References
- Inglese M. Multiple sclerosis: new insights and trends. AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol.27, 954–957 (2006).
- Frohman EM, Stuve O, Havrdova E et al. Therapeutic considerations for disease progression in multiple sclerosis: evidence, experience, and future expectations. Arch. Neurol.62(10), 1519–1530 (2005).
- Goodin DS, Frohman EM, Garmany GP et al. Disease modifying therapies in multiple sclerosis: report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology and the MS Council for Clinical Practice Guidelines. Neurology58(2), 169–178 (2002).
- Tintoré M. Early MS treatment. Int. MS J.14(3), 75 (2007).
- Trojano M, Pellegrini F, Paolicelli D et al. Real-life impact of early interferon β therapy in relapsing multiple sclerosis. Ann. Neurol.66(4), 513–520 (2009).
- Al-Sabbagh A, Bennett R, Kozma C, Dickson M, Meletiche DM. Medication gaps in disease-modifying drug therapy for multiple sclerosis are associated with an increased risk of relapse: findings from a national managed care database. J. Neurol.255(Suppl. 2), S79 (2008).
- Goldberg LD, Edwards NC, Fincher C, Doan QV, Al-Sabbagh A, Meletiche DM. Comparing the cost–effectiveness of disease-modifying drugs for the first-line treatment of relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis. J. Manag. Care Pharm.15(7), 543–555 (2009).
- Brown BA. Natalizumab in the treatment of multiple sclerosis. Ther. Clin. Risk Manag.5(3), 585–594 (2009).
- Verdun E, Snow T, Russell S. Understanding and meeting the injection device needs of patients with multiple sclerosis: results from an online survey. Patient Pref. Adherence (2011) (In press).
- Costello K, Kennedy P, Scanzillo J. Recognizing nonadherence in patients with multiple sclerosis and maintaining treatment adherence in the long term. Medscape J. Med.10(9), 225 (2008).
- Treadaway K, Cutter G, Salter A et al. Factors that influence adherence with disease-modifying therapy in MS. J. Neurol.256(4), 568–576 (2009).
- Chen CC, Kasven N, Karpatkin HI, Sylvester A. Hand strength and perceived manual ability among patients with multiple sclerosis. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil.88(6), 794–797 (2007).
- Patti F. Optimizing the benefit of multiple sclerosis therapy: the importance of treatment adherence. Patient Prefer. Adherence4, 1–9 (2010).
- Klauer T, Zettl UK. Compliance, adherence, and the treatment of multiple sclerosis. J. Neurol.255(Suppl. 6), 87–92 (2008).
- Osterberg L, Blaschke T. Adherence to medication. N. Engl. J. Med.353(5), 487–497 (2005).
- Devonshire V, Lapierre Y, Macdonell R et al. The Global Adherence Project (GAP): a multicenter observational study on adherence to disease-modifying therapies in patients with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis. Eur. J. Neurol.18(1), 69–77 (2011).
- Steinberg SC, Faris RJ, Chang CF, Chan A, Tankersley MA. Impact of adherence to interferons in the treatment of multiple sclerosis: a non-experimental, retrospective, cohort study. Clin. Drug Investig.30(2), 89–100 (2010).
- Jaber A, Bozzato GB, Vedrine L, Prais WA, Berube J, Laurent PE. A novel needle for subcutaneous injection of interferon β-1a: effect on pain in volunteers and satisfaction in patients with multiple sclerosis. BMC Neurol.8, 38 (2008).
- Lugaresi A. Addressing the need for increased adherence to multiple sclerosis therapy: can delivery technology enhance patient motivation? Expert Opin. Drug Deliv.6(9), 995–1002 (2009).
- Mikol D, Lopez-Bresnahan M, Taraskiewicz S, Chang P, Rangnow J. A randomized, multicentre, open-label, parallel-group trial of the tolerability of interferon β-1a (Rebif) administered by autoinjection or manual injection in relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis. Mult. Scler.11(5), 585–591 (2005).
- Brochet B, Lemaire G, Beddiaf A; l’Epicure Study Group. [Reduction of infection site reactions in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients newly started on interferon β 1b therapy with two different devises]. Rev. Neurol. (Paris)162(6–7), 735–740 (2006).
- Cramer JA, Cuffel BJ, Divan V, Al-Sabbagh A, Glassman M. Patient satisfaction with an injection device for multiple sclerosis treatment. Acta Neurol. Scand.113(3), 156–162 (2006).
- Bayas A, Japp G, Fulda U, Kallmann BA. [Injection devices in the basic therapy of multiple sclerosis. Survey among neurologists, MS nurses and patients]. Nervenheilkunde29, 57–62 (2010).
- Dahlgren J. Easypod: a new electronic injection device for growth hormone. Expert Rev. Med. Devices5(3), 297–304 (2008).
- Giovannoni G, Barbarash O, Casset-Semanaz F et al. Safety and immunogenicity of a new formulation of interferon β-1a (Rebif New Formulation) in a Phase IIIb study in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis: 96-week results. Mult. Scler.15(2), 219–228 (2009).
- McKeage K, Wagstaff AJ. Subcutaneous interferon-β-1a: new formulation. CNS Drugs21(10), 871–876 (2007).
- Devonshire V, Arbizu T, Borre B et al. Patient-rated suitability of a novel electronic device for self-injection of subcutaneous interferon β-1a in relapsing multiple sclerosis: an international, single-arm, multicentre, Phase IIIb study. BMC Neurol.10(1), 28 (2010).
- Devonshire V, Feinstein A, Moriarty P. MEASURE: a Multicentre, single-arm observational, 96-week, Phase IV study to Evaluate treatment Adherence when using RebiSmart™ for Self-injection of Rebif® in mUlti-dose cartridges in subjects with Relapsing multiplE sclerosis. J. Neurol. Sci.285, S203 (2009).
- Baldinetti F, Ghazi-Visser L. Assessment of adherence to subcutaneous interferon β-1a treatment in daily practice among patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis using an electronic self-injection device. J. Neurol.257(Suppl. 1), S191 (2010).
- Singer B, Wray S, Miller T et al. Electronic autoinjector for self-injected subcutaneous interferon β-1a. Int. J. MS Care.12(Suppl. 1), 89 (2010).
- Girouard N, Theoret G. Management strategies for improving the tolerability of interferons in the treatment of multiple sclerosis. Can. J. Neurosci. Nurs.30, 18–25 (2008).
Websites
- WHO. Adherence to long-term therapies – evidence for action. WHO, Geneva, Switzerland, 2003 http://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/collect/medicinedocs/pdf/s4883e/s4883e.pdf (Accessed 14 September 2010)
- EMD Serono Inc. Rebif® US prescribing information. September 2009 www.emdserono.com/cmg.emdserono_us/en/images/rebif_tcm115_19765.pdf (Accessed 13 September 2010)
- Merck Serono Europe Limited. Rebif® European Union summary of product characteristics. September 2010 www.ema.europa.eu/docs/en_GB/document_library/EPAR_-_Product_Information/human/000136/WC500048681.pdf (Accessed 13 September 2010)
- EMD Serono Inc. Rebiject II®. www.rebif.com/pages/starting-rebif/rebiject_ii (Accessed 14 September 2010)
- Merck Serono S.A. RebiSmart™ www.rebismart.com/en/index.html (Accessed 14 September 2010)
- Biogen Idec Inc. Avonex® US prescribing information. October 2008 www.avonex.com/pdfs/pi_luer_lock.pdf (Accessed 13 September 2010)
- Biogen Idec Ltd. Avonex® EU summary of product characteristics, 2009 www.ema.europa.eu/docs/en_GB/document_library/EPAR_-_Product_Information/human/000102/WC500029425.pdf (Accessed 13 September 2010)
- Biogen Idec France. AVOJECT IM®www.biogenidec.fr/avo/avoject.php (Accessed 14 September 2010)
- Union Medico. AVOJECT IM®www.avoject.com (Accessed 14 September 2010)
- Union Medico. Personal Injector™ www.personalinjector.com (Accessed 14 September 2010)
- Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc. Betaseron® US prescribing information, May 2010 http://berlex.bayerhealthcare.com/html/products/pi/Betaseron_PI.pdf (Accessed 13 September 2010)
- Bayer Schering Pharma AG. Betaferon® European Union summary of product characteristics, 2010 www.ema.europa.eu/docs/en_GB/document_library/EPAR_-_Product_Information/human/000081/WC500053225.pdf (Accessed 13 September 2010)
- Bayer HealthCare. Injecting Betaferon® with the Betaject® Comfort www.ms-gateway.com/betaferonreg-user-guide/injecting-betaferonreg-with-the-betajectreg-comfort-159.htm (Accessed 14 September 2010)
- Bayer HealthCare. Injecting Betaferon® with the Betaject® Lite www.ms-gateway.com/betaferonreg-user-guide/injecting-betaferonreg-with-the-betajectreg-lite-160.htm (Accessed 14 September 2010)
- Novartis Europharm Limited. Extavia® European Union summary of product characteristics, August 2010 www.ema.europa.eu/docs/en_GB/document_library/EPAR_-_Product_Information/human/000933/WC500034701.pdf (Accessed 13 September 2010)
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation. Extavia® US prescribing information, August 2009 www.pharma.us.novartis.com/product/pi/pdf/extavia.pdf (Accessed 13 September 2010)
- Novartis. Novartis launches Extavia®, a new therapeutic option to help patients combat devastating symptoms of multiple sclerosis www.novartis.com/newsroom/media-releases/en/2009/1283987.shtml (Accessed 14 September 2010)
- Teva Neuroscience Inc. Copaxone® US prescribing information, 2009 www.copaxone.com/pdf/PrescribingInformation.pdf (Accessed 13 September 2010)
- Teva Pharmaceuticals Ltd. Copaxone® UK summary of product characteristics, 2009 www.medicines.org.uk/EMC/medicine/17516/SPC/Copaxone+20mg+ml%2c+Solution+For+Injection%2c+Pre-Filled+Syringe (Accessed 13 September 2010)
- Owen Mumford. Autoject® 2 www.owenmumford.com/om_drugdelivery/Autoject2.html (Accessed 14 September 2010)
- Teva Neuroscience Inc. What is the Autoject® 2 for glass syringe? www.copaxone.com/faq/copaxfaqs.aspx#wit (Accessed 14 September 2010)
- Merck Serono S.A. iMed www.imed.org/imedOrgApp/index.jsp (Accessed 16 September 2010)
- Lilly USA, LLC. HumaPen® MEMOIR™ www.humalog.com/Pages/humapen-memoir-insulin-pen.aspx (Accessed 29 September 2010)
- Clinicaltrials.gov. Clinical trials of RebiSmart http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?term=rebismart (Accessed 29 September 2010)