References
- Poomalar GK. Changing trends in management of gestational diabetes mellitus. World J Diabetes. 2015;6(2):284–295. doi:10.4239/wjd.v6.i2.284
- McIntyre HD, Catalano P, Zhang C, Desoye G, Mathiesen ER, Damm P. Gestational diabetes mellitus. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2019;5(1):47. doi:10.1038/s41572-019-0098-8
- Johns EC, Denison FC, Norman JE, Reynolds RM. Gestational diabetes mellitus: mechanisms, treatment, and complications. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2018;29(11):743–754. doi:10.1016/j.tem.2018.09.004
- Fadl HE, Ostlund IK, Magnuson AF, Hanson US. Maternal and neonatal outcomes and time trends of gestational diabetes mellitus in Sweden from 1991 to 2003. Diabet Med. 2010;27(4):436–441. doi:10.1111/j.1464-5491.2010.02978.x
- Pedersen J. Diabetes and pregnancy; blood sugar of newborn infants during fasting and glucose administration. Ugeskr Laeger. 1952;114(21):685.
- Scholl TO, Sowers M, Chen X, Lenders C. Maternal glucose concentration influences fetal growth, gestation, and pregnancy complications. Am J Epidemiol. 2001;154(6):514–520. doi:10.1093/aje/154.6.514
- Catalano PM, Hauguel-De Mouzon S. Is it time to revisit the Pedersen hypothesis in the face of the obesity epidemic? Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2011;204(6):479–487. doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2010.11.039
- O’Sullivan EP, Avalos G, O’Reilly M, et al. Atlantic Diabetes in Pregnancy (DIP): the prevalence and outcomes of gestational diabetes mellitus using new diagnostic criteria. Diabetologia. 2011;54(7):1670–1675. doi:10.1007/s00125-011-2150-4
- Sudasinghe BH, Wijeyaratne CN, Ginige PS. Long and short-term outcomes of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) among South Asian women - a community-based study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2018;145:93–101. doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2018.04.013
- Murray SR, Reynolds RM. Short- and long-term outcomes of gestational diabetes and its treatment on fetal development. Prenat Diagn. 2020;40(9):1085–1091. doi:10.1002/pd.5768
- Mitanchez D, Yzydorczyk C, Siddeek B, Boubred F, Benahmed M, Simeoni U. The offspring of the diabetic mother--short- and long-term implications. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2015;29(2):256–269.
- Al-Khalifah R, Al-Subaihin A, Al-Kharfi T, Al-Alaiyan S, Alfaleh KM. Neonatal short-term outcomes of gestational diabetes mellitus in Saudi mothers: a retrospective cohort study. J Clin Neonatol. 2012;1(1):29–33. doi:10.4103/2249-4847.92241
- McGuire SF. Understanding the implications of birth weight. Nurs Womens Health. 2017;21(1):45–49. doi:10.1016/j.nwh.2016.12.005
- Clarson C, Tevaarwerk GJ, Harding PG, Chance GW, Haust MD. Placental weight in diabetic pregnancies. Placenta. 1989;10(3):275–281. doi:10.1016/0143-4004(89)90028-3
- Taricco E, Radaelli T, Nobile de Santis MS, Cetin I. Foetal and placental weights in relation to maternal characteristics in gestational diabetes. Placenta. 2003;24(4):343–347. doi:10.1053/plac.2002.0913
- Zhu WW, Yang HX. Diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus in China. Diabetes Care. 2013;36(6):e76. doi:10.2337/dc12-2624
- Zhu L, Zhang R, Zhang S, et al. 中国不同胎龄新生儿出生体重曲线研制 [Chinese neonatal birth weight curve for different gestational age]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi. 2015;53(2):97–103. Chinese.
- Goldstein RF, Abell SK, Ranasinha S, et al. Gestational weight gain across continents and ethnicity: systematic review and meta-analysis of maternal and infant outcomes in more than one million women. BMC Med. 2018;16(1):153. doi:10.1186/s12916-018-1128-1
- Metzger BE, Lowe LP, et al; Group HSCR. Hyperglycemia and adverse pregnancy outcomes. N Engl J Med. 2008;358(19):1991–2002.
- Tripathy D, Carlsson M, Almgren P, et al. Insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity in relation to glucose tolerance: lessons from the botnia study. Diabetes. 2000;49(6):975–980. doi:10.2337/diabetes.49.6.975
- Hanefeld M, Koehler C, Fuecker K, et al. Insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity pattern is different in isolated impaired glucose tolerance and impaired fasting glucose: the risk factor in impaired glucose tolerance for atherosclerosis and diabetes study. Diabetes Care. 2003;26(3):868–874. doi:10.2337/diacare.26.3.868
- Evers IM, Nikkels PG, Sikkema JM, Visser GH. Placental pathology in women with type 1 diabetes and in a control group with normal and large-for-gestational-age infants. Placenta. 2003;24(8–9):819–825. doi:10.1016/S0143-4004(03)00128-0
- Baptiste-Roberts K, Salafia CM, Nicholson WK, Duggan A, Wang NY, Brancati FL. Maternal risk factors for abnormal placental growth: the national collaborative perinatal project. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2008;8:44. doi:10.1186/1471-2393-8-44
- Lao TT, Lee CP, Wong WM. Placental weight to birthweight ratio is increased in mild gestational glucose intolerance. Placenta. 1997;18(2–3):227–230. doi:10.1016/S0143-4004(97)90097-7
- Jiang S, Teague AM, Tryggestad JB, Lyons TJ, Chernausek SD. Fetal circulating human resistin increases in diabetes during pregnancy and impairs placental mitochondrial biogenesis. Mol Med. 2020;26(1):76. doi:10.1186/s10020-020-00205-y
- Hiden U, Glitzner E, Hartmann M, Desoye G. Insulin and the IGF system in the human placenta of normal and diabetic pregnancies. J Anat. 2009;215(1):60–68. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2008.01035.x
- Nascente LMP, Grandi C, Aragon DC, Cardoso VC. Placental measurements and their association with birth weight in a Brazilian cohort. Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2020;23:e200004. doi:10.1590/1980-549720200004
- Grandi C, Veiga A, Mazzitelli N, Cavalli Rde C, Cardoso V. Placental growth measures in relation to birth weight in a Latin American population. Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2016;38(8):373–380. doi:10.1055/s-0036-1586721
- Cosson E, Diallo A, Docan M, et al. Fetal gender is not associated with either gestational diabetes mellitus or placental weight: a cohort study. Diabetes Metab. 2016;42(4):276–279. doi:10.1016/j.diabet.2016.02.006
- Sheiner E, Levy A, Katz M, Hershkovitz R, Leron E, Mazor M. Gender does matter in perinatal medicine. Fetal Diagn Ther. 2004;19(4):366–369. doi:10.1159/000077967
- Retnakaran R, Shah BR. Fetal sex and the natural history of maternal risk of diabetes during and after pregnancy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2015;100(7):2574–2580. doi:10.1210/jc.2015-1763
- Retnakaran R, Kramer CK, Ye C, et al. Fetal sex and maternal risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: the impact of having a boy. Diabetes Care. 2015;38(5):844–851. doi:10.2337/dc14-2551
- Ehrlich SF, Eskenazi B, Hedderson MM, Ferrara A. Sex ratio variations among the offspring of women with diabetes in pregnancy. Diabet Med. 2012;29(9):e273–e278. doi:10.1111/j.1464-5491.2012.03663.x
- Di Renzo GC, Rosati A, Sarti RD, Cruciani L, Cutuli AM. Does fetal sex affect pregnancy outcome? Gend Med. 2007;4(1):19–30. doi:10.1016/S1550-8579(07)80004-0