Advances in Nanomedicines: A Promising Therapeutic Strategy for Ischemic Cerebral Stroke Treatment

References

• Ghaffari A , AkbarfahimiM, RostamiHR. Discriminative factors for post-stroke depression. Asian J. Psychiatr.48, 101863 (2020).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fifield KE , VanderluitJL. Rapid degeneration of neurons in the penumbra region following a small, focal ischemic stroke. Eur. J. Neurosci.52(4), 3196–3214 (2020).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kluge MG , JonesK, KooiOng Let al. Age-dependent disturbances of neuronal and glial protein expression profiles in areas of secondary neurodegeneration post-stroke. Neuroscience393, 185–195 (2018).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chamorro Á , LoEH, RenúA, Van LeyenK, LydenPD. The future of neuroprotection in stroke. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry92(2), 129–135 (2021).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen Z , LiuP, XiaX, WangL, LiX. The underlying mechanism of PM2.5-induced ischemic stroke. Environ. Pollut.310, 119827 (2022).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu Q , YanR, SunJ. Probing the drug delivery strategies in ischemic stroke therapy. Drug Deliv.27(1), 1644–1655 (2020).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kakaletsis N , NtaiosG, MilionisHet al. Time of blood pressure in target range in acute ischemic stroke. J. Hypertens.41(2), 303–309 (2023).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zubair AS , ShethKN. Hemorrhagic conversion of acute ischemic stroke. Neurotherapeutics20(3), 705–711 (2023).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Katsanos AH , MalhotraK, GoyalNet al. Intravenous thrombolysis prior to mechanical thrombectomy in large vessel occlusions. Ann. Neurol.86(3), 395–406 (2019).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu ZH , DengQW, ZhaiQet al. Clinical significance of stroke nurse in patients with acute ischemic stroke receiving intravenous thrombolysis. BMC Neurol.21(1), 359 (2021).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu Y , ChenD, LiuPet al. A triple fusion tissue-type plasminogen activator (TriF-ΔtPA) enhanced thrombolysis in carotid embolism-induced stroke model. Int. J. Pharm.637, 122878 (2023).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Capitanescu C , MacoveiOprescu AM, IonitaDet al. Molecular processes in the streptokinase thrombolytic therapy. J. Enzyme Inhib. Med. Chem.31(6), 1411–1414 (2016).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Florova G , DeVera CJ, EmerineRLet al. Targeting the PAI-1 mechanism with a small peptide increases the efficacy of alteplase in a rabbit model of chronic empyema. Pharmaceutics15(5), DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051498 (2023).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang N , LiC, ZhouDet al. Cyclic RGD functionalized liposomes encapsulating urokinase for thrombolysis. Acta Biomater.70, 227–236 (2018).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zuba V , FuronJ, Bellemain-SagnardMet al. The choroid plexus: a door between the blood and the brain for tissue-type plasminogen activator. Fluids Barriers CNS19(1), 80 (2022).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen S , ChenD, LiuYet al. Enhanced clot lysis by a single point mutation in a reteplase variant. Br. J. Haematol.196(4), 1076–1085 (2022).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johansen MC , CampbellBCV. ANA Investigates: tenecteplase. Ann. Neurol.90(1), 1–3 (2021).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang LC , WeiWY, HoPC, WuPY, ChuYP, TsaiKJ. Somatosensory cortical electrical stimulation after reperfusion attenuates ischemia/reperfusion injury of rat brain. Front. Aging Neurosci.13, 741168 (2021).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garden GA , CampbellBM. Glial biomarkers in human central nervous system disease. Glia64(10), 1755–1771 (2016).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gauberti M , LapergueB, DeMartinez Lizarrondo Set al. Ischemia–reperfusion injury after endovascular thrombectomy for ischemic stroke. Stroke49(12), 3071–3074 (2018).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang CY , ChenJY, WuMH, HuML. Therapeutic treatment with vitamin C reduces focal cerebral ischemia-induced brain infarction in rats by attenuating disruptions of blood–brain barrier and cerebral neuronal apoptosis. Free Radic. Biol. Med.155, 29–36 (2020).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geier EG , ChenEC, WebbAet al. Profiling solute carrier transporters in the human blood–brain barrier. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther.94(6), 636–639 (2013).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Latif S , KangYS. Blood–brain barrier solute carrier transporters and motor neuron disease. Pharmaceutics14(10), DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14102167 (2022).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang W , SigdelG, MintzKJet al. Carbon dots: a future blood–brain barrier penetrating nanomedicine and drug nanocarrier. Int. J. Nanomed.16, 5003–5016 (2021).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mochizuki T , MizunoT, KurosawaTet al. Functional investigation of solute carrier family 35, member F2, in three cellular models of the primate blood–brain barrier. Drug Metab. Dispos.49(1), 3–11 (2021).