for patients with metastatic melanoma: analysis of 270 patients treated between 1985 and 1993. J. Clin. Oncol.17(7), 2105–2116 (1999).
  • Atkins MB, Hsu J, Lee S et al. Phase III trial comparing concurrent biochemotherapy with cisplatin, vinblastine, dacarbazine, interleukin-2, and interferon α-2b with cisplatin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine alone in patients with metastatic malignant melanoma (E3695): a trial coordinated by the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group. J. Clin. Oncol.26(35), 5748–5754 (2008).
  • Camacho LH, Antonia S, Sosman J et al. Phase I/II trial of tremelimumab in patients with metastatic melanoma. J. Clin. Oncol.27(7), 1075–1081 (2009).
  • Hodi FS, Mihm MC, Soiffer RJ et al. Biologic activity of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 antibody blockade in previously vaccinated metastatic melanoma and ovarian carcinoma patients. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA100(8), 4712–4717 (2003).
  • Ribas A, Camacho LH, Lopez-Berestein G et al. Antitumor activity in melanoma and anti-self responses in a Phase I trial with the anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 monoclonal antibody CP-675,206. J. Clin. Oncol.23(35), 8968–8977 (2005).
  • Serrone L, Zeuli M, Sega FM, Cognetti F. Dacarbazine-based chemotherapy for metastatic melanoma: thirty-year experience overview. J. Exp. Clin. Cancer Res.19(1), 21–34 (2000).
  • Chapman PB, Einhorn LH, Meyers ML et al. Phase III multicenter randomized trial of the Dartmouth regimen versus dacarbazine in patients with metastatic melanoma. J. Clin. Oncol.17(9), 2745–2751 (1999).
  • Chiarion Sileni V, Nortilli R, Aversa SM et al. Phase II randomized study of dacarbazine, carmustine, cisplatin and tamoxifen versus dacarbazine alone in advanced melanoma patients. Melanoma Res.11(2), 189–196 (2001).
  • Creagan ET, Suman VJ, Dalton RJ et al. Phase III clinical trial of the combination of cisplatin, dacarbazine, and carmustine with or without tamoxifen in patients with advanced malignant melanoma. J. Clin. Oncol.17(6), 1884–1890 (1999).
  • Falkson CI, Ibrahim J, Kirkwood JM et al. Phase III trial of dacarbazine versus dacarbazine with interferon α-2b versus dacarbazine with tamoxifen versus dacarbazine with interferon α-2b and tamoxifen in patients with metastatic malignant melanoma: an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group study. J. Clin. Oncol.16(5), 1743–1751 (1998).
  • McDermott DF, Sosman JA, Gonzalez R et al. Double-blind randomized Phase II study of the combination of sorafenib and dacarbazine in patients with advanced melanoma: a report from the 11715 Study Group. J. Clin. Oncol.26(13), 2178–2185 (2008).
  • Middleton MR, Lorigan P, Owen J et al. A randomized Phase III study comparing dacarbazine, BCNU, cisplatin and tamoxifen with dacarbazine and interferon in advanced melanoma. Br. J. Cancer82(6), 1158–1162 (2000).
  • Middleton MR, Grob JJ, Aaronson N et al. Randomized Phase III study of temozolomide versus dacarbazine in the treatment of patients with advanced metastatic malignant melanoma. J. Clin. Oncol.18(1), 158–166 (2000).
  • Zimpfer-Rechner C, Hofmann U, Figl R et al. Randomized Phase II study of weekly paclitaxel versus paclitaxel and carboplatin as second-line therapy in disseminated melanoma: a multicentre trial of the Dermatologic Co-operative Oncology Group (DeCOG). Melanoma Res.13(5), 531–536 (2003).
  • Walker L, Schalch H, King DM et al. Phase II trial of weekly paclitaxel in patients with advanced melanoma. Melanoma Res.15(5), 453–459 (2005).
  • Retsas S, Newton KA, Westbury G. Vindesine as a single agent in the treatment of advanced malignant melanoma. Cancer. Chemother. Pharmacol.2(4), 257–260 (1979).
  • Whitehead RP, Moon J, McCachren SS et al. A Phase II trial of vinorelbine tartrate in patients with disseminated malignant melanoma and one prior systemic therapy: a Southwest Oncology Group study. Cancer100(8), 1699–1704 (2004).
  • Jimeno A, Hitt R, Quintela-Fandino M, Cortes-Funes H. Phase II trial of vinorelbine tartrate in patients with treatment-naive metastatic melanoma. Anticancer Drugs16(1), 53–57 (2005).
  • Clamon G, Sinkey C, Jochimsen P. Phase II study of dibromodulcitol and BCNU in metastatic malignant melanoma. Am. J. Clin. Oncol.8(3), 244–246 (1985).
  • Voigt H, Meigel WN, Meissner K et al. [Experiences with high-dose cisplatin therapy in metastasized malignant melanoma]. Onkologie5(3), 120–129 (1982).
  • Avril MF, Aamdal S, Grob JJ et al. Fotemustine compared with dacarbazine in patients with disseminated malignant melanoma: a Phase III study. J. Clin. Oncol.22(6), 1118–1125 (2004).
  • Luikart SD, Kennealey GT, Kirkwood JM. Randomized Phase III trial of vinblastine, bleomycin, and cis-dichlorodiammine-platinum versus dacarbazine in malignant melanoma. J. Clin. Oncol.2(3), 164–168 (1984).
  • Jungnelius U, Ringborg U, Aamdal S et al. Dacarbazine-vindesine versus dacarbazine–vindesine–cisplatin in disseminated malignant melanoma. A randomised Phase III trial. Eur. J. Cancer34(9), 1368–1374 (1998).
  • Bos JL. Ras oncogenes in human cancer: a review. Cancer Res.49(17), 4682–4689 (1989).
  • Ball NJ, Yohn JJ, Morelli JG et al. Ras mutations in human melanoma: a marker of malignant progression. J. Invest. Dermatol.102(3), 285–290 (1994).
  • Platz A, Ringborg U, Brahme EM, Lagerlof B. Melanoma metastases from patients with hereditary cutaneous malignant melanoma contain a high frequency of N-ras activating mutations. Melanoma Res.4(3), 169–177 (1994).
  • van ‘t Veer LJ, Burgering BM, Versteeg R et al. N-ras mutations in human cutaneous melanoma from sun-exposed body sites. Mol. Cell. Biol.9(7), 3114–3116 (1989).
  • Adjei AA. Blocking oncogenic Ras signaling for cancer therapy. J. Natl Cancer Inst.93(14), 1062–1074 (2001).
  • Gajewski TF, Niedzwiecki D, Johnson J et al. Phase II study of the farnesyltransferase inhibitor R115777 in advanced melanoma: CALGB 500104. J. Clin. Oncol.24(18 Suppl.) (2006) (Abstract 8014).
  • Beeram M, Patnaik A, Rowinsky EK. Raf: a strategic target for therapeutic development against cancer. J. Clin. Oncol.23(27), 6771–6790 (2005).
  • Wajapeyee N, Serra RW, Zhu X, Mahalingam M, Green MR. Oncogenic BRAF induces senescence and apoptosis through pathways mediated by the secreted protein IGFBP7. Cell132(3), 363–374 (2008).
  • Sharma A, Trivedi NR, Zimmerman MA et al. Mutant V599EB-Raf regulates growth and vascular development of malignant melanoma tumors. Cancer Res.65(6), 2412–2421 (2005).
  • Eisen T, Ahmad T, Flaherty KT et al. Sorafenib in advanced melanoma: a Phase II randomised discontinuation trial analysis. Br. J. Cancer95(5), 581–586 (2006).
  • Flaherty KT, Schiller J, Schuchter LM et al. A Phase I trial of the oral, multikinase inhibitor sorafenib in combination with carboplatin and paclitaxel. Clin. Cancer Res.14(15), 4836–4842 (2008).
  • Smalley KS, Xiao M, Villanueva J et al. CRAF inhibition induces apoptosis in melanoma cells with non-V600E BRAF mutations. Oncogene28(1), 85–94 (2009).
  • Agarwala SS, Keilholz U, Hogg D et al. Randomized Phase III study of paclitaxel plus carboplatin with or without sorafenib as second-line treatment in patients with advanced melanoma. J. Clin. Oncol.25(18 Suppl.) (2007) (Abstract 8510).
  • Fecher LA, Amaravadi R, Schuchter LM. Effectively targeting BRAF in melanoma: a formidable challenge. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res.21(4), 410–411 (2008).
  • Tsai J, Lee JT, Wang W et al. Discovery of a selective inhibitor of oncogenic B-Raf kinase with potent antimelanoma activity. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA105(8), 3041–3046 (2008).
  • Solit DB, Garraway LA, Pratilas CA et al. BRAF mutation predicts sensitivity to MEK inhibition. Nature439(7074), 358–362 (2006).
  • Haass NK, Sproesser K, Nguyen TK et al. The mitogen-activated protein/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase inhibitor AZD6244 (ARRY-142886) induces growth arrest in melanoma cells and tumor regression when combined with docetaxel. Clin. Cancer Res.14(1), 230–239 (2008).
  • Adjei AA, Cohen RB, Franklin W et al. Phase I pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study of the oral, small-molecule mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1/2 inhibitor AZD6244 (ARRY-142886) in patients with advanced cancers. J. Clin. Oncol.26(13), 2139–2146 (2008).
  • Lorusso PM, Adjei AA, Varterasian M et al. Phase I and pharmacodynamic study of the oral MEK inhibitor CI-1040 in patients with advanced malignancies. J. Clin. Oncol.23(23), 5281–5293 (2005).
  • Lorusso P, Krishnamurthi S, Rinehart JR et al. A Phase 1–2 clinical study of a second generation oral MEK inhibitor, PD 0325901 in patients with advanced cancer. J. Clin. Oncol.23(16 Suppl.) (2005) (Abstract 3011).
  • Wymann MP, Marone R. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase in disease: timing, location, and scaffolding. Curr. Opin Cell. Biol.17(2), 141–149 (2005).
  • Guldberg P, thor Straten P, Birck A et al. Disruption of the MMAC1/PTEN gene by deletion or mutation is a frequent event in malignant melanoma. Cancer Res.57(17), 3660–3663 (1997).
  • Tsao H, Zhang X, Benoit E, Haluska FG. Identification of PTEN/MMAC1 alterations in uncultured melanomas and melanoma cell lines. Oncogene16(26), 3397–3402 (1998).
  • Tsao H, Zhang X, Fowlkes K, Haluska FG. Relative reciprocity of NRAS and PTEN/MMAC1 alterations in cutaneous melanoma cell lines. Cancer Res.60(7), 1800–1804 (2000).
  • Margolin K, Longmate J, Baratta T et al. CCI-779 in metastatic melanoma: a Phase II trial of the California Cancer Consortium. Cancer104(5), 1045–1048 (2005).
  • Thallinger C, Poeppl W, Pratscher B et al. CCI-779 plus cisplatin is highly effective against human melanoma in a SCID mouse xenotranplantation model. Pharmacology79(4), 207–213 (2007).
  • Thallinger C, Werzowa J, Poeppl W et al. Comparison of a treatment strategy combining CCI-779 plus DTIC versus DTIC monotreatment in human melanoma in SCID mice. J. Invest. Dermatol.127(10), 2411–2417 (2007).
  • Nakahara M, Isozaki K, Hirota S et al. A novel gain-of-function mutation of c-kit gene in gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Gastroenterology115(5), 1090–1095 (1998).
  • Heinrich MC, Corless CL, Duensing A et al. PDGFRA activating mutations in gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Science299(5607), 708–710 (2003).
  • Taniguchi M, Nishida T, Hirota S et al. Effect of c-kit mutation on prognosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Cancer Res.59(17), 4297–4300 (1999).
  • Faivre S, Delbaldo C, Vera K et al. Safety, pharmacokinetic, and antitumor activity of SU11248, a novel oral multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in patients with cancer. J. Clin. Oncol.24(1), 25–35 (2006).
  • Willmore-Payne C, Holden JA, Tripp S, Layfield LJ. Human malignant melanoma: detection of BRAF- and c-kit-activating mutations by high-resolution amplicon melting analysis. Hum. Pathol.36(5), 486–493 (2005).
  • Shen SS, Zhang PS, Eton O, Prieto VG. Analysis of protein tyrosine kinase expression in melanocytic lesions by tissue array. J. Cutan. Pathol.30(9), 539–547 (2003).
  • Ugurel S, Hildenbrand R, Zimpfer A et al. Lack of clinical efficacy of imatinib in metastatic melanoma. Br. J. Cancer92(8), 1398–1405 (2005).
  • Wyman K, Atkins MB, Prieto V et al. Multicenter Phase II trial of high-dose imatinib mesylate in metastatic melanoma: significant toxicity with no clinical efficacy. Cancer106(9), 2005–2011 (2006).
  • Beadling C, Jacobson-Dunlop E, Hodi FS et al.KIT gene mutations and copy number in melanoma subtypes. Clin. Cancer Res.14(21), 6821–6828 (2008).
  • Curtin JA, Busam K, Pinkel D, Bastian BC. Somatic activation of KIT in distinct subtypes of melanoma. J. Clin. Oncol.24(26), 4340–4346 (2006).
  • Ashida A, Takata M, Murata H, Kido K, Saida T. Pathological activation of KIT in metastatic tumors of acral and mucosal melanomas. Int. J. Cancer124(4), 862–868 (2009).
  • Hodi FS, Friedlander P, Corless CL et al. Major response to imatinib mesylate in KIT-mutated melanoma. J. Clin. Oncol.26(12), 2046–2051 (2008).
  • Chaudhury TK, Lerner MP, Nordquist RE. Angiogenesis by human melanoma and breast cancer cells. Cancer Lett.11(1), 43–49 (1980).
  • Folkman J, Merler E, Abernathy C, Williams G. Isolation of a tumor factor responsible for angiogenesis. J. Exp. Med.133(2), 275–288 (1971).
  • Hubler WR Jr, Wolf JE Jr. Melanoma. Tumor angiogenesis and human neoplasia. Cancer38(1), 187–192 (1976).
  • Pawlak WZ, Legha SS. Phase II study of thalidomide in patients with metastatic melanoma. Melanoma Res.14(1), 57–62 (2004).
  • Reiriz AB, Richter MF, Fernandes S et al. Phase II study of thalidomide in patients with metastatic malignant melanoma. Melanoma Res.14(6), 527–531 (2004).
  • Danson S, Lorigan P, Arance A et al. Randomized Phase II study of temozolomide given every 8 hours or daily with either interferon a-2b or thalidomide in metastatic malignant melanoma. J. Clin. Oncol.21(13), 2551–2557 (2003).
  • Hwu WJ, Krown SE, Menell JH et al. Phase II study of temozolomide plus thalidomide for the treatment of metastatic melanoma. J. Clin. Oncol.21(17), 3351–3356 (2003).
  • Hwu WJ, Krown SE, Panageas KS et al. Temozolomide plus thalidomide in patients with advanced melanoma: results of a dose-finding trial. J. Clin. Oncol.20(11), 2610–2615 (2002).
  • Laber DA, Okeke RI, Arce-Lara C et al. A Phase II study of extended dose temozolomide and thalidomide in previously treated patients with metastatic melanoma. J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol.132(9), 611–616 (2006).
  • Atkins MB, Sosman JA, Agarwala S et al. Temozolomide, thalidomide, and whole brain radiation therapy for patients with brain metastasis from metastatic melanoma: a Phase II Cytokine Working Group study. Cancer113(8), 2139–2145 (2008).
  • Hwu WJ, Lis E, Menell JH et al. Temozolomide plus thalidomide in patients with brain metastases from melanoma: a Phase II study. Cancer103(12), 2590–2597 (2005).
  • Krown SE, Niedzwiecki D, Hwu WJ et al. Phase II study of temozolomide and thalidomide in patients with metastatic melanoma in the brain: high rate of thromboembolic events (CALGB 500102). Cancer107(8), 1883–1890 (2006).
  • Fruehauf JP, Lutzky J, McDermott DF et al.Axitinib (AG-013736) in patients with metastatic melanoma: a Phase II study. J. Clin. Oncol.26, 9006 (2008).
  • Varker KA, Biber JE, Kefauver C et al. A randomized Phase 2 trial of bevacizumab with or without daily low-dose interferon α-2b in metastatic malignant melanoma. Ann. Surg. Oncol.14(8), 2367–2376 (2007).
  • Gonzalez-Cao M, Viteri S, Diaz-Lagares A et al. Preliminary results of the combination of bevacizumab and weekly paclitaxel in advanced melanoma. Oncology74(1–2), 12–16 (2008).
  • Perez DG, Suman VJ, Fitch TR et al. Phase 2 trial of carboplatin, weekly paclitaxel, and biweekly bevacizumab in patients with unresectable stage IV melanoma: a North Central Cancer Treatment Group study, N047A. Cancer115(1), 119–127 (2009).
  • Grossman D, McNiff JM, Li F, Altieri DC. Expression and targeting of the apoptosis inhibitor, survivin, in human melanoma. J. Invest. Dermatol.113(6), 1076–1081 (1999).
  • Panka DJ, Mano T, Suhara T, Walsh K, Mier JW. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt activity regulates c-FLIP expression in tumor cells. J. Biol. Chem.276(10), 6893–6896 (2001).
  • Selzer E, Schlagbauer-Wadl H, Okamoto I et al. Expression of Bcl-2 family members in human melanocytes, in melanoma metastases and in melanoma cell lines. Melanoma Res.8(3), 197–203 (1998).
  • Tang L, Tron VA, Reed JC et al. Expression of apoptosis regulators in cutaneous malignant melanoma. Clin. Cancer Res.4(8), 1865–1871 (1998).
