Predictive value of casual ECG-based resting heart rate compared with resting heart rate obtained from Holter recording

References

• Fox K, Bousser MG, Amarenco P, Chamorro A, Fisher M, Ford I, Hennerici MG, Mattle HP, Rothwell PM; on behalf of the PERFORM Study Investigators. Heart rate is a prognostic risk factor for myocardial infarction: a post hoc analysis in the PERFORM study population. Int J Cardiol 2013;S0167-5273(13)00889-9.
   Google Scholar
• Custodis F, Reil JC, Laufs U, Böhm M. Heart rate: a global target for cardiovascular disease and therapy along the cardiovascular disease continuum. J Cardiol 2013;62:183–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jensen MT, Marott JL, Jensen GB. Elevated resting heart rate is associated with greater risk of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in current and former smokers. Int J Cardiol 2011;151:148–54.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jensen MT, Marott JL, Allin KH, Nordestgaard BG, Jensen GB. Resting heart rate is associated with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality after adjusting for inflammatory markers: the Copenhagen City Heart Study. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2012;19:102–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johansen CD, Olsen RH, Pedersen LR, Kumarathurai P, Mouridsen MR, Binici Z, Intzilakis T, Køber L, Sajadieh A. Resting, night-time and 24 h heart rate as markers of cardiovascular risk in middle-aged and elderly men and women with no apparent heart disease. Eur Heart J 2013;34: 1732–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soliman EZ, Elsalam MA, Li Y. The relationship between high resting heart rate and ventricular arrhythmogenesis in patients referred to ambulatory 24 h electrocardiographic recording. Eurospace 2010;12:261–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ho JE, Bittner V, Demicco DA, Breazna A, Deedwania PC, Waters DD. Usefulness of heart rate at rest as a predictor of mortality, hospitalization for heart failure, myocardial infarction and stroke in patients with stable coronary heart disease. Am J Cardiol 2010;105:905–11.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooney MT, Vartiainen E, Laatikainen T, Juolevi A, Dudina A, Graham IM. Elevated resting heart rate is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease in healthy men and women. Am Heart J 2010;159:612–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cook S, Togni M, Schaub MC, Wenaweser P, Hess OM. High heart rate: a cardiovascular risk factor?. Eur Heart J 2006;27:2387–93.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greenland P, Daviglus ML, Dyer AR, Liu K, Huang CF, Goldberger JJ, Stamler J. Resting heart rate is a risk factor for cardiovascular and noncardiovascular mortality. Am J Epidemiol 1999;149:853–62.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hansen TW, Thijs L, Boggia J, Li Y, Kikuya M, Björklund-Bodegård K, Richart T, Ohkubo T, Jeppesen J, Torp-Pedersen C, Lind L, Sandoya E, Imai Y, Wang J, Ibsen H, O’Brien E, Staessen JA; International Database on Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Relation to Cardiovascular Outcomes Investigators. Prognostic value of ambulatory heart rate revisited in 6928 subjects from 6 populations. Hypertension 2008;52:229–35.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perret-Guillaume C, Joly L, Benetos A. Heart rate as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2009;52:6–10.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palatini P. Office versus ambulatory heart rate in the prediction of the cardiovascular risk. Blood Press Monit 1998; 3:153–6.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Valentini M, Parati G. Variables influencing heart rate. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2009;52:11–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mancia G, Bertinieri G, Grassi G, Parati G, Pomidossi G, Ferrari A, Gregorini L, Zanchetti A. Effects of blood- pressure measurement by the doctor on patient's blood pressure and heart rate. Lancet 1983;2:695–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palatini P, Winnicki M, Santonastaso M, De Venuto G, Zanata G, Bertolo O, Frigo G, Pessina AC. Reproducibility of heart rate measured in the clinic and with 24-hour intermittent recorders. Am J Hypertens 2000;13:92–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palatini P, Benetos A, Julius S. Impact of increased heart rate on clinical outcomes in hypertension. Implications for antihypertensiv drug therapy. Drugs 2006;66:133–44.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andersen UO, Jensen GB. Trends and determinant factors for population blood pressure with 25 years of follow-up: results from the Copenhagen City Heart Study. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil 2010;17:655–9.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Boysen G, Marott JL, Grønbaek M, Hassanpour H, Truelsen T. Long-term survival after stroke: 30 years of follow-up in a cohort, the Copenhagen City Heart Study. Neuroepidemiology 2009;33(3):254–60.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Appleyard M. The Copenhagen City Heart Study. Osterbroundersøgelsen. A book of tables with data from the first examination (1976–78) and a five-year follow-up (1981–83). The Copenhagen City Heart Study Group. Scand J Soc Med Suppl 1989;41:1–160.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Helweg-Larsen K. The Danish register of causes of death. Scand J Public Health 2011;39:26–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Madsen M, Davidsen M, Rasmussen S, Abildstrøm SZ, Osler M. The validity of the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction in routine statistics; a comparison of mortality and discharge data with the Danish Monica registry. J Clin Epidemiol 2003;56:124–30.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thygesen SK, Christiansen CF, Christensen S, Lash TL, Sørensen HT. The predictive value of ICD-10 coding used to assess Charlson comorbidity index conditions in the Danish National Registry of Patients. BMC Med Res Methodol 2011;11:83.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vogel CU, Wolpert C, Wehling M. How to measure heart rate?. Eur J Clin Pharma 2004;60:461–6.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Achimastos A, Benetos A, Stergiou G, Argyraki K, Karmaniolas K, Thomas F, Mountokallakis T. Determinants of arterial stiffness in Greek and French hypertensive men. Blood Press 2002;11:218–22.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palatini P. Elevated heart rate: a ‘new’ cardiovascular risk factor?. Prog Cardiovas Dis 2009;52:1–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perski A, Olsson G, Landou C, de Faire U, Theorell T, Hamsten A. Minimum heart rate and coronary atherosclerosis: independent relations to global severity and rate of progression of angiographic lesions in men with myocardial infarction at a young age. Am Heart J 1992;123:609–16.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harrison DG. The shear stress of keeping arteries clear. Nature Med 2005;11:375–6.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Palatini P, Thijs L, Staessen JA, Fagard RH, Bulpitt CJ, Clement DL, de Leeuw PW, Jaaskivi M, Leonetti G, Nachev C, O’Brien ET, Parati G, Rodicio JL, Roman E, Sarti C, Tuomilehto J; Systolic Hypertension in Europe (Syst-Eur) Trial Investigators. Systolic Hypertension in Europe (Syst-Eur) Trial Investigators. Predictive value of clinic and ambulatory heart rate for mortality in elderly subjects with systolic hypertension. Arch Intern Med 2002;162:2313–21.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bemelmans RH, Wassink AM, van der Graaf Y, Nathoe HM, Vernooij JW, Spiering W, Visseren FL; SMART Study Group. Risk of elevated resting heart on the developement of type 2 diabetes in patients with clinically manifest vascular diseases. Eur J Endocrinol 2012;166:717–25.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rogowski O, Steinvil A, Berliner S, Cohen M, Saar N, Ben-Bassat OK, Shapira I. Elevated resting heart rate is associated with the metabolic syndrome. Cardiovasc diabetol 2009;8:55.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Inoue T, Iseki K, Iseki C, Ohya Y, Kinjo K, Takishita S. Effect of heart rate on the risk of developing metabolic syndrome. Hypertens Res 2009;32:801–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jouven X, Escolano S, Celermajer D, Empana JP, Bingham A, Hermine O, Desnos M, Perier MC, Marijon E, Ducimetière P. Heart rate and risk of cancer in healthy men. PLoS One 2011;8:e21310.
   Google Scholar
• Hozawa A, Inoue R, Ohkubo T, Kikuya M, Metoki H, Asayama K, Hara A, Hirose T, Kanno A, Obara T, Hoshi H, Hashimoto J, Totsune K, Satoh H, Imai Y. Predictive value of ambulatory heart rate in the Japanese general population: the Ohasama study. J Hypertens 2008;26:1571–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parati G, Mutti E, Ravogli A, Trazzi S, Villani A, Mancia G. Advantages and disadvantages of non-invasive ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. J Hypertens Suppl 1990;8: S33–8.
   Google Scholar
• Hozawa A, Ohkubo T, Kikuya M, Ugajin T, Yamaguchi J, Asayama K, Metoki H, Ohmori K, Hoshi H, Hashimoto J, Satoh H, Tsuji I, Imai Y. Prognostic value of home heart rate for cardiovascular mortality in the general population: the Ohasama study. Am J Hypertens 2004;17:1005–10.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hansen TW, Thijs L, Boggia J, Li Y, Kikuya M, Björklund-Bodegård K, Richart T, Ohkubo T, Jeppesen J, Torp-Pedersen C, Lind L, Sandoya E, Imai Y, Wang J, Ibsen H, O’Brien E, Staessen JA. Prognostic value of ambulatory heart rate revisited in 6928 subjects from 6 populations. Hypertension 2008;52:229–35.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palatini P, Reboldi G, Beilin LJ, Eguchi K, Imai Y, Kario K, Ohkubo T, Pierdomenico SD, Saladini F, Schwartz JE, Wing L, Verdecchia P. Predictive value of night-time heart rate for cardiovascular events in hypertension. The ABP-International study. Int J Cardiol 2013;30:168:1490–5.
   Google Scholar
• Zakopoulos NA, Ikonomidis I, Vemmos KN, Manios E, Spiliopoulou I, Tsivgoulis G, Spengos K, Psaltopoulou D, Mavrikakis M, Moulopoulos SD. 24-hour heart rate and blood pressure are additive markers of left ventricular mass in hypertensive subjects. Am J Hypertens 2006;19: 170–7.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar