Impaired Vascular Endothelial Function is Associated with Peripheral Neuropathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

References

• Feldman EL, Callaghan BC, Pop-Busui R, et al. Diabetic neuropathy. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2019;5(1):41. doi:10.1038/s41572-019-0092-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lai YR, Huang CC, Chiu WC, et al. The role of blink reflex R1 latency as an electrophysiological marker in diabetic distal symmetrical polyneuropathy. Clin Neurophysiol. 2020;131(1):34–39. doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2019.09.022
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elkholy SH, Hosny HM, Shalaby NM, El-Hadidy RA, Abd El-Rahim NT. Blink reflex in type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Clin Neurophysiol. 2014;31(6):552–555. doi:10.1097/WNP.0000000000000103
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perkins B, Bril V. Electrophysiologic testing in diabetic neuropathy. Handb Clin Neurol. 2014;126:235–248. doi:10.1016/B978-0-444-53480-4.00018-7
   Google Scholar
• Dupuis JE, Li J, Callaghan BC, Reynolds EL, London ZN. Bilateral nerve conduction studies in the evaluation of distal symmetric polyneuropathy. Muscle Nerve. 2019;60(3):305–307. doi:10.1002/mus.26616
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tavee J. Nerve conduction studies: basic concepts. Handb Clin Neurol. 2019;160:217–224. doi:10.1016/B978-0-444-64032-1.00014-X
   Google Scholar
• Perkins BA, Olaleye D, Zinman B. Simple screening tests for peripheral neuropathy in the diabetes clinic. Diabetes Care. 2001;24(2):250–256. doi:10.2337/diacare.24.2.250
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gholami F, Nikookheslat S, Salekzamani Y, Boule N, Jafari A. Effect of aerobic training on nerve conduction in men with type 2 diabetes and peripheral neuropathy: a randomized controlled trial. Neurophysiol Clin. 2018;48(4):195–202. doi:10.1016/j.neucli.2018.03.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caselli A, Rich J, Hanane T, Uccioli L, Veves A. Role of C-nociceptive fibers in the nerve axon reflex-related vasodilation in diabetes. Neurology. 2003;60(2):297–300. doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000040250.31755.f9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chapouly C, Yao Q, Vandierdonck S, et al. Impaired Hedgehog signalling-induced endothelial dysfunction is sufficient to induce neuropathy: implication in diabetes. Cardiovasc Res. 2016;109(2):217–227. doi:10.1093/cvr/cvv263
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glovaci D, Fan W, Wong ND. Epidemiology of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. Curr Cardiol Rep. 2019;21(4):21. doi:10.1007/s11886-019-1107-y
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brownrigg JR, de Lusignan S, McGovern A, et al. Peripheral neuropathy and the risk of cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Heart. 2014;100(23):1837–1843. doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2014-305657
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang CP, Lin CC, Li CI, et al. Cardiovascular risk factors increase the risks of diabetic peripheral neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: the Taiwan Diabetes Study. Medicine. 2015;94(42):e1783. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000001783
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vanhoutte PM. Endothelial dysfunction: the first step toward coronary arteriosclerosis. Circ J. 2009;73(4):595–601. doi:10.1253/circj.cj-08-1169
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paneni F, Beckman JA, Creager MA, Cosentino F. Diabetes and vascular disease: pathophysiology; clinical consequences; and medical therapy: part I. Eur Heart J. 2013;34(31):2436–2443. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/eht149
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brunner H, Cockcroft JR, Deanfield J, et al. Endothelial function and dysfunction. Part II: association with cardiovascular risk factors and diseases. J Hypertens. 2005;23(2):233–246. doi:10.1097/00004872-200502000-00001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pyke KE, Tschakovsky ME. The relationship between shear stress and flow-mediated dilatation: implications for the assessment of endothelial function. J Physiol. 2005;568(Pt 2):357–369. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2005.089755
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neunteufl T, Katzenschlager R, Hassan A, et al. Systemic endothelial dysfunction is related to the extent and severity of coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis. 1997;129(1):111–118. doi:10.1016/s0021-9150(96)06018-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Brien MW, Johns JA, Petterson JL, Mekary S, Kimmerly DS. The impact of age and sex on popliteal artery endothelial-dependent vasodilator and vasoconstrictor function. Exp Gerontol. 2021;145:111221. doi:10.1016/j.exger.2020.111221
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu Y, Arora RC, Hiebert BM, et al. Non-invasive endothelial function testing and the risk of adverse outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2014;15(7):736–746. doi:10.1093/ehjci/jet256
