Conjugate Lateral Eye Movements: A Second Look

References

• Ahern G. L., Schwartz G. E. Differential lateralization for positive versus negative emotion. Neuropsychologia 1979; 17: 693–698
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson S. W. Language‐related asymmetries of eye‐movement and evoked potentials. Lateralization in the nervous system, S. Harnad, R. W. Doty, J. Jaynes, L. Goldstein, G. Krauthamer. Academic Press, New York 1977
   Google Scholar
• Bakan P. Hypnotizability, laterality of eye movement and functional brain asymmetry. Perceptual and Motor Skills 1969; 28: 927–932
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bakan P. The eyes have it. Psychology Today 1971; 4: 64–67
   Google Scholar
• Bakan P. Two streams of consciousness: A typological approach. The stream of consciousness, K. Pope, J. L. Singer. Plenum Press, New York 1978
   Google Scholar
• Bakan P. (1979) Imagery, raw and cooked: A hemispheric recipe. Paper presented at First Annual Conference on Imagery of the American Association for the Study of Mental Imagery. June, 22–241979. Los Angeles, California
   Google Scholar
• Bakan P., Shotland R. L. Lateral eye movement, reading speed, and visual attention. Psychonomic Science 1969; 15: 93–94
   Google Scholar
• Barkoczi I., Sera L., Komlosi A. Relationships between functional asymmetry of the hemispheres, subliminal perception and some defence mechanisms in various experimental settings. Psychologia 1983; 26: 1–20
   Google Scholar
• Bender M. The oculomotor system. Hoeber, New York 1964
   Google Scholar
• Berg M. R., Harris L. J. The effect of experimenter location and subject anxiety on cerebral activation as measured by lateral eye movements. Neuropsychologia 1980; 18: 89–93
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bilsker D. Conjugate lateral eye movements and perceptual abilities. M. A. Thesis, Simon Fraser University. 1980
   Google Scholar
• Bogen J. E. The other side of the brain 11. An appositional mind. Bulletin of the Los Angeles Neurological Society 1969; 34: 135–162
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Borod J. C., Vingiano W., Cytryn F. The effects of emotion and occular dominance on lateral eye movement. Neuropsychologia 1988; 26: 213–220
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bratsky J. H. Visual evoked potentials, laterality of eye movements, and the asymmetry of brain functions. Dissertation Abstracts International 1980; 4880‐B
   Google Scholar
• Bruce C. J., Goldberg M. E. Physiology of the frontal eye fields. Trends in Neuroscience 1984; 436–441
   Google Scholar
• Bruce P. R., Herman J. F., Stern J. Lateral eye movements and the recall of spatial information in a familiar, large‐scale environment. Neuropsychologia 1982; 20: 505–508
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bryden M. P. Evidence for sex differences in cerebral organization. Determinants of sex‐related differences in cognitive functioning, M. Wittig, A. Peterson. Academic, New York 1979
   Google Scholar
• Charlton S. J. Conjugate lateral eye movements and creativity; cognitive and personality correlates. Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BCCanada 1984, Unpublished M.A. Thesis
   Google Scholar
• Charlton S., Struthers G., Bakan P. Lateral orientation, eye movements and dichotic listening. Paper presented at the Canadian Psychological Association. MontrealCanada 1988
   Google Scholar
• Combs A. L., Hoblick P. J., Czarnecki M. J., Kamler P. Relationship of lateral eye‐movement to cognitive mode, hemispheric interaction, and choice of college major. Perceptual and Motor Skills 1977; 45: 983–990
   Google Scholar
• Crowne D. P. The frontal eye field and attention. Psychological Bulletin 1983; 93: 232–260
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dalby T. J., Gibson D. Functional cerebral lateralization in subtypes of disabled readers. Brain and Cognition 1981; 14: 34–48
   Google Scholar
• Daly M. Conjugate lateral eye movement behavior in later childhood. Dissertation Abstracts International 1981; 44: 112‐A
   Google Scholar
• Davies P. J. Attention, arousal, cognitive performance and lateral eye movements. Dissertation Abstracts International 1982; 43: 909‐B
   Google Scholar
• Day M. E. An eye‐movement phenomenon related to attention, thought and anxiety. Perceptual and Motor Skills 1964; 19: 443–446
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Day M. E. An eye‐movement indicator of individual differences in the physiological organization of attentional processes and anxiety. Journal of Psychology 1967a; 66: 51–62
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Day M. E. An eye‐movement indicator type and level of anxiety: Some clinical observations. Journal of Clinical Psychology 1967b; 23: 438–444
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• de Bonis M., Freixa i Baque E. Sex differences and eye movements. Neuropsychobiology 1983; 9: 13–15