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Lengerich B , ZhanL, XiaDet al. A TREM2-activating antibody with a blood–brain barrier transport vehicle enhances microglial metabolism in Alzheimer’s disease models. Nat. Neurosci.26(3), 416–429 (2023).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feng W , ChenY. Chemoreactive nanomedicine. J. Mater. Chem. B8(31), 6753–6764 (2020).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagase T , KinK, YasuharaT. Targeting neurogenesis in seeking novel treatments for ischemic stroke. Biomedicines11(10), DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102773 (2023).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sofias AM , LammersT. Multidrug nanomedicine. Nat. Nanotechnol.18(2), 104–106 (2023).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu W , YinN, YangYet al. Rescuing ischemic stroke by biomimetic nanovesicles through accelerated thrombolysis and sequential ischemia–reperfusion protection. Acta Biomater.140, 625–640 (2022).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quan X , HanY, LuPet al. Annexin V-modified platelet-biomimetic nanomedicine for targeted therapy of acute ischemic stroke. Adv. Healthc. Mater.11(16), e2200416 (2022).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen J , JinJ, LiK, ShiL, WenX, FangF. Progresses and prospects of neuroprotective agents-loaded nanoparticles and biomimetic material in ischemic stroke. Front. Cell. Neurosci.16, 868323 (2022).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu D , ChenQ, ChenX, HanF, ChenZ, WangY. The blood–brain barrier: structure, regulation, and drug delivery. Signal Transduct. Target. Ther.8(1), 217 (2023).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guo M , SunX, ChenJ, CaiT. Pharmaceutical cocrystals: a review of preparations, physicochemical properties and applications. Acta Pharm. Sin. B11(8), 2537–2564 (2021).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sasson E , AnziS, BellBet al. Nano-scale architecture of blood–brain barrier tight-junctions. eLife10, e63253 (2021).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Faria-Pereira A , MoraisVA. Synapses: the brain's energy-demanding sites. Int. J. Mol. Sci.23(7), 3627 (2022).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nguyen YTK , HaHTT, NguyenTH, NguyenLN. The role of SLC transporters for brain health and disease. Cell Mol. Life Sci.79(1), 20 (2021).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grube M , HagenP, JedlitschkyG. Neurosteroid transport in the brain: role of ABC and SLC transporters. Front. Pharmacol.9, 354 (2018).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brenza TM , SchlichtmannBW, BhargavanBet al. Biodegradable polyanhydride-based nanomedicines for blood to brain drug delivery. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A106(11), 2881–2890 (2018).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen SQ , WangC, TaoS, WangYX, HuFQ, YuanH. Rational design of redox-responsive and p-gp-inhibitory lipid nanoparticles with high entrapment of paclitaxel for tumor therapy. Adv. Healthc. Mater.7(17), e1800485 (2018).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pathan N , ShendeP. Tailoring of P-glycoprotein for effective transportation of actives across blood–brain-barrier. J. Control. Rel.335, 398–407 (2021).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bai X , MoraesTF, ReithmeierRAF. Structural biology of solute carrier (SLC) membrane transport proteins. Mol. Membr. Biol.34(1–2), 1–32 (2017).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seo E , JeeB, ChungJHet al. Repression of SLC22A3 by the AR-V7/YAP1/TAZ axis in enzalutamide-resistant castration-resistant prostate cancer. FEBS J.290(6), 1645–1662 (2023).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ullman JC , ArguelloA, GetzJAet al. Brain delivery and activity of a lysosomal enzyme using a blood–brain barrier transport vehicle in mice. Sci. Transl. Med.12(545), DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aay1163 (2020).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao Z , UkidveA, KrishnanV, MitragotriS. Effect of physicochemical and surface properties on in vivo fate of drug nanocarriers. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev.143, 3–21 (2019).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anand A , SugumaranA, NarayanasamyD. Brain targeted delivery of anticancer drugs: prospective approach using solid lipid nanoparticles. IET Nanobiotechnol.13(4), 353–362 (2019).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Du Y , GaoJ, ZhangHet al. Brain-targeting delivery of MMB4 DMS using carrier-free nanomedicine CRT-MMB4@MDZ. Drug Deliv.28(1), 1822–1835 (2021).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen X , ZhaoY, HeCet al. Identification of a novel GLUT1 inhibitor with in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor activity. Int. J. Biol. Macromol.216, 768–778 (2022).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strubbe-Rivera JO , ChenJ, WestBA, ParentKN, WeiGW, BazilJN. Modeling the effects of calcium overload on mitochondrial ultrastructural remodeling. Appl. Sci.11(5), DOI: 10.3390/app11052071 (2021).
   Google Scholar
• Wen B , XuK, HuangRet al. Preserving mitochondrial function by inhibiting GRP75 ameliorates neuron injury under ischemic stroke. Mol. Med. Rep.25(5), DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12681 (2022).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collard CD , GelmanS. Pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and prevention of ischemia-reperfusion injury. Anesthesiology94, 1133–1138 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yao J , PengH, QiuYet al. Nanoplatform-mediated calcium overload for cancer therapy. J. Mater. Chem. B10(10), 1508–1519 (2022).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gorica E , CalderoneV. Arachidonic acid derivatives and neuroinflammation. CNS Neurol. Disord. Drug Targets21(2), 118–129 (2022).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Menezes LB , SegatBB, TolentinoHet al. ROS scavenging of SOD/CAT mimics probed by EPR and reduction of lipid peroxidation in S. cerevisiae and mouse liver, under severe hydroxyl radical stress condition. J. Inorg. Biochem.239, 112062 (2023).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Du W , WangJ, ZhouLet al. Transferrin-targeted iridium nanoagglomerates with multi-enzyme activities for cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury therapy. Acta Biomater.166, 524–535 (2023).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kapoor M , SharmaN, SandhirR, NehruB. Effect of the NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin on ischemia–reperfusion hippocampus injury in rat brain. Biomed. Pharmacother.97, 458–472 (2018).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tang X , ZhongW, TuQ, DingB. NADPH oxidase mediates the expression of MMP-9 in cerebral tissue after ischemia–reperfusion damage. Neurol. Res.36(2), 118–125 (2014).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fujii J , OsakiT. Involvement of nitric oxide in protecting against radical species and autoregulation of M1-polarized macrophages through metabolic remodeling. Molecules28(2), DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020814 (2023).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fedotcheva T , ShimanovskyN, FedotchevaN. Specific features of mitochondrial dysfunction under conditions of ferroptosis induced by t-butylhydroperoxide and iron: protective role of the inhibitors of lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening. Membranes13(4), DOI: 10.3390/membranes13040372 (2023).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Łukawski K , CzuczwarSJ. Oxidative stress and neurodegeneration in animal models of seizures and epilepsy. Antioxidants12(5), DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051049 (2023).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee KH , HaSJ, WooJSet al. Exenatide prevents morphological and structural changes of mitochondria following ischaemia–reperfusion injury. Heart Lung Circ.26(5), 519–523 (2017).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peng JF , SalamiOM, HabimanaO, XieYX, YaoH, YiGH. Targeted mitochondrial drugs for treatment of ischemia–reperfusion injury. Curr. Drug Targets23(16), 1526–1536 (2022).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Speijer D . How mitochondria showcase evolutionary mechanisms and the importance of oxygen. BioEssays45(6), e2300013 (2023).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yin X , WangJ, YangSet al. SAM50 exerts neuroprotection by maintaining the mitochondrial structure during experimental cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. CNS Neurosci. Ther.28(12), 2230–2244 (2022).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Monzel AS , EnríquezJA, PicardM. Multifaceted mitochondria: moving mitochondrial science beyond function and dysfunction. Nat. Metab.5(4), 546–562 (2023).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Guan X , WeiD, LiangZet al. FDCA attenuates neuroinflammation and brain injury after cerebral ischemic stroke. ACS Chem. Neurosci. DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00456 (2023).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang J , HuZ, YangSet al. Inflammatory cytokines and cells are potential markers for patients with cerebral apoplexy in intensive care unit. Exp. Ther. Med.16, 1014–1020 (2018).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wytrykowska A , Prosba-MackiewiczM, NykaWM. IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels in gingival fluid and serum of patients with ischemic stroke. J. Oral Sci.58(4), 509–513 (2016).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoshida M , KatoN, UemuraTet al. Time dependent transition of the levels of protein-conjugated acrolein (PC-Acro), IL-6 and CRP in plasma during stroke. eNeurologicalSci7, 18–24 (2017).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Thammisetty SS , PedragosaJ, WengYC, CalonF, PlanasA, KrizJ. Age-related deregulation of TDP-43 after stroke enhances NF-κB-mediated inflammation and neuronal damage. J. Neuroinflamm.15(1), DOI: 10.1186/s12974-018-1350-y (2018).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chen R , JiangG, LiuYet al. Predictive effects of S100β and CRP levels on hemorrhagic transformation in patients with AIS after intravenous thrombolysis: a concise review based on our center experience. Medicine102(38), DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035149 (2023).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang D , YuanD, ShenJet al. Up-regulation of VCAM1 relates to neuronal apoptosis after intracerebral hemorrhage in adult rats. Neurochem. Res.40(5), 1042–1052 (2015).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang D , LiL, ZhangQet al. Combination of electroacupuncture and constraint-induced movement therapy enhances functional recovery after ischemic stroke in rats. J. Mol. Neurosci.71(10), 2116–2125 (2021).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lim S , KimTJ, KimYJ, KimC, KoSB, KimBS. Senolytic therapy for cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury. Int. J. Mol. Sci.22(21), DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111967 (2021).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu YS , ZhangGY, HouY. Theoretical and experimental investigation of the antioxidation mechanism of loureirin C by radical scavenging for treatment of stroke. Molecules28(1), DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010380 (2023).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Preskorn SH . CNS drug development, lessons learned, part 4: the role of brain circuitry and genes – tasimelteon as an example. J. Psychiatr.23(6), 425–430 (2017).
   Google Scholar
• Xiong LL , ChenL, DengIB, ZhouXF, WangTH. P75 neurotrophin receptor as a therapeutic target for drug development to treat neurological diseases. Eur. J. Neurosci.56(8), 5299–5318 (2022).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao N , GaoY, JiaH, JiangX. Anti-apoptosis effect of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury. Apoptosis28(5–6), 702–729 (2023).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matsuoka Y , YamadaKI. Detection and structural analysis of lipid-derived radicals in vitro and in vivo. Free Radic. Res.55(4), 441–449 (2021).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee IS , KullmannS, SchefflerK, PreisslH, EnckP. Fat label compared with fat content: gastrointestinal symptoms and brain activity in functional dyspepsia patients and healthy controls. Am. J. Clin. Nutr.108(1), 127–135 (2018).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morita M , NaitoY, ItohY, NikiE. Comparative study on the plasma lipid oxidation induced by peroxynitrite and peroxyl radicals and its inhibition by antioxidants. Free Radic. Res.53(11–12), 1101–1113 (2019).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoo JY , LeeYJ, KimYJet al. Multiple low-dose radiation-induced neuronal cysteine transporter expression and oxidative stress are rescued by N-acetylcysteine in neuronal SH-SY5Y cells. Neurotoxicology95, 205–217 (2023).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shibuya K , OtaniR, SuzukiYI, KuwabaraS, KiernanMC. Neuronal hyperexcitability and free radical toxicity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: established and future targets. Pharmaceuticals15(4), DOI: 10.3390/ph15040433 (2022).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Homma T , KobayashiS, SatoH, FujiiJ. Edaravone, a free radical scavenger, protects against ferroptotic cell death in vitro. Exp. Cell Res.384(1), 111592 (2019).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fogelholm R , PalomäkiH, EriläT, RissanenA, KasteM. Blood pressure, nimodipine, and outcome of ischemic stroke. Acta Neurol. Scand.109(3), 200–204 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu Y , FengJ, LianNet al. Hydrogen gas alleviates blood–brain barrier impairment and cognitive dysfunction of septic mice in an Nrf2-dependent pathway. Int. Immunopharmacol.85(106585), 21 (2020).
   Google Scholar
• Rao AK , VaidyulaVR, BaggaSet al. Effect of antiplatelet agents clopidogrel, aspirin, and cilostazol on circulating tissue factor procoagulant activity in patients with peripheral arterial disease. Thromb. Haemost.96(6), 738–743 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao Z , MaY, LiuQet al. Effects of different doses of clopidogrel plus early rehabilitation therapy on motor function and inflammatory factors in patients with ischemic stroke. Evid. Based Complement. Alternat. Med.2022, 9692382 (2022).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu Y , YinY, LuQLet al. Vinpocetine in the treatment of poststroke cognitive dysfunction: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine98(6), e13685 (2019).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Milcan A , ArslanE, BagdatogluOTet al. The effect of alprostadil on ischemia–reperfusion injury of peripheral nerve in rats. Pharmacol. Res.49(1), 67–72 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li D , ZhaoS, ZhuBet al. Cinepazide maleate promotes recovery from spinal cord injury by inhibiting inflammation and prolonging neuronal survival. Drug Dev. Res.84(4), 736–746 (2023).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang J , ZhangX, ShangY, ZhangL. Effect of cinepazide maleate on serum inflammatory factors of ICU patients with severe cerebral hemorrhage after surgery. Evid. Based Complement. Alternat. Med.2021, 6562140 (2021).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li L , LouX, ZhangK, YuF, ZhaoY, JiangP. Hydrochloride fasudil attenuates brain injury in ICH rats. Transl. Neurosci.11(1), 75–86 (2020).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kecskés S , MenyhártÁ, BariF, FarkasE. Nimodipine augments cerebrovascular reactivity in aging but runs the risk of local perfusion reduction in acute cerebral ischemia. Front. Aging Neurosci.15, 1175281 (2023).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yuan LL , ChenTY, HuangZQ. Effects of paroxetine hydrochloride combined with idebenone on inflammatory factors and antioxidant molecules in treatment of depression after ischemic stroke. Pak. J. Med. Sci.39(1), 17–22 (2023).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Özalp B , ElbeyH, AydınH, TekkesinMS, UzunH. The effect of coenzyme Q10 on venous ischemia reperfusion injury. J. Surg. Res.204(2), 304–310 (2016).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu CJ , GuoYZ, ZhangYet al. Coenzyme Q10 ameliorates cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in hyperglycemic rats. Pathol. Res. Pract.213(9), 1191–1199 (2017).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Overgaard K . The effects of citicoline on acute ischemic stroke: a review. J. Stroke Cerebrovasc. Dis.23(7), 1764–1769 (2014).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shavlovskaya OA . The assessment of the efficacy of citicoline in the early and recovery stages of stroke. Zh. Nevrol. Psikhiatr. Im. SS Korsakova116(6), 93–97 (2016).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Stein DJ , DanielsWM, SavitzJ, HarveyBH. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor: the neurotrophin hypothesis of psychopathology. CNS Spectr.13(11), 945–949 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hishiyama S , KotodaM, IshiyamaT, MitsuiK, MatsukawaT. Neuroprotective effects of neurotropin in a mouse model of hypoxic–ischemic brain injury. J. Anesth.33(4), 495–500 (2019).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang J , SunR, LiZ, PanY. Combined bone marrow stromal cells and oxiracetam treatments ameliorates acute cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury through TRPC6. Acta Biochim. Biophys Sin.51(8), 767–777 (2019).
   Google Scholar
• Ricci S , CelaniMG, CantisaniTA, RighettiE. Piracetam for acute ischaemic stroke. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev.2012(9), CD000419 (2012).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Azouz AA , HersiF, AliFEM, HusseinElkelawy AMM, OmarHA. Renoprotective effect of vinpocetine against ischemia/reperfusion injury: modulation of NADPH oxidase/Nrf2, IKKβ/NF-κB p65, and cleaved caspase-3 expressions. J. Biochem. Mol. Toxicol.36(7), e23046 (2022).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ren Y , MaX, WangTet al. The cerebroprotein hydrolysate-I plays a neuroprotective effect on cerebral ischemic stroke by inhibiting MEK/ERK1/2 signaling pathway in rats. Neuropsychiatr. Dis. Treat.17, 2199–2208 (2021).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sui R , ZangL, BaiY. Administration of troxerutin and cerebroprotein hydrolysate injection alleviates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by down-regulating caspase molecules. Neuropsychiatr. Dis. Treat.15, 2345–2352 (2019).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fukuta T , Ikeda-ImafukuM, IwaoY. Development of edaravone ionic liquids and their application for the treatment of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Mol. Pharm.20(6), 3115–3126 (2023).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schnaar RL . Gangliosides of the vertebrate nervous system. J. Mol. Biol.428(16), 3325–3336 (2016).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li L , Medina-MenéndezC, García-CorzoLet al. SoxD genes are required for adult neural stem cell activation. Cell Rep.38(5), 110313 (2022).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tian Z , ZhaoQ, BiswasS, DengW. Methods of reactivation and reprogramming of neural stem cells for neural repair. Methods133, 3–20 (2018).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chiang MC , ChengYC, ChenSJ, YenCH, HuangRN. Metformin activation of AMPK-dependent pathways is neuroprotective in human neural stem cells against amyloid-beta-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Exp. Cell Res.347(2), 322–331 (2016).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shi W , BiS, DaiY, YangK, ZhaoY, ZhangZ. Clobetasol propionate enhances neural stem cell and oligodendrocyte differentiation. Exp. Ther. Med.18(2), 1258–1266 (2019).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vicario N , BernstockJD, SpitaleFMet al. Clobetasol modulates adult neural stem cell growth via canonical Hedgehog pathway activation. Int. J. Mol. Sci.20(8), DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081991 (2019).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin B , LuL, WangYet al. Nanomedicine directs neuronal differentiation of neural stem cells via silencing long noncoding RNA for stroke therapy. Nano Lett.21(1), 806–815 (2021).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soares R , RibeiroFF, XapelliSet al. Tauroursodeoxycholic acid enhances mitochondrial biogenesis, neural stem cell pool, and early neurogenesis in adult rats. Mol. Neurobiol.55(5), 3725–3738 (2018).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fernandes MB , CostaM, RibeiroMFet al. Reprogramming of lipid metabolism as a new driving force behind tauroursodeoxycholic acid-induced neural stem cell proliferation. Front. Cell. Dev. Biol.8, 335 (2020).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kemp JA , ShimMS, HeoCY, KwonYJ. ‘Combo’ nanomedicine: co-delivery of multi-modal therapeutics for efficient, targeted, and safe cancer therapy. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev.98, 3–18 (2016).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bilia AR , PiazziniV, GuccioneCet al. Improving on nature: the role of nanomedicine in the development of clinical natural drugs. Planta Med.83(5), 366–381 (2017).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abbasi S , SatoY, KajimotoK, HarashimaH. New design strategies for controlling the rate of hydrophobic drug release from nanoemulsions in blood circulation. Mol. Pharm.17(10), 3773–3782 (2020).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tuguntaev RG , HussainA, FuCet al. Bioimaging guided pharmaceutical evaluations of nanomedicines for clinical translations. J. Nanobiotechnol.20(1), 236 (2022).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vanden-Hehir S , TippingWJ, LeeM, BruntonVG, WilliamsA, HulmeAN. Raman imaging of nanocarriers for drug delivery. Nanomaterials9(3), DOI: 10.3390/nano9030341 (2019).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarkar A , FatimaI, JamalQMSet al. Nanoparticles as a carrier system for drug delivery across blood brain barrier. Curr. Drug Metab.18(2), 129–137 (2017).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu XR , CarrimN, NevesMADet al. Platelets and platelet adhesion molecules: novel mechanisms of thrombosis and anti-thrombotic therapies. Thromb J.14(Suppl. 1), 29 (2016).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kim CR , UemuraT, KitagawaS. Inorganic nanoparticles in porous coordination polymers. Chem. Soc. Rev.45(14), 3828–3845 (2016).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malekkhaiat Häffner S , MalmstenM. Membrane interactions and antimicrobial effects of inorganic nanoparticles. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci.248, 105–128 (2017).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fernandes LF , BruchGE, MassensiniAR, FrézardF. Recent advances in the therapeutic and diagnostic use of liposomes and carbon nanomaterials in ischemic stroke. Front. Neurosci.12, 453 (2018).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vani JR , MohammadiMT, ForoshaniMS, JafariM. Polyhydroxylated fullerene nanoparticles attenuate brain infarction and oxidative stress in rat model of ischemic stroke. EXCLI J.15, 378–390 (2016).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao M , WangC, XieJ, JiC, GuZ. Eco-friendly and scalable synthesis of fullerenols with high free radical scavenging ability for skin radioprotection. Small17(37), e2102035 (2021).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chanaday NL , NosyrevaE, ShinOHet al. Presynaptic store-operated Ca2+ entry drives excitatory spontaneous neurotransmission and augments endoplasmic reticulum stress. Neuron109(8), 1314–1332e5 (2021).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao Y , ShenX, MaR, HouY, QianY, FanC. Biological and biocompatible characteristics of fullerenols nanomaterials for tissue engineering. Histol. Histopathol.36(7), 725–731 (2021).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee HJ , ParkJ, YoonOJet al. Amine-modified single-walled carbon nanotubes protect neurons from injury in a rat stroke model. Nat. Nanotechnol.6(2), 121–125 (2011).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hassanzadeh P , ArbabiE, AtyabiF, DinarvandR. Nerve growth factor–carbon nanotube complex exerts prolonged protective effects in an in vitro model of ischemic stroke. Life Sci.179, 15–22 (2017).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Künzle M , ManglerJ, LachM, BeckT. Peptide-directed encapsulation of inorganic nanoparticles into protein containers. Nanoscale10(48), 22917–22926 (2018).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gao Y , ChenX, LiuH. A facile approach for synthesis of nano-CeO2 particles loaded co-polymer matrix and their colossal role for blood–brain barrier permeability in cerebral ischemia. J. Photochem. Photobiol. B187, 184–189 (2018).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taslimifar M , FaltysM, KurtcuogluV, VerreyF, MakridesV. Analysis of L-leucine amino acid transporter species activity and gene expression by human blood brain barrier hCMEC/D3 model reveal potential LAT1, LAT4, B0AT2 and y+LAT1 functional cooperation. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab.42(1), 90–103 (2022).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daoud WA , XinJH, ZhangYH. Surface functionalization of cellulose fibers with titanium dioxide nanoparticles and their combined bactericidal activities. Surface Sci.599(1–3), 69–75 (2005).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim CK , KimT, ChoiIYet al. Ceria nanoparticles that can protect against ischemic stroke. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.51(44), 11039–11043 (2012).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Estevez AY , PritchardS, HarperKet al. Neuroprotective mechanisms of cerium oxide nanoparticles in a mouse hippocampal brain slice model of ischemia. Free Radic. Biol. Med.51(6), 1155–1163 (2011).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nelson BC , JohnsonME, WalkerML, RileyKR, SimsCM. Antioxidant cerium oxide nanoparticles in biology and medicine. Antioxidants5(2), DOI: 10.3390/antiox5020015 (2016).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Teleanu DM , ChircovC, GrumezescuAM, VolceanovA, TeleanuRI. Impact of nanoparticles on brain health: an up to date overview. J. Clin. Med.7(12), DOI: 10.3390/jcm7120490 (2018).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cui J , ChenX, ZhaiXet al. Inhalation of water electrolysis-derived hydrogen ameliorates cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury in rats – a possible new hydrogen resource for clinical use. Neuroscience335, 232–241 (2016).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xie K , WangY, YinLet al. Hydrogen gas alleviates sepsis-induced brain injury by improving mitochondrial biogenesis through the activation of PGC-α in mice. Shock55(1), 100–109 (2021).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li Z , ChenK, ShaoQet al. Nanoparticulate MgH2 ameliorates anxiety/depression-like behaviors in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis by regulating microglial polarization and oxidative stress. Neuroinflammation20(1), 16 (2023).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cruz CCR , DaSilva NP, CastilhoAVet al. Synthesis, characterization and photothermal analysis of nanostructured hydrides of Pd and PdCeO2. Sci. Rep.10(1), 17561 (2020).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang D , LiuL, WangJet al. Drug-loaded PEG-PLGA nanoparticles for cancer treatment. Front. Pharmacol.13, 990505 (2022).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pastorino L , DellacasaE, PetriniP, MonticelliO. Stereocomplex poly(lactic acid) nanocoated chitosan microparticles for the sustained release of hydrophilic drugs. Mater. Sci. Eng. C76, 1129–1135 (2017).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Azadmanesh J , BorgstahlGEO. A review of the catalytic mechanism of human manganese superoxide dismutase. Antioxidants7(2), DOI: 10.3390/antiox7020025 (2018).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao H , ZhangR, YanX, FanK. Superoxide dismutase nanozymes: an emerging star for anti-oxidation. J. Mater. Chem. B9(35), 6939–6957 (2021).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reddy MK , LabhasetwarV. Nanoparticle-mediated delivery of superoxide dismutase to the brain: an effective strategy to reduce ischemia–reperfusion injury. FASEB J.23(5), 1384–1395 (2009).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petro M , JafferH, YangJ, KabuS, MorrisVB, LabhasetwarV. Tissue plasminogen activator followed by antioxidant-loaded nanoparticle delivery promotes activation/mobilization of progenitor cells in infarcted rat brain. Biomaterials81, 169–180 (2016).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen J , ChengD, LiJet al. Influence of lipid composition on the phase transition temperature of liposomes composed of both DPPC and HSPC. Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm.39(2), 197–204 (2013).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mitragotri S , BurkePA, LangerR. Overcoming the challenges in administering biopharmaceuticals: formulation and delivery strategies. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov.13(9), 655–672 (2014).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andonova V , PenevaP. Characterization methods for solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC). Curr. Pharm. Des. doi:10.2174/1381612823666171115105721 (2017) ( Epub ahead of print).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Partoazar A , NasoohiS, RezayatSMet al. Nanoliposome containing cyclosporine A reduced neuroinflammation responses and improved neurological activities in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in rat. Fundam. Clin. Pharmacol.31(2), 185–193 (2017).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smoleński M , KarolewiczB, GołkowskaAM, NartowskiKP, Małolepsza-JarmołowskaK. Emulsion-based multicompartment vaginal drug carriers: from nanoemulsions to nanoemulgels. Int. J. Mol. Sci.22(12), DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126455 (2021).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elzayat A , Adam-CerveraI, Álvarez-BermúdezO, Muñoz-EspíR. Nanoemulsions for synthesis of biomedical nanocarriers. Colloids Surf. B203, 111764 (2021).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh Y , MeherJG, RavalKet al. Nanoemulsion: concepts, development and applications in drug delivery. J. Control. Rel.252, 28–49 (2017).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burger C , ShahzadY, BrummerA, GerberM, DuPlessis J. Traversing the skin barrier with nano-emulsions. Curr. Drug Deliv.4(4), 458–472 (2017).
   Google Scholar
• Yadav S , GandhamSK, PanicucciR, AmijiMM. Intranasal brain delivery of cationic nanoemulsion-encapsulated TNF-α siRNA in prevention of experimental neuroinflammation. Nanomedicine2(4), 987–1002 (2016).
   Google Scholar
• Azambuja JH , SchuhRS, MichelsLRet al. Nasal administration of cationic nanoemulsions as CD73-siRNA delivery system for glioblastoma treatment: a new therapeutical approach. Mol. Neurobiol.57(2), 635–649 (2020).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghosh B , BiswasS. Polymeric micelles in cancer therapy: state of the art. J. Control. Rel.332, 127–147 (2021).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kotta S , AldawsariHM, Badr-EldinSM, NairAB, YtK. Progress in polymeric micelles for drug delivery applications. Pharmaceutics14(8), DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081636 (2022).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jin GW , RejinoldNS, ChoyJH. Multifunctional polymeric micelles for cancer therapy. Polymers14(22), DOI: 10.3390/polym14224839 (2022).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okamura K , TsubokawaT, JohshitaH, MiyazakiH, ShiokawaY. Edaravone, a free radical scavenger, attenuates cerebral infarction and hemorrhagic infarction in rats with hyperglycemia. Neurol. Res.36(1), 65–69 (2014).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Higashi Y . Edaravone for the treatment of acute cerebral infarction: role of endothelium-derived nitric oxide and oxidative stress. Expert Opin. Pharmacother.10(2), 323–331 (2009).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Le Guyader G , DoB, RietveldIBet al. Mixed polymeric micelles for rapamycin skin delivery. Pharmaceutics14(3), DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14030569 (2022).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shin YB , ChoiJY, ShinDH, LeeJW. Anticancer evaluation of methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(caprolactone) polymeric micelles encapsulating fenbendazole and rapamycin in ovarian cancer. Int. J. Nanomed.8, 2209–2223 (2023).
   Google Scholar
• Jelonek K , LiS, KaczmarczykBet al. Multidrug PLA-PEG filomicelles for concurrent delivery of anticancer drugs – the influence of drug–drug and drug–polymer interactions on drug loading and release properties. Int. J. Pharm.510(1), 365–374 (2016).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cheng CC , LiangMC, LiaoZS, HuangJJ, LeeDJ. Self-assembled supramolecular nanogels as a safe and effective drug delivery vector for cancer therapy. Macromol. Biosci.17(5), DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201600370 (2017).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mura P . Advantages of the combined use of cyclodextrins and nanocarriers in drug delivery: a review. Int. J. Pharm.579, 119181 (2020).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Luo T , WangJ, HaoSet al. Brain drug delivery systems for the stroke intervention and recovery. Curr. Pharm. Des.23(15), 2258–2267 (2017).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar