190
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Free Triiodothyronine Levels are Related to Executive Function and Scene Memory in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Without Diagnosed Thyroid Diseases

ORCID Icon, , , , , , , , , , , & show all
Pages 1041-1050 | Published online: 05 Apr 2022

References

  • Contreras-Jurado C, Pascual A. Thyroid hormone regulation of APP (beta-amyloid precursor protein) gene expression in brain and brain cultured cells. Neurochem Int. 2012;60(5):484–487. doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2012.01.027
  • Belakavadi M, Dell J, Grover GJ, Fondell JD. Thyroid hormone suppression of beta-amyloid precursor protein gene expression in the brain involves multiple epigenetic regulatory events. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2011;339(1–2):72–80. doi:10.1016/j.mce.2011.03.016
  • Oyanagi K, Negishi T, Tashiro T. Action of thyroxine on the survival and neurite maintenance of cerebellar granule neurons in culture. J Neurosci Res. 2015;93(4):592–603. doi:10.1002/jnr.23519
  • Petersen RC, Roberts RO, Knopman DS, et al. Mild cognitive impairment: ten years later. Arch Neurol. 2009;66(12):1447–1455. doi:10.1001/archneurol.2009.266
  • Luo L, Yano N, Mao Q, Jackson IM, Stopa EG. Thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) in the hippocampus of Alzheimer patients. J Alzheimers Dis. 2002;4(2):97–103. doi:10.3233/JAD-2002-4204
  • Mariani E, Monastero R, Mecocci P, Mecocci P. Mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review. J Alzheimers Dis. 2007;12(1):23–35. doi:10.3233/JAD-2007-12104
  • Chaker L, Wolters FJ, Bos D, et al. Thyroid function and the risk of dementia: the Rotterdam Study. Neurology. 2016;87(16):1688–1695. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000003227
  • Rieben C, Segna D, da Costa BR, et al. Subclinical thyroid dysfunction and the risk of cognitive decline: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016;101(12):4945–4954. doi:10.1210/jc.2016-2129
  • Cappola AR, Arnold AM, Wulczyn K, Carlson M, Robbins J, Psaty BM. Thyroid function in the euthyroid range and adverse outcomes in older adults. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2015;100(3):1088–1096. doi:10.1210/jc.2014-3586
  • Johansson P, Almqvist EG, Johansson JO, et al. Reduced cerebrospinal fluid level of thyroxine in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2013;38(7):1058–1066. doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2012.10.012
  • Davis JD, Podolanczuk A, Donahue JE, et al. Thyroid hormone levels in the prefrontal cortex of post-mortem brains of Alzheimer’s disease patients. Curr Aging Sci. 2008;1(3):175–181. doi:10.2174/1874609810801030175
  • Baldini M, Colasanti A, Orsatti A, Airaghi L, Mauri MC, Cappellini MD. Neuropsychological functions and metabolic aspects in subclinical hypothyroidism: the effects of L-thyroxine. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2009;33(5):854–859. doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2009.04.009
  • Gussekloo J, van Exel E, de Craen AJ, Meinders AE, Frolich M, Westendorp RG. Thyroid status, disability and cognitive function, and survival in old age. JAMA. 2004;292(21):2591–2599. doi:10.1001/jama.292.21.2591
  • Reed HL, Reedy KR, Palinkas LA, et al. Impairment in cognitive and exercise performance during prolonged antarctic residence: effect of thyroxine supplementation in the polar triiodothyronine syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001;86(1):110–116. doi:10.1210/jcem.86.1.7092
  • Chen Z, Liang X, Zhang C, et al. Correlation of thyroid dysfunction and cognitive impairments induced by subcortical ischemic vascular disease. Brain Behav. 2016;6(4):e00452. doi:10.1002/brb3.452
  • Zhang N, Ma Q, Chen XW, et al. [Effects of retinol acid and triiodothyronine on alleviating the impairment of cognitive function by sleep deprivation]. Zhongguo Ying Yong Sheng Li Xue Za Zhi. 2013;29(4):294–297, 300. Chinese.
  • Ichioka S, Terao T, Hoaki N, Matsushita T, Hoaki T. Triiodothyronine may be possibly associated with better cognitive function and less extrapyramidal symptoms in chronic schizophrenia. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2012;39(1):170–174. doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2012.06.008
  • Nomoto S, Kinno R, Ochiai H, et al. The relationship between thyroid function and cerebral blood flow in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease. PLoS One. 2019;14(4):e0214676. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0214676
  • Quinlan P, Horvath A, Wallin A, Svensson J. Low serum concentration of free triiodothyronine (FT3) is associated with increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease. PsychoneuroEndocrinology. 2019;99:112–119. doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.09.002
  • Cho NH, Shaw JE, Karuranga S, et al. IDF diabetes atlas: global estimates of diabetes prevalence for 2017 and projections for 2045. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2018;138:271–281. doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2018.02.023
  • Wang L, Gao P, Zhang M, et al. Prevalence and ethnic pattern of diabetes and prediabetes in China in 2013. JAMA. 2017;317(24):2515–2523. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.7596
  • Alberti KG, Zimmet PZ. Definition, diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Part 1: diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus provisional report of a WHO consultation. Diabet Med. 1998;15(7):539–553. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-9136(199807)15:7<539::AID-DIA668>3.0.CO;2-S
  • Petersen RC, Smith GE, Waring SC, Ivnik RJ, Tangalos EG, Kokmen E. Mild cognitive impairment: clinical characterization and outcome. Arch Neurol. 1999;56(3):303–308. doi:10.1001/archneur.56.3.303
  • Tian S, Huang R, Han J, et al. Increased plasma Interleukin-1beta level is associated with memory deficits in type 2 diabetic patients with mild cognitive impairment. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2018;96:148–154. doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.06.014
  • Nasreddine ZS, Phillips NA, Bedirian V, et al. The montreal cognitive assessment, MoCA: a brief screening tool for mild cognitive impairment. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2005;53(4):695–699. doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.53221.x
  • Viscogliosi G, Chiriac IM, Andreozzi P, Ettorre E. Executive dysfunction assessed by Clock-Drawing Test in older non-demented subjects with metabolic syndrome is not mediated by white matter lesions. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2015;69(10):620–629. doi:10.1111/pcn.12296
  • Leung JL, Lee GT, Lam YH, Chan RC, Wu JY. The use of the Digit Span Test in screening for cognitive impairment in acute medical inpatients. Int Psychogeriatr. 2011;23(10):1569–1574. doi:10.1017/S1041610211000792
  • Chen YL, Chen YH, Lieh-Mak F, Felice M. Semantic verbal fluency deficit as a familial trait marker in schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res. 2000;95(2):133–148. doi:10.1016/S0165-1781(00)00166-9
  • Crowe SF. The differential contribution of mental tracking, cognitive flexibility, visual search, and motor speed to performance on parts A and B of the Trail Making Test. J Clin Psychol. 1998;54(5):585–591. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4679(199808)54:5<585::AID-JCLP4>3.0.CO;2-K
  • Vakil E, Blachstein H, Rochberg J, Vardi M. Characterization of memory impairment following closed-head injury in children using the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT). Child Neuropsychol. 2004;10(2):57–66. doi:10.1080/09297040490911078
  • Won J, Callow DD, Pena GS, et al. Hippocampal functional connectivity and memory performance after exercise intervention in older adults with mild cognitive impairment. J Alzheimers Dis. 2021;82(3):1015–1031. doi:10.3233/JAD-210051
  • Stepien BK, Huttner WB. Transport, metabolism, and function of thyroid hormones in the developing mammalian brain. Front Endocrinol. 2019;10:209. doi:10.3389/fendo.2019.00209
  • Wallis K, Dudazy S, van Hogerlinden M, Nordstrom K, Mittag J, Vennstrom B. The thyroid hormone receptor alpha1 protein is expressed in embryonic postmitotic neurons and persists in most adult neurons. Mol Endocrinol. 2010;24(10):1904–1916. doi:10.1210/me.2010-0175
  • Kotkowski E, Price LR, Franklin C, et al. A neural signature of metabolic syndrome. Hum Brain Mapp. 2019;40(12):3575–3588. doi:10.1002/hbm.24617