  • Jansen B, Schlagbauer-Wadl H, Brown BD et al. bcl-2 antisense therapy chemosensitizes human melanoma in SCID mice. Nat. Med.4(2), 232–234 (1998).
  • Jansen B, Wacheck V, Heere-Ress E et al. Chemosensitisation of malignant melanoma by BCL2 antisense therapy. Lancet356(9243), 1728–1733 (2000).
  • Bedikian AY, Millward M, Pehamberger H et al. Bcl-2 antisense (oblimersen sodium) plus dacarbazine in patients with advanced melanoma: the Oblimersen Melanoma Study Group. J. Clin. Oncol.24(29), 4738–4745 (2006).
  • Cragg MS, Jansen ES, Cook M et al. Treatment of B-RAF mutant human tumor cells with a MEK inhibitor requires Bim and is enhanced by a BH3 mimetic. J. Clin. Invest.118(11), 3651–3659 (2008).
  • Miller LA, Goldstein NB, Johannes WU et al. BH3 mimetic ABT-737 and a proteasome inhibitor synergistically kill melanomas through noxa-dependent apoptosis. J. Invest. Dermatol.129, 964–971 (2009).
  • Sullivan RJ, Cohen MB, Atkins MB, Mier J, Cho D. In vitro synergy of the combination of sorafenib and abt-737 in melanoma cell lines. Presented at: 2009 AACR Annual Meeting. Denver, CO, USA, 18–22 April 2009 (Abstract 5501).
  • Hassan M, Alaoui A, Feyen O et al. The BH3-only member Noxa causes apoptosis in melanoma cells by multiple pathways. Oncogene27(33), 4557–4568 (2008).
  • Qin JZ, Ziffra J, Stennett L et al. Proteasome inhibitors trigger NOXA-mediated apoptosis in melanoma and myeloma cells. Cancer Res.65(14), 6282–6293 (2005).
  • Amiri KI, Horton LW, LaFleur BJ, Sosman JA, Richmond A. Augmenting chemosensitivity of malignant melanoma tumors via proteasome inhibition: implication for bortezomib (VELCADE, PS-341) as a therapeutic agent for malignant melanoma. Cancer Res.64(14), 4912–4918 (2004).
  • Markovic SN, Geyer SM, Dawkins F et al. A Phase II study of bortezomib in the treatment of metastatic malignant melanoma. Cancer103(12), 2584–2589 (2005).
  • Gradilone A, Gazzaniga P, Ribuffo D et al.Survivin, bcl-2, bax, and bcl-X gene expression in sentinel lymph nodes from melanoma patients. J. Clin. Oncol.21(2), 306–312 (2003).
  • Piras F, Murtas D, Minerba L et al. Nuclear survivin is associated with disease recurrence and poor survival in patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma. Histopathology50(7), 835–842 (2007).
  • Takeuchi H, Morton DL, Elashoff D, Hoon DS. Survivin expression by metastatic melanoma predicts poor disease outcome in patients receiving adjuvant polyvalent vaccine. Int. J. Cancer117(6), 1032–1038 (2005).
  • Grossman D, Kim PJ, Schechner JS, Altieri DC. Inhibition of melanoma tumor growth in vivo by survivin targeting. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA98(2), 635–640 (2001).
  • Gonzalez R, Lewis K, Samlowski W et al. A Phase II study of YM155, a novel survivin suppressant, administered by 168 hour continuous infusion in patients with unresectable stage III or stage IV melanoma. J. Clin. Oncol.25(18 Suppl.) (2007) (Abstract 8538).
  • Kirshner JR, He S, Balasubramanyam V et al. Elesclomol induces cancer cell apoptosis through oxidative stress. Mol. Cancer. Ther.7(8), 2319–2327 (2008).
  • Gonzalez R, Lawson DH, Weber RW et al. Phase II trial of elesclomol (formerly STA-4783) and paclitaxel in stage IV metastatic melanoma (MM): subgroup analysis by prior chemotherapy. J. Clin. Oncol.26(Suppl.) (2008) (Abstract 9036).
  • Zhang L, Huang J, Yang N et al. microRNAs exhibit high frequency genomic alterations in human cancer. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA103(24), 9136–9141 (2006).
  • Gaur A, Jewell DA, Liang Y et al. Characterization of microRNA expression levels and their biological correlates in human cancer cell lines. Cancer Res.67(6), 2456–2468 (2007).
  • Molnar V, Tamasi V, Bakos B, Wiener Z, Falus A. Changes in miRNA expression in solid tumors: an miRNA profiling in melanomas. Sem. Cancer Biol.18(2), 111–122 (2008).

Website

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.