   Google Scholar
• De Gennaro L., Violani C. Reflective lateral eye movements: Individual styles, cognitive and lateralization effects. Neuropsychologia 1988; 26: 727–736
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deijen J. B., Loriaux S. M., Bouman A., Orlebeke J. F. Task effects and individual differences in the study of lateral eye movements. Neuropsychologia 1986; 24: 841–848
   Google Scholar
• Dewitt G. W. Laterality, personality, and the perception of emotional stimuli. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Massachusetts. 1977
   Google Scholar
• Diener B. S. A comparison of conjugate lateral eye saccades in response to auditorily and visually presented reflective questions. Dissertation Abstracts International 1982; 43: 544‐B
   Google Scholar
• Duke J. B. Lateral eye‐movement behavior. Journal of General Psychology 1968; 78: 189–195
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ehrlichman H. Hemispheric functioning and individual differences in cognitive abilities. 1972, (Doctoral Dissertation, New School for Social Research, 1971) Disseration Abstracts International, 33, 2319B. (University Microfilms No. 72–27, 869)
   Google Scholar
• Ehrlichman H. Field dependence‐independence and lateral eye movements following verbal and spatial questions. Perceptual and Motor Skills 1977; 44: 1229–1230
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ehrlichman H. Hemispheric asymmetry and positive‐negative affect. Duality and unity of the brain, D. Ottoson. Plenum Press, New York 1987; 194–206
   Google Scholar
• Ehrlichman H., Weinberger A. Lateral eye movements and hemispheric asymmetry: A critical review. Psychological Bulletin 1978; 85: 1080–1101
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Etaugh C. F. Personality correlates of lateral eye movement and handedness. Perceptual and Motor Skills 1972; 34: 751–754
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Etaugh C., Rose M. Lateral eye movement: Elusive personality correlates and moderate stability estimates. Perceptual and Motor Skills 1973; 37: 211–217
   Google Scholar
• Erwin R. J., McClanahan B. A., Kleinman K. M. Effects of level of arousal and type of task on bilateral skin conductance asymmetry and conjugate lateral eye movements. Pavlovian Journal of Biological Science, 15: 59–67
   Google Scholar
• Ferrier D. The Junctions of the brain. Smith Elder, London 1886
   Google Scholar
• Ferrier D., Yeo G. F. A record of experiments on the effects of lesion of different regions of the cerebral hemispheres. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 1884; 175: 479–564
   Google Scholar
• Flor‐Henry P. Evolutionary and clinical aspects of lateralized sex differences. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 1980; 3: 235–236
   Google Scholar
• Freixa i Baque' E., Catteau M., Miossec Y., Roy J. Asymmetry of electrodermal activity: A review. Biological Psychology 1984; 18: 219–239
   Google Scholar
• Fritsch F., Hitzig E. Uber die elektrische Erregbarkeit des Grosshirns. Archivs Anatomy Physiologie Wissenschaft Medizin 1870; 37: 300–332
   Google Scholar
• Gallagher R. E., Joseph R. Nonlinguistic knowledge, hemispheric laterality, and the conservation of inequality in nonconserving children. The Journal of General Psychology 1982; 107: 31–40
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glackman W. G. Imagery and conjugate lateral eye movement. Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BCCanada 1976, Unpublished Master's Thesis
   Google Scholar
• Goldstein L, Lackner J. R. Sideways look at dichotic listening. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 1974; 55: 110
   Google Scholar
• Gopher D. Eye movement patterns in selective listening tasks of focused attention. Perception and Psychophysics 1973; 14: 259–264
   Google Scholar
• Graves C. A., Natale M. The relationship of hemispheric preference, as measured by conjugate lateral eye movements, to accuracy of emotional facial expression. Motivation and Emotion 1979; 3: 219–234
   Google Scholar
• Gumm W. Ft., Walker M. K., Day H. D. Lateral eye movements to verbal and spatial questions as a function of questioner location. The Journal of General Psychology 1982; 107: 41–46
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gur R. C., Gur R. E. Handedness, sex and eyedness as moderating variables in the relation between hypnotic susceptibility and functional brain asymmetry. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 1974; 83: 635–643
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gur R. C., Reivich M. Cognitive task effects on hemispheric blood flow in human: Evidence for individual differences in hemispheric activation. Brain and Language 1980; 9: 78–92
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gur R. E. Experimental validation and personality correlates of conjugate lateral eye movements as an index of contralateral hemispheric activation. Dissertation Abstracts International 1973; 3062‐B