  • Rad SK, Arya A, Karimian H, et al. Mechanism involved in insulin resistance via accumulation of beta-amyloid and neurofibrillary tangles: link between type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer’s disease. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2018;12:3999–4021. doi:10.2147/DDDT.S173970
  • Wang SH, Huang Y, Yuan Y, Xia WQ, Wang P, Huang R. LDL receptor knock-out mice show impaired spatial cognition with hippocampal vulnerability to apoptosis and deficits in synapses. Lipids Health Dis. 2014;13:175. doi:10.1186/1476-511X-13-175
  • Park HS, Park SS, Kim CJ, Shin MS, Kim TW. Exercise alleviates cognitive functions by enhancing hippocampal insulin signaling and neuroplasticity in high-fat diet-induced obesity. Nutrients. 2019;11(7):1603. doi:10.3390/nu11071603
  • Cope EC, LaMarca EA, Monari PK, et al. Microglia play an active role in obesity-associated cognitive decline. J Neurosci. 2018;38(41):8889–8904. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0789-18.2018
  • O’Grady JP, Dean DC 3rd, Yang KL, et al. Elevated insulin and insulin resistance are associated with altered myelin in cognitively unimpaired middle-aged adults. Obesity. 2019;27(9):1464–1471. doi:10.1002/oby.22558
  • Akcan N, Bundak R. Accuracy of tri-ponderal mass index and body mass index in estimating insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, impaired liver enzymes or thyroid hormone function and vitamin D levels in children and adolescents. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol. 2019;11(4):366–373. doi:10.4274/jcrpe.galenos.2019.2018.0279
  • Ferrannini E, Iervasi G, Cobb J, Ndreu R, Nannipieri M. Insulin resistance and normal thyroid hormone levels: prospective study and metabolomic analysis. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2017;312(5):E429–E436. doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00464.2016
  • Jayanthi R, Srinivasan AR, Hanifah M, Maran AL. Associations among insulin resistance, Triacylglycerol/High Density Lipoprotein (TAG/HDL ratio) and thyroid hormone levels-A study on Type 2 diabetes mellitus in obese and overweight subjects. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2017;11(Suppl 1):S121–S126. doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2016.12.020
  • Kwon H, Cho JH, Lee DY, et al. Association between thyroid hormone levels, body composition and insulin resistance in euthyroid subjects with normal thyroid ultrasound: the Kangbuk Samsung Health Study. Clin Endocrinol. 2018;89(5):649–655. doi:10.1111/cen.13823
  • Martinez B, Ortiz RM. Thyroid hormone regulation and insulin resistance: insights from animals naturally adapted to fasting. Physiology. 2017;32(2):141–151. doi:10.1152/physiol.00018.2016
  • Jornayvaz FR, Lee HY, Jurczak MJ, et al. Thyroid hormone receptor-alpha gene knockout mice are protected from diet-induced hepatic insulin resistance. Endocrinology. 2012;153(2):583–591. doi:10.1210/en.2011-1793
  • Lin Y, Sun Z. Thyroid hormone potentiates insulin signaling and attenuates hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes. Br J Pharmacol. 2011;162(3):597–610. doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.2010.01056.x
  • Brenta G, Celi FS, Pisarev M, Schnitman M, Sinay I, Arias P. Acute thyroid hormone withdrawal in athyreotic patients results in a state of insulin resistance. Thyroid. 2009;19(6):665–669. doi:10.1089/thy.2009.0108
  • Wang J, Yuan Y, Cai R, et al. Association between plasma levels of PAI-1, tPA/PAI-1 molar ratio, and mild cognitive impairment in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Alzheimers Dis. 2018;63(2):835–845. doi:10.3233/JAD-171038
  • Salazar P, Cisternas P, Martinez M, Inestrosa NC. Hypothyroidism and cognitive disorders during development and adulthood: implications in the central nervous system. Mol Neurobiol. 2019;56(4):2952–2963. doi:10.1007/s12035-018-1270-y
  • Li M, Huang L, Yang D, et al. Atrophy patterns of hippocampal subfields in T2DM patients with cognitive impairment. Endocrine. 2020;68(3):536–548. doi:10.1007/s12020-020-02249-w
  • Huang R, Han J, Tian S, et al. Association of plasma ghrelin levels and ghrelin rs4684677 polymorphism with mild cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetic patients. Oncotarget. 2017;8(9):15126–15135. doi:10.18632/oncotarget.14852
  • Zhang H, Huang R, Tian S, et al. The CC genotype of insulin-induced gene 2 rs7566605 is a protective factor of hypercholesteremia susceptible to mild cognitive impairment, especially to the executive function of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Biomed Res Int. 2020;2020:4935831. doi:10.1155/2020/4935831