14
Views
26
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Article

Carnitine Concentration in Relation to Enzyme Activities and Substrate Utilization in Human Skeletal Muscles

, , &
Pages 547-552 | Received 03 Feb 1976, Accepted 12 May 1976, Published online: 08 Jul 2009

References

  • Adolfsson S., Isaksson O., Hjalmarsson Å. Effect of insulin on glycogen synthesis and synthetase enzyme activity in the perfused rat heart. Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.) 1972; 279: 146
  • Baldwin K.M., Klinkerfuss G.H., Terjung R.L., Molé P.A., Holloszy J.O. Respiratory capacity of white, red and intermediate muscle: adaptation to exercise. Amer. J. Physiol. 1972; 222: 373
  • Baldwin K.M., Tipton C.M. Work and metabolism patterns of fast and slow twitch skeletal muscle contracting in situ. Pflügers Arch. ges. Physiol. 1972; 334: 345
  • Bass A., Brdiczka D., Eyer P., Hofer S., Pette D. Metabolic differentiation of distinct muscle types at the level of enzymatic organization. Europ. J. Biochem. 1969; 10: 198
  • Bartlett G.R. Phosphorus assay in column chromatography. J. biol. Chem. 1959; 234: 466
  • Bressler R., Wittels B. The effect of diphtheria toxin on carnitine metabolism in the heart. Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.) 1965; 104: 39
  • Broekhuysen J., Rozenblum C., Ghislain M., Deltour G. Distribution of carnitine in the rat. Recent Research on Carnitine, G. Wolf. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press, Boston, Mass 1965; 23–30
  • Bylund A.-C., Holm J., Lundholm K., Scherstén T. Incorporation rate of glucose carbon, palmitate carbon and leucine carbon into metabolites in relation to enzyme activities and RNA levels in human skeletal muscles. Enzyme 1976; 21: 39
  • Bylund A.-C., Holm J., Lundholm K., Scherstén T. Relationships between enzyme activities and substrate fluxes in human skeletal muscle in vitro. Europ. J. clin. Invest, Abstract. in press
  • Bylund A.-C., Holm J., Scherstén T. Oxidation of palmitate by human skeletal muscles in vitro. Method and normal values. Scand. J. clin. Lab. Invest. 1975; 35: 413
  • Carlson L.A. Determination of serum glycerides. Acta Soc. Med. upsalien. 1959; 64: 208
  • Cederblad G., Lindstedt S. A method for the determination of carnitine in the pico mole range. Clin. chim. Acta 1972; 37: 235
  • Cederblad G., Lindstedt S., Lundholm K. Concentration of carnitine in human muscle tissue. Clin. chim. Acta 1974; 53: 311
  • Childress C.C., Sacktor B., Traynor D.R. Function of carnitine in the fatty acid oxidase-deficient insect flight muscle. J. biol. Chem. 1966; 242: 754
  • Cobb L.A., Short F.A. Local effects of muscle training in man. Clin. Res. 1967; 15: 198
  • Dohm G.L., Huston R.L., Askew E.W., Fleshood H.L. Effects of exercise, training and diet on muscle citric acid cycle enzyme activity. Canad. J. Biochem. 1973; 51: 849
  • Draper N.R., Smith H. Applied Regression Analysis. Wiley. 1966; 163
  • Edström L., Nyström B. Histochemical types and sizes of fibres in normal human muscles. Acta neurol. scand. 1969; 45: 257
  • Engel A.G., Angelini C., Nelson R.A. Identification of carnitine deficiency as a cause of human lipid storage myopathy. Exploratory Concepts in Muscular Dystrophy II, A.T. Milhorat. Excerpta Medica, American Elsevier Publishing Co. Inc., Amsterdam, New York 1974; 601–617
  • Goodman D.S. Preparation of human serum albumin free of long-chained fatty acids. J. Amer. chem. Soc. 1958; 80: 3892
  • Holloszy J.O., Oscai L.B., Don I.J., Molé P.A. Mitochondrial citric acid cycle and related enzymes: Adaptive response to exercise. Biochem. biophys. Res. Commun. 1970; 40: 1368
  • Holm J., Scherstén T. In vitro metabolism of glucose by human skeletal muscle. Scand. J. clin. Lab. Invest. 1972; 29: 99
  • Hultman E. Muscle glycogen in man determined in needly biopsy specimens. Scand. J. clin. Lab. Invest. 1967; 19: 209
  • Hultman E. Studies on muscle metabolism of glycogen and active phosphate in man with special reference to exercise and diet. Scand. J. clin. Lab. Invest. 1967; 19(Suppl. 94)1
  • Levin K., Linde S. Determination of glucose in blood, cerebrospinal fluid and urine with a new glucose-oxidase reagent. Svensk Läk.-Tidn. 1962; 59: 3016
  • Lilienthal J.L., Jr., Zierler K.L., Folk B.P., Buka R., Riley M.J. A reference base and system for analysis of muscle constituents. J. biol. Chem. 1950; 182: 501
  • Lowry O.H., Rosebrough N.J., Farr A.L., Randall R.J. Protein measurement with the Folia phenol reagent. J. biol. Chem. 1951; 193: 265
  • Lundholm K., Bylund A.-C., Holm J., Smeds S., Scherstén T. Metabolic studies in human skeletal muscle tissue. Evaluation of an in vitro preparation intended for clinical metabolic studies. Europ. Surg. Res. 1975; 7: 65
  • Mansour T.E. Studies on heart phospho-fruotokinase. J. biol. Chem. 1965; 240: 2165
  • Markesbery W.R., McQuillen M.P., Procopis P.G., Harrison A.R., Engel A.G. Muscle carnitine deficiency. Arch. Neurol. (Chic.) 1974; 31: 320
  • Molé P.A., Oscai L.B., Holloszy J.O. Adaptation of muscle to exercise. Increase in the levels of palmityl CoA synthetase, carnitine palmityltransferase and palmityl CoA dehydrogenase, and in the capacity to oxidize fatty acids. J. clin. Invest. 1971; 50: 2323
  • Opie L.H., Newsholm E.A. The activities of fructose 1,6-diphosphatase, phosphofruoto-kinase and phosphoenol pyruvate carboxy-kinase in white muscle and red muscle. Biochem. J. 1967; 103: 391
  • Shepherd D., Garland P.B. Citrate synthase from rat liver. Methods in Enzymology, J.M. Lowenstein. Academic Press, New York and London 1969; Vol. 13: 11
  • Siegel S. Nonparametric Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences. McGraw-Hill Book Comp., Inc., New York 1956; 202–213
  • Srere P.A. Controls of citrate synthase activity. Life Sci. 1974; 15: 1695
  • Srere P.A. An eclectic view of metabolic regulation: Control of citrate synthase activity. Adv. Enzym. Regul, G. Weber. Pergamon Press, Oxford 1970; Vol. 9: 221
  • Staudte H.W., Pette D. Correlations between enzymes of energy supplying metabolism as a basic pattern of organization in muscle. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 1972; 41B: 533
  • Svennerholm L., Vanier M.T. The distribution of lipids in human nervous system. II. Lipid composition of human fetal and infant brain. Brain Res. 1972; 47: 457
  • Tottmar S.O.C., Pettersson H., Kiessling K-H. The subcellular distribution and properties of aldehyde dehydrogenases in rat liver. Biochem. J. 1973; 135: 577

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.