   Google Scholar
• Gur R. E. Left hemisphere dysfunction and left hemisphere overactivation in schizophrenia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 1978; 87: 226–238
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gur R. E., Gur R. C., Harris L. J. Cerebral activation, as measured by subject's lateral eye movements, is influenced by experimenter location. Neuropsychologia 1976; 13: 35–44
   Google Scholar
• Gur R. E., Gur R. C., Rosen A. D., Warach S., Alavi A., Greenberg J., Reivich M. A cognitive‐motor network demonstrated by positron emission tomography. Neuropsychologia 1983; 21: 601–606
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hatta T. Lateral eye movement and hemisphere asymmetry: Effects of question type, task type, emotion type, and individual differences. Cortex 1984; 20: 543–556
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hines D., Martindale C. Induced lateral eye movements and creative and intellectual performance. Perceptual and Motor Skills 1974; 39: 153–154
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hiscock M. Some situational antecedents and dispositional correlates of lateral eye movement direction. Dissertation Abstracts International 1975; 36: 942‐B
   Google Scholar
• Hiscock M. Eye‐movement asymmetry and hemispheric function: An examination of individual differences. The Journal of Psychology 1977; 97: 49–52
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hiscock M., Hampson E., Wong S. C., Kinsbourne M. Effects of eye movements on the recognition and localization of dichotic stimuli. Brain and Cognition 1985; 4: 140–155
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoffman C., Kagan S. Lateral eye movements and field dependence‐independence. Perceptual and Motor Skills 1977; 45: 767–778
   Google Scholar
• Huang M., Byrne B. Cognitive style and lateral eye movements. British Journal of Psychology 1978; 69: 85–90
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hugdahl K. Hemispheric asymmetry and bilateral electrodermal recordings: A review of the evidence. Psychophysiology 1984; 21: 371–393
   Google Scholar
• Hugdahl K. Bilateral electrodermal asymmetry: Past hopes and future prospects. International Journal of Neuroscicne 1988; 39: 33–44
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hugdahl K., Carlgren H. E. Hemispheric asymmetry: as indexed by differences in direction of initial conjugate lateral eye‐movements (CLEMs) in response to verbal, spatial, and emotional tasks. The Journal of Mind and Behavior 1981; 2: 259–270
   Google Scholar
• Hutt C. Cerebral asymmetry and hemispheric specialization ‐ some implications of sex differences. International Journal of Behavioral Development 1979; 2: 73–86
   Google Scholar
• Jaffe J. Coupling between a symmetric and an asymmetric neural system. The Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine 1974; 41: 153–155
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jamieson J. L., Sellick T. B. Effects of subject‐to‐experimenter distance and instructions on lateral eye movement. Perceptual and Motor Skills 1985; 60: 155–159
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jean P. Facial processing ability as a function of sex, conjugate lateral eye movements, emotional valence, and familiarity. Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BCCanada 1983, Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation
   Google Scholar
• Joffe R. S. The relationship of hypnotic susceptibility to cerebral asymmetry, susceptibility to perceptual illusions, and field‐dependence. Dissertation Abstracts International 1982; 43: 1617‐B
   Google Scholar
• Jones D. S., Chew R. E., Altaian N. A., Marble A. D., Mitchell P. A., Combs A. L. Lateral eye movements and dream recall. Perceptual and Motor Skills 1980; 50: 1090
   Google Scholar
• Katkin E. S. Blood, sweat and tears: Individual differences in autonomic self‐perception. Psychophysiology 1985; 22: 125–137
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Katkin E. S., Reed S. R. Cardiovascular asymmetries and cardiac perception. International Journal of Neuroscience 1988; 39: 45–52
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Katz J., Salt P. Differences in task and use of language: A study of lateral eye movements. Perceptual and Motor Skills 1981; 52: 995–1002
   Google Scholar
• Kinsbourne M. Eye and head turning indicates cerebral lateralization. Science 1972; 176: 539–541
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krikorian R., Rafales L. Emotional stimulation, defensive orientation, and hemispheric activation. Brain and Cognition 1982; 1: 371–380
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lefevre E., Starck R., Lambert W. E., Genesee F. Lateral eye movements during verbal and nonverbal dichotic listening. Perceptual and Motor Skills 1977; 4: 1115–1122
   Google Scholar
• Lenhart R. E. The effects of distance between interactants and subject anxiety on conjugate lateral eye movements. Brain and Cognition 1985; 4: 328–337
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lenhart R. E., Katkin E. S. Psychophysiological evidence for cerebral laterality effects in a high‐risk sample of students with subsyndromal bipolar depressive disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry 1986; 143: 602
   Google Scholar
• Levy J. Individual differences in cerebral hemisphere asymmetry: Theoretical and experimental considerations. Cerebral hemisphere asymmetry, J. B. Hellige. Praeger, New York 1983
   Google Scholar
• Libby W. L., Yaklevick D. Personality determinants of eye contact and direction of gaze aversion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1973; 27: 197–206
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacDonald B. H., Hiscock M. Effects of induced anxiety and question content on the direction and frequency of lateral eye movements. Neuropsychologia 1985; 23: 757–763
   Google Scholar
• McCallum R. S. Cognitive style as a function of ability. Perceptual and Motor Skills 1981; 52: 955–958
   Google Scholar
• Meyer S. G. Interhemispheric interruption of alpha as a function of problem type, eye movement, imagery use. and relative hemispheric ability. Dissertation Abstracts 1977; 37: 5860–5861, (B)
   Google Scholar
• Moretti M. Conjugate Lateral Eye Movements and Performance on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale‐Revised. Simon Fraser University. 1982, Unpublished Master's Thesis
   Google Scholar
• Morgan A., McDonald P. N., MacDonald H. Differences in bilateral alpha activity as a function of experimental task: with a note on lateral eye movements and hypnotizability. Neuropsychologia 1971; 9: 459–469
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neilsen H., Sorensen J. H. Hemispheric dominance, dichotic listening and lateral eye movement behavior. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology 1976; 17: 129–132
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neubauer A., Schulter G., Pfurtscheller G. Lateral eye movements as an indication of' hemisperic preference: an EEG validation study. International Journal of Psychophysiology 1988; 6: 177–184
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Newlin D. B. Hemisphericity. expressivity and autonomic arousal. Biological Psychology 1981; 12: 13–23
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Newlin D. B., Rohrbaugh J. W., Varner J. L. Lateral eye movement tendency related to alpha asymmetry. (Abstract). Psychophysiology 1982; 19: 338
   Google Scholar
• O'Gorman J. G., Siddle D. A.T. Effects of question type and experimenter position on bilateral differences in electrodermal activity and conjugate lateral eye movements. Ada Psychologica 1981; 49: 43–51
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ogle W. T. Lateral eye movements: Their relationship to reading speed, cardiac responsivity. and ability to process speeded information in the visual and auditory modes. Ph.D. dissertation. Washington University. Dissertation Abstracts International 1972; 33(3‐B)1293
   Google Scholar
• Otteson J. P. Stylistic and personality correlates of lateral eye movements: A factor analytic study. Perceptual and Motor Skills 1980; 50: 995–1010
   Google Scholar
• Owens W., Limber J. Lateral eye movement as a measure of cognitive ability and style. Perceptual and Motor Skills 1983; 56: 711–719
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Padarowski W., Brucker B., Zaretsky H., Alba A. The effect of unilateral brain damage on the appearance of question‐induced CLEM reactions. Cortex 1978; 14: 420–430
   Google Scholar
• Penfield W., Boldrey E. Somatic motor and sensory representation in cerebral cortex of man as studies by electrical stimulation. Brain 1937; 60: 389–443
   Google Scholar
• Pierro R. A., Goldberger L. Lateral eye‐movements, field dependence and denial. Perceptual and Motor Skills 1982; 55: 371–378
   Google Scholar
• Raine A., Christie M., Gale A. Relationship of lateral eye movements recorded in the dark to verbal and spatial question types. Neuropsychologia 1988; 26: 937–941
   Google Scholar
• Ray W. J., Georgiou S., Ravizza R. Spatial abilities, sex differences, and lateral eye movements. Deveopmental Psychology 1979; 15: 455–457
   Google Scholar
• Richardson A. Subject, task, and tester variables associated with initial eye movement responses. Journal of Mental Imagery 1978; 2: 85–100
   Google Scholar
• Robinson D. A., Fuchs A. F. Eye movements evoked by stimulation of frontal eye fields. Journal of Neurophysiology 1969; 32: 637–648
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roland P. E. Metabolic measurements of the working frontal cortex in man. Trends in Neuroscience 1984; 430–435
   Google Scholar
• Sackheim H. A., Weiman A. L., Grega D. M. Effects of predictors of hemispheric specialization on individual differences in hemispheric activation. Neuropsychologia 1984; 22: 55–64
   Google Scholar
• Sandel A., Alcorn J. D. Individual hemisphericity and maladaptive behaviors. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 1980; 89: 514–517
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saring W., von Cramon D. Is there an interaction between cognitive activity and lateral eye movements?. Neuropsychologia 1980; 18: 591–596
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schweitzer L. Differences of cerebral lateralization among schizophrenic and depressed patients. Biological Psychiatry 1979; 14: 721–733
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schweitzer L., Becker E., Welsh H. Abnormalities of cerebral lateralization in schizophrenic patients. Archives of general Psychiatry 1978; 35: 982–985
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Segalowitz S. J. Two sides of the brain. Englewood Cliffs, New York 1983, New Jersey: Prentice‐Hall
   Google Scholar
• Segalowitz S. J., McNaughton H. Lateral eye movements and cerebral activation: Effect of question type. Abstract from the Neurospychological Society Meeting, in. International Journal of Neuroscience 1980; 11: 193
   Google Scholar
• Shevrin H., Smokier S., Kooi K. A. An emperical link between lateral eye movements and lateralized event‐related brain potentials. Biological Psychiatry 1980; 15: 691–697
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Spanos N. P., Pawlak A. E., Mah C. D., D'eon J. L. Lateral eye‐movements, hypnotic susceptibility and imaginal ability in right handers. Perceptual and Motor Skills 1980; 50: 287–294
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stern J. A., Baldinger A. C. Hemispheric differences in preferred modes of information processing and the aging process. International Journal of Neuroscience 1983; 18: 97–106
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Swinnen S. Some evidence for the hemispheric asymmetry model of lateral eye movements. Perceptual and Motor Skills 1984; 58: 79–88
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tietlebaum H. A. Spontaneous rhythmic occular movements: their possible relationship to mental activity. Neurology 1954; 4: 350–354
   Google Scholar
• Tomer R., Mintz M. Hemispheric laterality and smooth pursuit in normal individuals. Perceptual and Motors Skills 1980; 51: 31–35
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tomer R., Mintz M., Levi A., Myslobodsky M. S. Reactive gaze laterality in schizophrenic patients. Biological Psychology 1979; 9: 115–127
   Google Scholar
• Troup G. A., Bradshaw J. L., Nettleton N. C. The lateralization of arithmetic and number processing: A review. International Journal of Neuroscience 1983; 19: 231–242
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tucker G. H., Suib MR. CLEM direction and it's relationship to performance on verbal and visuospatial tasks. Neuropsychologia 1978; 16: 251–254
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Auken C. L. The effects of handedness, hand writing posture and sex on the direction of conjugate lateral eye movements in response to questioning. University of Pennsylvania. 1977, Unpublished Master's Thesis
   Google Scholar
• Van Mastrigt R. L., Sutker L. W. Lateral eye movement in response to presentation of dichotic words, and questions differing in degree of rated vividness. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Neuropsychological Society. Toronto, Ontario 1976
   Google Scholar
• Wada J., Rasmussen T. R. Intracarotid amytal for the lateralization of cerebral speech dominance. Journal of Neurosurgery 1960; 17: 266–282
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Warren L. R., Haueter E. S. Alpha asymmetry as a function of cognitive mode: the role of lateral eye movements. Internationa! Journal of Neuroscience 1981; 13: 137–141
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weiten W., Etaugh C. Lateral eye movement as related to verbal and perceptual‐motor skills and values. Perceptual and Motor Skills 1973; 36: 423–428
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winkleman J. W. Topographic analysis of human cerebral potentials associated with the eye movements of REM sleep and waking. Dissertation Abstracts International 1984; 44: 2281‐B
   Google Scholar
• Woods D. J., McCormick S. “Repressors” and “Sensitizers” under threat and non‐threat conditions. Journal of Clinical Psychology 1979; 35: 401–404
   Google Scholar
• Wyler F., Graves R., Landis T. Cognitive task infulence on relative hemispheric motor control: Mouth asymmetry and lateral eye movements. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsvchology 1987; 9: 105–116
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yutrzenka B. A. An introduction to and an initial examination of the visual half field shut down theory of reflective lateral eye movements. Dissertation Abstracts International 1981; 42: 1629‐B
   Google Scholar