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kusumoto FM, Schoenfeld MH, Barrett C, et al. 2018 ACC/AHA/HRS guideline on the evaluation and management of patients with bradycardia and cardiac conduction delay: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association task force on clinical practice guidelines and the heart rhythm society. Circulation. 2019;140(8):e382–e482. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000000628
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gimbrone MA, Garcia-Cardena G. Endothelial Cell Dysfunction and the Pathobiology of Atherosclerosis. Circ Res. 2016;118(4):620–636. doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.115.306301
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ando A, Miyamoto M, Saito N, et al. Small fibre neuropathy is associated with impaired vascular endothelial function in patients with type 2 diabetes. Front Endocrinol. 2021;12:653277. doi:10.3389/fendo.2021.653277
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Bryan R, Kincaid J. Nerve conduction studies: basic concepts and patterns of abnormalities. Neurol Clin. 2021;39(4):897–917. doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2021.06.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vanhoutte PM. Endothelial control of vasomotor function: from health to coronary disease. Circ J. 2003;67(7):572–575. doi:10.1253/circj.67.572
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tanaka A, Tomiyama H, Maruhashi T, et al. Physiological diagnostic criteria for vascular failure. Hypertension. 2018;72(5):1060–1071. doi:10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.118.11554
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takase B, Uehata A, Akima T, et al. Endothelium-dependent flow-mediated vasodilation in coronary and brachial arteries in suspected coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol. 1998;82(12):1535–1539. doi:10.1016/s0002-9149(98)00702-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson TJ, Gerhard MD, Meredith IT, et al. Systemic nature of endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerosis. Am J Cardiol. 1995;75(6):71B–74B. doi:10.1016/0002-9149(95)80017-m
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mitchell GF, Parise H, Vita JA, et al. Local shear stress and brachial artery flow-mediated dilation: the Framingham Heart Study. Hypertension. 2004;44(2):134–139. doi:10.1161/01.HYP.0000137305.77635.68
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flammer AJ, Anderson T, Celermajer DS, et al. The assessment of endothelial function: from research into clinical practice. Circulation. 2012;126(6):753–767. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.093245
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Celermajer DS, Sorensen KE, Bull C, Robinson J, Deanfield JE. Endothelium-dependent dilation in the systemic arteries of asymptomatic subjects relates to coronary risk factors and their interaction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1994;24(6):1468–1474. doi:10.1016/0735-1097(94)90141-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hile C, Veves A. Diabetic neuropathy and microcirculation. Curr Diab Rep. 2003;3(6):446–451. doi:10.1007/s11892-003-0006-0
   Google Scholar
• Hamdy O, Abou-Elenin K, LoGerfo FW, Horton ES, Veves A. Contribution of nerve-axon reflex-related vasodilation to the total skin vasodilation in diabetic patients with and without neuropathy. Diabetes Care. 2001;24(3):344–349. doi:10.2337/diacare.24.2.344
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vallance P, Collier J, Moncada S. Effects of endothelium-derived nitric oxide on peripheral arteriolar tone in man. Lancet. 1989;2(8670):997–1000. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(89)91013-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Forstermann U, Sessa WC. Nitric oxide synthases: regulation and function. Eur Heart J. 2012;33(7):829–837;837a-837d. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehr304
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Veves A, Akbari CM, Primavera J, et al. Endothelial dysfunction and the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthetase in diabetic neuropathy; vascular disease; and foot ulceration. Diabetes. 1998;47(3):457–463. doi:10.2337/diabetes.47.3.457
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Margariti A. Peripheral neuropathy may be a potential risk of cardiovascular disease in diabetes mellitus. Heart. 2014;100(23):1823–1824. doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2014-306258
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arora S, Smakowski P, Frykberg RG, et al. Differences in foot and forearm skin microcirculation in diabetic patients with and without neuropathy. Diabetes Care. 1998;21(8):1339–1344. doi:10.2337/diacare.21.8.1339
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rao Kondapally Seshasai S, Kaptoge S, Thompson A, et al. Diabetes mellitus; fasting glucose; and risk of cause-specific death. N Engl J Med. 2011;364(9):829–841. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1008862
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corretti MC, Anderson TJ, Benjamin EJ, et al. Guidelines for the ultrasound assessment of endothelial-dependent flow-mediated vasodilation of the brachial artery. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002;39(2):257–265. doi:10.1016/s0735-1097(01)01746-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar