74
Views
9
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Special Report

Unifying thoracic biomarkers: surfactant protein-D and beyond

&
Pages 147-154 | Published online: 09 Jan 2014

References

  • Murray CJ, Lopez AD. Global mortality, disability, and the contribution of risk factors: global burden of disease study. Lancet349(9063), 1436–1442 (1997).
  • Franciosi LG, Page CP, Celli BR et al. Markers of exacerbation severity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respir. Res.7, 74 (2006).
  • Cole FS. Surfactant protein B: unambiguously necessary for adult pulmonary function. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol.285(3), L540–L542 (2003).
  • Mori K, Kurihara N, Hayashida S, Tanaka M, Ikeda K. The intrauterine expression of surfactant protein D in the terminal airways of human fetuses compared with surfactant protein A. Eur. J. Pediatr.161(8), 431–434 (2002).
  • Kishore U, Greenhough TJ, Waters P et al. Surfactant proteins SP-A and SP-D: structure, function and receptors. Mol. Immunol.43(9), 1293–1315 (2006).
  • Crouch EC. Surfactant protein-D and pulmonary host defense. Respir. Res.1(2), 93–108 (2000).
  • Wright JR. Immunoregulatory functions of surfactant proteins. Nat. Rev. Immunol.5(1), 58–68 (2005).
  • Erpenbeck VJ, Malherbe DC, Sommer S et al. Surfactant protein D increases phagocytosis and aggregation of pollen-allergen starch granules. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol.288(4), L692–L698 (2005).
  • Atochina EN, Beck JM, Preston AM et al. Enhanced lung injury and delayed clearance of Pneumocystis carinii in surfactant protein A-deficient mice: attenuation of cytokine responses and reactive oxygen–nitrogen species. Infect. Immun.72(10), 6002–6011 (2004).
  • Hartshorn KL, Crouch EC, White MR et al. Evidence for a protective role of pulmonary surfactant protein D (SP-D) against influenza A viruses. J. Clin. Invest.94(1), 311–319 (1994).
  • Hartshorn KL, White MR, Shepherd V, Reid K, Jensenius JC, Crouch EC. Mechanisms of anti-influenza activity of surfactant proteins A and D: comparison with serum collectins. Am. J. Physiol.273(6 Pt 1), L1156–L1166 (1997).
  • LeVine AM, Whitsett JA, Hartshorn KL, Crouch EC, Korfhagen TR. Surfactant protein D enhances clearance of influenza A virus from the lung in vivo. J. Immunol.167(10), 5868–5873 (2001).
  • Hickman-Davis JM, Gibbs-Erwin J, Lindsey JR, Matalon S. Role of surfactant protein-A in nitric oxide production and mycoplasma killing in congenic C57BL/6 mice. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol.30(3), 319–325 (2004).
  • Wert SE, Yoshida M, LeVine AM et al. Increased metalloproteinase activity, oxidant production, and emphysema in surfactant protein D gene-inactivated mice. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA97(11), 5972–5977 (2000).
  • Guo CJ, Atochina-Vasserman EN, Abramova E et al. S-nitrosylation of surfactant protein-D controls inflammatory function. PLoS Biol.6(11), e266 (2008).
  • Wang H, Head J, Kosma P et al. Recognition of heptoses and the inner core of bacterial lipopolysaccharides by surfactant protein D. Biochemistry47(2), 710–720 (2008).
  • Wang L, Brauner JW, Mao G et al. Interaction of recombinant surfactant protein D with lipopolysaccharide: conformation and orientation of bound protein by IRRAS and simulations. Biochemistry47(31), 8103–8113 (2008).
  • Crouch E, McDonald B, Smith K et al. Critical role of Arg/Lys343 in the species-dependent recognition of phosphatidylinositol by pulmonary surfactant protein D. Biochemistry46(17), 5160–5169 (2007).
  • Ogasawara Y, Kuroki Y, Akino T. Pulmonary surfactant protein D specifically binds to phosphatidylinositol. J. Biol. Chem.267(29), 21244–21249 (1992).
  • Seaton BA, Crouch EC, McCormack FX, Head JF, Hartshorn KL, Mendelsohn R. Review: structural determinants of pattern recognition by lung collectins. Innate Immun.16(3), 143–150 (2010).
  • LeVine AM, Elliott J, Whitsett JA et al. Surfactant protein-D enhances phagocytosis and pulmonary clearance of respiratory syncytial virus. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol.31(2), 193–199 (2004).
  • LeVine AM, Kurak KE, Wright JR et al. Surfactant protein-A binds group B streptococcus enhancing phagocytosis and clearance from lungs of surfactant protein-A-deficient mice. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol.20(2), 279–286 (1999).
  • LeVine AM, Whitsett JA, Gwozdz JA et al. Distinct effects of surfactant protein A or D deficiency during bacterial infection on the lung. J. Immunol.165(7), 3934–3940 (2000).
  • Leth-Larsen R, Nordenbaek C, Tornoe I et al. Surfactant protein D (SP-D) serum levels in patients with community-acquired pneumonia small star, filled. Clin. Immunol.108(1), 29–37 (2003).
  • Sørensen GL, Hjelmborg JB, Kyvik KO et al. Genetic and environmental influences of surfactant protein D serum levels. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol.290(5), L1010–L1017 (2006).
  • Duvoix A, Miranda E, Perez J et al. Evaluation of full-length, cleaved and nitrosylated serum surfactant protein D as biomarkers for COPD. COPD8(2), 79–95 (2011).
  • Honda Y, Kuroki Y, Matsuura E et al. Pulmonary surfactant protein D in sera and bronchoalveolar lavage fluids. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.152(6 Pt 1), 1860–1866 (1995).
  • Betsuyaku T, Kuroki Y, Nagai K, Nasuhara Y, Nishimura M. Effects of ageing and smoking on SP-A and SP-D levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Eur. Respir. J.24(6), 964–970 (2004).
  • Mutti A, Corradi M, Goldoni M, Vettori MV, Bernard A, Apostoli P. Exhaled metallic elements and serum pneumoproteins in asymptomatic smokers and patients with COPD or asthma. Chest129(5), 1288–1297 (2006).
  • Hirama N, Shibata Y, Otake K et al. Increased surfactant protein-D and foamy macrophages in smoking-induced mouse emphysema. Respirology12(2), 191–201 (2007).
  • Mason GR, Peters AM, Bagdades E, Myers MJ, Snook D, Hughes JM. Evaluation of pulmonary alveolar epithelial integrity by the detection of restriction to diffusion of hydrophilic solutes of different molecular sizes. Clin. Sci. (Lond.)100(3), 231–236 (2001).
  • Mason GR, Uszler JM, Effros RM, Reid E. Rapidly reversible alterations of pulmonary epithelial permeability induced by smoking. Chest83(1), 6–11 (1983).
  • Schmekel B, Borgstrom L, Wollmer P. Difference in pulmonary absorption of inhaled terbutaline in healthy smokers and non-smokers. Thorax46(4), 225–228 (1991).
  • Winkler C, Atochina-Vasserman EN, Holz O et al. Comprehensive characterisation of pulmonary and serum surfactant protein D in COPD. Respir. Res.12, 29 (2011).
  • Sin DD, Leung R, Gan WQ, Man SP. Circulating surfactant protein D as a potential lung-specific biomarker of health outcomes in COPD: a pilot study. BMC Pulm. Med.7, 13 (2007).
  • Hurst JR, Vestbo J, Anzueto A et al. Susceptibility to exacerbation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N. Engl. J. Med.363(12), 1128–1138 (2010).
  • Lomas DA, Silverman EK, Edwards LD et al. Serum surfactant protein D is steroid sensitive and associated with exacerbations of COPD. Eur. Respir. J.34(1), 95–102 (2009).
  • Vestbo J, Edwards LD, Scanlon PD et al. Changes in forced expiratory volume in 1 second over time in COPD. N. Engl. J. Med.365(13), 1184–1192 (2011).
  • Hant FN, Ludwicka-Bradley A, Wang HJ et al. Surfactant protein D and KL-6 as serum biomarkers of interstitial lung disease in patients with scleroderma. J. Rheumatol.36(4), 773–780 (2009).
  • Hasegawa M, Fujimoto M, Hamaguchi Y et al. Use of serum clara cell 16-kDa (CC16) levels as a potential indicator of active pulmonary fibrosis in systemic sclerosis. J. Rheumatol.38(5), 877–884 (2011).
  • Sims MW, Beers MF, Ahya VN et al. Effect of single vs bilateral lung transplantation on plasma surfactant protein D levels in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Chest140(2), 489–496 (2011).
  • Kodera M, Hasegawa M, Komura K, Yanaba K, Takehara K, Sato S. Serum pulmonary and activation-regulated chemokine/CCL18 levels in patients with systemic sclerosis: a sensitive indicator of active pulmonary fibrosis. Arthritis Rheum.52(9), 2889–2896 (2005).
  • Olesen HV, Holmskov U, Schiotz PO, Sørensen GL. Serum-surfactant SP-D correlates inversely to lung function in cystic fibrosis. J. Cyst. Fibros.9(4), 257–262 (2010).
  • Takahashi H, Fujishima T, Koba H et al. Serum surfactant proteins A and D as prognostic factors in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and their relationship to disease extent. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.162(3 Pt 1), 1109–1114 (2000).
  • Sin DD, Wu L, Man SF. The relationship between reduced lung function and cardiovascular mortality: a population-based study and a systematic review of the literature. Chest127(6), 1952–1959 (2005).
  • Hole DJ, Watt GC, Davey-Smith G, Hart CL, Gillis CR, Hawthorne VM. Impaired lung function and mortality risk in men and women: findings from the Renfrew and Paisley prospective population study. BMJ313(7059), 711–716 (1996).
  • Anthonisen NR, Connett JE, Kiley JP et al. Effects of smoking intervention and the use of an inhaled anticholinergic bronchodilator on the rate of decline of FEV1. The lung health study. JAMA272(19), 1497–1505 (1994).
  • Soriano JB, Rigo F, Guerrero D et al. High prevalence of undiagnosed airflow limitation in patients with cardiovascular disease. Chest137(2), 333–340 (2010).
  • Hogg JC. Pathophysiology of airflow limitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Lancet364(9435), 709–721 (2004).
  • Willemse BW, ten Hacken NH, Rutgers B, Lesman-Leegte IG, Postma DS, Timens W. Effect of 1-year smoking cessation on airway inflammation in COPD and asymptomatic smokers. Eur. Respir. J.26(5), 835–845 (2005).
  • Hill J, Heslop C, Man SF et al. Circulating surfactant protein-D and the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Eur. Heart J.32(15), 1918–1925 (2011).
  • Sørensen GL, Madsen J, Kejling K et al. Surfactant protein D is proatherogenic in mice. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.290(6), H2286–H2294 (2006).
  • Sims MW, Tal-Singer RM, Kierstein S et al. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and inhaled steroids alter surfactant protein D (SP-D) levels: a cross-sectional study. Respir. Res.9, 13 (2008).
  • LeVine AM, Bruno MD, Huelsman KM, Ross GF, Whitsett JA, Korfhagen TR. Surfactant protein A-deficient mice are susceptible to group B streptococcal infection. J. Immunol.158(9), 4336–4340 (1997).
  • Bridges JP, Davis HW, Damodarasamy M et al. Pulmonary surfactant proteins A and D are potent endogenous inhibitors of lipid peroxidation and oxidative cellular injury. J. Biol. Chem.275(49), 38848–38855 (2000).
  • Korfhagen TR, Bruno MD, Ross GF et al. Altered surfactant function and structure in SP-A gene targeted mice. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA93(18), 9594–9599 (1996).
  • Ishikawa N, Hattori N, Tanaka S et al. Levels of surfactant proteins A and D and KL-6 are elevated in the induced sputum of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients: a sequential sputum analysis. Respiration82(1), 10–18 (2011).
  • Mazur W, Toljamo T, Ohlmeier S et al. Elevation of surfactant protein A in plasma and sputum in cigarette smokers. Eur. Respir. J.38(2), 277–284 (2011).
  • Honda Y, Takahashi H, Kuroki Y, Akino T, Abe S. Decreased contents of surfactant proteins A and D in BAL fluids of healthy smokers. Chest109(4), 1006–1009 (1996).
  • Ilumets H, Mazur W, Toljamo T et al. Ageing and smoking contribute to plasma surfactant proteins and protease imbalance with correlations to airway obstruction. BMC Pulm. Med.11, 19 (2011).
  • Krol S, Ross M, Sieber M, Kunneke S, Galla HJ, Janshoff A. Formation of three-dimensional protein–lipid aggregates in monolayer films induced by surfactant protein B. Biophys. J.79(2), 904–918 (2000).
  • Oviedo JM, Casals C, Perez-Gil J. Pulmonary surfactant protein SP-B is significantly more immunoreactive in anionic than in zwitterionic bilayers. FEBS Lett.494(3), 236–240 (2001).
  • Clark JC, Wert SE, Bachurski CJ et al. Targeted disruption of the surfactant protein B gene disrupts surfactant homeostasis, causing respiratory failure in newborn mice. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA92(17), 7794–7798 (1995).
  • Hawgood S, Derrick M, Poulain F. Structure and properties of surfactant protein B. Biochim. Biophys. Acta1408(2–3), 150–160 (1998).
  • Nogee LM, de Mello DE, Dehner LP, Colten HR. Brief report: deficiency of pulmonary surfactant protein B in congenital alveolar proteinosis. N. Engl. J. Med.328(6), 406–410 (1993).
  • Tafel O, Latzin P, Paul K, Winter T, Woischnik M, Griese M. Surfactant proteins SP-B and SP-C and their precursors in bronchoalveolar lavages from children with acute and chronic inflammatory airway disease. BMC Pulm. Med.8, 6 (2008).
  • Baekvad-Hansen M, Nordestgaard BG, Dahl M. Surfactant protein B polymorphisms, pulmonary function and COPD in 10,231 individuals. Eur. Respir. J.37(4), 791–799 (2011).
  • Greene KE, Wright JR, Steinberg KP et al. Serial changes in surfactant-associated proteins in lung and serum before and after onset of ARDS. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.160(6), 1843–1850 (1999).
  • Kerr MH, Paton JY. Surfactant protein levels in severe respiratory syncytial virus infection. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.159(4 Pt 1), 1115–1118 (1999).
  • Pascual-Figal DA, Sánchez-Más J, de la Morena G et al. Pulmonary surfactant protein B in the peripheral circulation and functional impairment in patients with chronic heart failure. Rev. Esp. Cardiol.62(2), 136–142 (2009).
  • Umland TC, Swaminathan S, Singh G et al. Structure of a human Clara cell phospholipid-binding protein–ligand complex at 1.9 A resolution. Nat. Struct. Biol.1(8), 538–545 (1994).
  • Yoneda K. Ultrastructural localization of phospholipases in the Clara cell of the rat bronchiole. Am. J. Pathol.93(3), 745–752 (1978).
  • Van Vyve T, Chanez P, Bernard A et al. Protein content in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with asthma and control subjects. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol.95(1 Pt 1), 60–68 (1995).
  • Benson M, Jansson L, Adner M, Luts A, Uddman R, Cardell LO. Gene profiling reveals decreased expression of uteroglobin and other anti-inflammatory genes in nasal fluid cells from patients with intermittent allergic rhinitis. Clin. Exp. Allergy35(4), 473–478 (2005).
  • Lakind JS, Holgate ST, Ownby DR et al. A critical review of the use of Clara cell secretory protein (CC16) as a biomarker of acute or chronic pulmonary effects. Biomarkers12(5), 445–467 (2007).
  • Bernard A, Marchandise FX, Depelchin S, Lauwerys R, Sibille Y. Clara cell protein in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage. Eur. Respir. J.5(10), 1231–1238 (1992).
  • Lomas DA, Silverman EK, Edwards LD, Miller BE, Coxson HO, Tal-Singer R. Evaluation of serum CC-16 as a biomarker for COPD in the ECLIPSE cohort. Thorax63(12), 1058–1063 (2008).
  • Pilette C, Godding V, Kiss R et al. Reduced epithelial expression of secretory component in small airways correlates with airflow obstruction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.163(1), 185–194 (2001).
  • Shijubo N, Itoh Y, Yamaguchi T et al. Serum and BAL Clara cell 10 kDa protein (CC10) levels and CC10-positive bronchiolar cells are decreased in smokers. Eur. Respir. J.10(5), 1108–1114 (1997).
  • Alexis NE, Lay JC, Haczku A et al. Fluticasone propionate protects against ozone-induced airway inflammation and modified immune cell activation markers in healthy volunteers. Environ. Health Perspect.116(6), 799–805 (2008).
  • Mattsson J, Remberger M, Andersson O, Sundberg B, Nord M. Decreased serum levels of clara cell secretory protein (CC16) are associated with bronchiolitis obliterans and may permit early diagnosis in patients after allogeneic stem-cell transplantation. Transplantation79(10), 1411–1416 (2005).
  • Shijubo N, Itoh Y, Yamaguchi T et al. Serum levels of Clara cell 10-kDa protein are decreased in patients with asthma. Lung177(1), 45–52 (1999).
  • Diamond JM, Kawut SM, Lederer DJ et al. Elevated plasma clara cell secretory protein concentration is associated with high-grade primary graft dysfunction. Am. J. Transplant.11(3), 561–567 (2011).
  • Gunther C, Bello-Fernandez C, Kopp T et al. CCL18 is expressed in atopic dermatitis and mediates skin homing of human memory T cells. J. Immunol.174(3), 1723–1728 (2005).
  • Schutyser E, Richmond A, Van Damme J. Involvement of CC chemokine ligand 18 (CCL18) in normal and pathological processes. J. Leukoc. Biol.78(1), 14–26 (2005).
  • Sin DD, Miller BE, Duvoix A et al. Serum PARC/CCL-18 concentrations and health outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.183(9), 1187–1192 (2011).
  • Man SF, Xuekui Z, Vessey R et al. The effects of inhaled and oral corticosteroids on serum inflammatory biomarkers in COPD: an exploratory study. Ther. Adv. Respir. Dis.3(2), 73–80 (2009).
  • Kraaijeveld AO, de Jager SC, de Jager WJ et al. CC chemokine ligand-5 (CCL5/RANTES) and CC chemokine ligand-18 (CCL18/PARC) are specific markers of refractory unstable angina pectoris and are transiently raised during severe ischemic symptoms. Circulation116(17), 1931–1941 (2007).
  • Prasse A, Pechkovsky DV, Toews GB et al. CCL18 as an indicator of pulmonary fibrotic activity in idiopathic interstitial pneumonias and systemic sclerosis. Arthritis Rheum.56(5), 1685–1693 (2007).
  • Struyf S, Schutyser E, Gouwy M et al. PARC/CCL18 is a plasma CC chemokine with increased levels in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Am. J. Pathol.163(5), 2065–2075 (2003).
  • Prasse A, Probst C, Bargagli E et al. Serum CC-chemokine ligand 18 concentration predicts outcome in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.179(8), 717–723 (2009).

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.