Hyperferritinemia Correlates to Metabolic Dysregulation and Steatosis in Chinese Biopsy-Proven Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Patients

References

• Zhou F, Zhou J, Wang W, et al. Unexpected rapid increase in the burden of NAFLD in China from 2008 to 2018: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hepatology. 2019;70(4):1119–1133. doi:10.1002/hep.30702
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Targher G, Tilg H, Byrne C. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a multisystem disease requiring a multidisciplinary and holistic approach. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021;6(7):578–588. doi:10.1016/S2468-1253(21)00020-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Friedman SL, Neuschwander-Tetri BA, Rinella M, Sanyal AJ. Mechanisms of NAFLD development and therapeutic strategies. Nat Med. 2018;24(7):908–922. doi:10.1038/s41591-018-0104-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Torti F, Torti S. Regulation of ferritin genes and protein. Blood. 2002;99(10):3505–3516. doi:10.1182/blood.V99.10.3505
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kernan K, Carcillo J. Hyperferritinemia and inflammation. Int Immunol. 2017;29(9):401–409. doi:10.1093/intimm/dxx031
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fernández-Real J, McClain D, Manco M. Mechanisms linking glucose homeostasis and iron metabolism toward the onset and progression of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2015;38(11):2169–2176. doi:10.2337/dc14-3082
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang W, Xing Y, Shao B. Serum ferritin and the risk of metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies. Biomed Environ Sci. 2021;34(8):623–631. doi:10.3967/bes2021.086
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buzzetti E, Petta S, Manuguerra R, et al. Evaluating the association of serum ferritin and hepatic iron with disease severity in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Liver Int. 2019;39(7):1325–1334. doi:10.1111/liv.14096
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kowdley K, Belt P, Wilson L, et al. Serum ferritin is an independent predictor of histologic severity and advanced fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology. 2012;55(1):77–85. doi:10.1002/hep.24706
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Angulo P, George J, Day C, et al. Serum ferritin levels lack diagnostic accuracy for liver fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014;12(7):1163–1169.e1161. doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2013.11.035
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yao J, Dai Y, Zhang J, Zhang X, Zheng R. Association between serum ferritin level and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in a non-obese Chinese population: a cross-sectional study. Clin Lab. 2019;65(6). doi:10.7754/Clin.Lab.2019.181250
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• You G, Ding J, Shen J, Wang Y, Sun Y. Association between serum ferritin and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease among middle-aged and elderly Chinese with normal weight. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2019;28(4):747–753. doi:10.6133/apjcn.201912_28(4).0011
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pan X, Chen B, Liu W, et al. Circulating iron levels interaction with central obesity on the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a case-control study in Southeast China. Ann Nutr Metab. 2019;74(3):207–214. doi:10.1159/000497228
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Powell E, Wong V, Rinella M. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Lancet. 2021;397(10290):2212–2224. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32511-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Juanola O, Martínez-López S, Francés R, Gómez-Hurtado I. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: metabolic, genetic, epigenetic and environmental risk factors. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(10):5227. doi:10.3390/ijerph18105227
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chalasani N, Younossi Z, Lavine J, et al. The diagnosis and management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: practice guidance from the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. Hepatology. 2018;67(1):328–357. doi:10.1002/hep.29367
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes-20202. Classification and diagnosis of diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2020;43:S14–S31. doi:10.2337/dc20-S002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alberti K, Eckel R, Grundy S, et al. Harmonizing the metabolic syndrome: a joint interim statement of the international diabetes federation task force on epidemiology and prevention; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; American Heart Association; World Heart Federation; International Atherosclerosis Society; and International Association for the Study of Obesity. Circulation. 2009;120(16):1640–1645. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192644
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bedossa P, Poitou C, Veyrie N, et al. Histopathological algorithm and scoring system for evaluation of liver lesions in morbidly obese patients. Hepatology. 2012;56(5):1751–1759. doi:10.1002/hep.25889
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kleiner D, Brunt E, Van Natta M, et al. Design and validation of a histological scoring system for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology. 2005;41(6):1313–1321. doi:10.1002/hep.20701
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pietrangelo A. Iron and the liver. Liver Int. 2016;36:116–123. doi:10.1111/liv.13020
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Handa P, Morgan-Stevenson V, Maliken B, et al. Iron overload results in hepatic oxidative stress, immune cell activation, and hepatocellular ballooning injury, leading to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in genetically obese mice. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2016;310(2):G117–127. doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00246.2015
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ryan J, Armitage A, Cobbold J, et al. Hepatic iron is the major determinant of serum ferritin in NAFLD patients. Liver Int. 2018;38(1):164–173. doi:10.1111/liv.13513
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Al Akl N, Khalifa O, Errafii K, Arredouani A. Association of dyslipidemia, diabetes and metabolic syndrome with serum ferritin levels: a Middle Eastern population-based cross-sectional study. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):24080. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-03534-y
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hevi S, Chuck S. Ferritins can regulate the secretion of apolipoprotein B. J Biol Chem. 2003;278(34):31924–31929. doi:10.1074/jbc.M303081200
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jarvis H, Craig D, Barker R, et al. Metabolic risk factors and incident advanced liver disease in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): a systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based observational studies. PLoS Med. 2020;17(4):e1003100. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1003100
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morwald K, Aigner E, Bergsten P, et al. Serum ferritin correlates with liver fat in male adolescents with obesity. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2020;11:340. doi:10.3389/fendo.2020.00340
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kage M, Aishima S, Kusano H, Yano H. Histopathological findings of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. J Med Ultrason. 2020;47(4):549–554. doi:10.1007/s10396-020-01061-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh S, Allen A, Wang Z, Prokop L, Murad M, Loomba R. Fibrosis progression in nonalcoholic fatty liver vs nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of paired-biopsy studies. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015;13(4):643–654.e641–649; quiz e639–640. doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2014.04.014
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pitisuttithum P, Chan W, Piyachaturawat P, et al. Predictors of advanced fibrosis in elderly patients with biopsy-confirmed nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: the GOASIA study. BMC Gastroenterol. 2020;20(1):88. doi:10.1186/s12876-020-01240-z
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Angulo P, Hui J, Marchesini G, et al. The NAFLD fibrosis score: a noninvasive system that identifies liver fibrosis in patients with NAFLD. Hepatology. 2007;45(4):846–854. doi:10.1002/hep.21496
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tutunchi H, Naeini F, Ebrahimi-Mameghani M, Najafipour F, Mobasseri M, Ostadrahimi A. Metabolically healthy and unhealthy obesity and the progression of liver fibrosis: a cross-sectional study. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol. 2021;45(6):101754. doi:10.1016/j.clinre.2021.101754
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manousou P, Kalambokis G, Grillo F, et al. Serum ferritin is a discriminant marker for both fibrosis and inflammation in histologically proven non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients. Liver Int. 2011;31(5):730–739. doi:10.1111/j.1478-3231.2011.02488.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chan J, Malik V, Jia W, et al. Diabetes in Asia: epidemiology, risk factors, and pathophysiology. JAMA. 2009;301(20):2129–2140. doi:10.1001/jama.2009.726
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar