Symptomatic carotid stenosis and stroke risk in patients with transient ischemic attack according to the tissue-based definition

References

• Clinical alert: Benefit of carotid endarterectomy for patients with high-grade stenosis of the internal carotid artery. National institute of neurological disorders and stroke stroke and trauma division. North American symptomatic carotid endarterectomy trial (nascet) investigators. Stroke 1991;22:816–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stromberg S, Nordanstig A, Bentzel T, et al. Risk of early recurrent stroke in symptomatic carotid stenosis. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2015;49:137–44.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sundararajan V, Thrift AG, Phan TG, et al. Trends over time in the risk of stroke after an incident transient ischemic attack. Stroke 2014;45:3214–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Al-Khaled M, Matthis C, Eggers J. Short-term risk and predictors of stroke after transient ischemic attack. J Neurol Sci 2012;312:79–81.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Desai JA, Abuzinadah AR, Imoukhuede O, et al. Etiologic classification of tia and minor stroke by a-s-c-o and causative classification system as compared to toast reduces the proportion of patients categorized as cause undetermined. Cerebrovasc Dis 2014;38:121–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eliasziw M, Kennedy J, Hill MD, et al. Early risk of stroke after a transient ischemic attack in patients with internal carotid artery disease. CMAJ 2004;170:1105–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fairhead JF, Mehta Z, Rothwell PM. Population-based study of delays in carotid imaging and surgery and the risk of recurrent stroke. Neurology 2005;65:371–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brott TG, Halperin JL, Abbara S, et al. asa/accf/aha/aann/aans/acr/asnr/cns/saip/scai/sir/snis/svm/svs guideline on the management of patients with extracranial carotid and vertebral artery disease: executive summary a report of the American college of cardiology foundation/American heart association task force on practice guidelines, and the American stroke association, American association of neuroscience nurses, American association of neurological surgeons, American college of radiology, American society of neuroradiology, congress of neurological surgeons, society of atherosclerosis imaging and prevention, society for cardiovascular angiography and interventions, society of interventional radiology, society of neurointerventional surgery, society for vascular medicine, and society for vascular surgery developed in collaboration with the American academy of neurology and society of cardiovascular computed tomography. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011;57:1002–44.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rothwell PM, Eliasziw M, Gutnikov SA, et al. Endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid stenosis in relation to clinical subgroups and timing of surgery. Lancet 2004;363:915–24.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ringleb PA, Bousser MG, Ford G, et al. Guidelines for management of ischaemic stroke and transient ischaemic attack 2008. Cerebrovasc Dis 2008;25:457–507.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marnane M, Ni Chroinin D, Callaly E, et al. Stroke recurrence within the time window recommended for carotid endarterectomy. Neurology 2011;77:738–43.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gladstone DJ, Oh J, Fang J, et al. Urgency of carotid endarterectomy for secondary stroke prevention: results from the registry of the Canadian stroke network. Stroke 2009;40:2776–82.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Albers GW, Caplan LR, Easton JD, et al. Transient ischemic attack–proposal for a new definition. N Engl J Med 2002;347:1713–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Easton JD, Saver JL, Albers GW, et al. Definition and evaluation of transient ischemic attack: a scientific statement for healthcare professionals from the American heart association/American stroke association stroke council; council on cardiovascular surgery and anesthesia; council on cardiovascular radiology and intervention; council on cardiovascular nursing; and the interdisciplinary council on peripheral vascular disease. The American academy of neurology affirms the value of this statement as an educational tool for neurologists. Stroke 2009;40:2276–93.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Al-Khaled M. Magnetic resonance imaging in patients with transient ischemic attack. Neural Regen Res 2014;9:234–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• White H, Boden-Albala B, Wang C, et al. Ischemic stroke subtype incidence among whites, blacks, and hispanics: the northern Manhattan study. Circulation 2005;111:1327–31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vora N, Tung CE, Mlynash M, et al. TIA triage in emergency department using acute MRI (TIA-TEAM): a feasibility and safety study. Int J Stroke 2015;10:343–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petty GW, Brown RD Jr, Whisnant JP, et al. Ischemic stroke subtypes: a population-based study of incidence and risk factors. Stroke 1999;30:2513–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Al-Khaled M, Awwad H, Matthis C, Eggers J. Stroke recurrence in patients with recently symptomatic carotid stenosis and scheduled for carotid revascularization. Eur J Neurol 2013;20:831–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kolominsky-Rabas PL, Weber M, Gefeller O, et al. Epidemiology of ischemic stroke subtypes according to toast criteria: incidence, recurrence, and long-term survival in ischemic stroke subtypes: a population-based study. Stroke 2001;32:2735–40.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grau AJ, Weimar C, Buggle F, et al. Risk factors, outcome, and treatment in subtypes of ischemic stroke: the German stroke data bank. Stroke 2001;32:2559–66.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin HJ, Wolf PA, Kelly-Hayes M, et al. Stroke severity in atrial fibrillation. The framingham study. Stroke 1996;27:1760–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ritter JC, Tyrrell MR. The current management of carotid atherosclerotic disease: who, when and how? Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2013;16:339–46.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erdur H, Scheitz JF, Ebinger M, et al. In-hospital stroke recurrence and stroke after transient ischemic attack: frequency and risk factors. Stroke 2015;46:1031–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leseche G, Alsac JM, Castier Y, et al. Carotid endarterectomy in the acute phase of crescendo cerebral transient ischemic attacks is safe and effective. J Vasc Surg. 2011;53:637–42.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar