Biochemistry of prostate specific antigen, PSA

References

• Wang M C, Valenzuela L A, Murphy G P, Chu T M. Purification of a human prostate specific antigen. Invest Urol 1979; 17: 159–63
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hara M, Koyanagi Y, Inoue T, Fukuyama T. Physicechemical characteristics of y-seminoprotein, an antigenic component specific for human seminal plasma. Jap J Legal Med 1971; 25: 322–24
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kuriyama M, Wang M C, Lee C-I, Papsidero L D, Killian C S, Inaji H, Slack N H, Nishiura T, Murphy G P, Chu M T. Use of prostate-specific antigen in monitoring prostate cancer. Cancer Res. 1981; 41: 3874–76
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang M C, Papsidero L D, Kuriyama M, Valenzuela L A, Murphy G P, Chu T M. Prostate antigen: A new potential marker for prostatic cancer. The Prostate 1981; 2: 89–96
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Riegman PHJ, Vliestra R J, Suurmeijer L, Cleutjens CB JM, Trapman J. Characterization of the human kallikrein locus. Genomics 1992; 14: 6–11
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacDonald R J, Margolius H S, ErdS E G. Molecular biology of tissue kallikrein. Biochem J 1988; 253: 313–21
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LundwallLilja H. Molecular cloning of human prostate-specific antigen cDNA. FEBS Lett 1987; 214(3)17–22
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schaller J, Akiyama K, Tsuda R, Hara M, Marti T, Rickli E. Isolation, characterization and amino-acid sequence of γ-seminoprotein, a glycoprotein from human seminal plasma. Eur J Biochem 1987; 170: 111–20
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Watt KWK, Lee PJL, M'Timkulu T, Chan W P, Loor R. Human prostate-specific antigen: Structural and functional similarity with serine proteases. Proc Natl Acad Sci (USA) 1986; 83: 3166–70
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chapdelaine P, Paradis G, Tremblay R R, Dub J. High level of expression in the prostate of a human glandular kallikrein mRNA related to prostate-specific antigen. FEBS Lett 1988; 236: 205–08
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henttu P, Lukkarinen O, Vihko P. Expression of the gene coding for human prostate-specific antigen and related hGK-1 in benign and malignant turnours of the human prostate. Int J Cancer 1990; 45: 654–60
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schedlich L J, Bennets B H, Morris B J. Primary structure of a human glandular kallikrein gene. DNA 1987; 6: 429–37
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Young CY-F, Andrews P E, Montgomery B T, Tindall D J. Tissue-specific and hormonal regulation of human prostate-specific glandular kallikrein. Biochemistry 1992; 31: 818–24
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clements J, Mukhtar A. Glandular kallikreins and prostate-specific antigen are expressed in the human endometrium. J Clin Endocrin Metabol 1994; 78: 1536–1539
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lundwall. Characterization of the gene for prostate-specific antigen, a human glandular kallikrein. Biochem Biophys Res Comm 1989; 161: 1151–59
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Riegman P H, Vlietstra R J, van der Korput J, Romijn J, Trapman J. Characterization of the prostate-specific antigen gene: a novel human kallikrein-like gene. Biochem Biophys Res Comm 159, 1989; 95–102
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Riegman P H, Vlietstra R J, Klaassen P, van der Korput J, Geurts van Kessel A, Romijn J, Trapman J. The prostate-specific antigen gene and the human glandular kallikrein-1 gene are tandemly located on chromosome 19. FEBS Lett 1989; 247: 123–26
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Riegman P H, Vlietstra R J, van der Korput J, Brinkmann A O, Trapman J. The promotor of the prostate-specific antigen gene contains a functional androgen responsive element. Mol Endocrinol 1991; 5: 1921–30
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Young CY-F, Montgomery B T, Andrews P E, Qiu S, Bilhartz D L, Tindall D J. Hormonal regulation of prostate-specific antigen messenger RNA in human prostatic adenocarcinoma cell line LNCaP. Cancer Res 1991; 51: 3748–52
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henttu P, Liao S, Vihko P. Androgens up-regulate the human prostate-specific antigen messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA), but down-regulate the prostatic acid phosphatase mRNA in the LNCaP cell line. Endocrinology 1992; 130: 766–72
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sensabaugh G F. Isolation and characterization of a semen specific protein from human seminal plasma: a potential new marker for semen identification. J Forensic Sci 1978; 23: 106–15
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frankel A E, Rouse R V, Wang M C, Chu T M, Herzenber L A. Monoclonal antibodies to a human prostate antigen. Cancer Res 1982; 42: 3714–18
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sinha A, Hagen K, Sibley R, Wilson M, Limas C, Reddy P, Blackard C, Gleason D. Analysis of fixation effects on immunohistochemical localization of prostate-specific antigen in human prostate. J Urol 1986; 136: 722–27
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sinha A, Wilson M, Gleason D. Immunelectron microscopic localization of prostate-specific antigen in human prostate by the Protein A-gold complex. Cancer 1987; 60: 1288–93
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kamoshida S, Tsutsumi Y. Extraprostatic localization of prostatic acid phosphatase and prostate-specific antigen: Distribution in cloacogenic glandular epithelium and sex-dependent expression in human anal gland. Hum. Pathol. 1990; 21: 1108–11
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frazier H A, Humphrey P A, Burchette J L, Paulson D F. Immunoreactive prostate specific antigen in male periurethral glands. J Urol 1992; 147: 246–48
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Monne M, Croce C M, Diamandis E P. Molecular characterization of prostate-specific antigen messenger RNA expressed in breast turnours. Cancer Res 1994; 54: 6344–6347
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang M C, Kuriyama M, Papsidero L D, Loor R M, Valenzuela L A, Murphy G P, Chu T M. Prostate antigen of human cancer patients. In Methods in Cancer Research, H Busch, L Yeoman. Academic Press, New York 1982; vol 19: 179–97
   Google Scholar
• Lilja H. A kallikrein-like serine protease in prostatic fluid cleaves the predominant seminal vesicle protein. J Clin Invest 1985; 76: 1899–1903
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Christensson A, Laurell C B, Lilja H. Enzymatic activity of the prostate-specific antigen and its reactions with extracellular serine proteinase inhibitors. Eur J Biochem 1990; 194: 755–63
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Akiyama K, Nakamura T, Iwanaga S, Hara M. The chymotrypsin-like activity of human prostate-specific antigen, γ-seminoprotein. FEBS Lett 1987; 225: 168–72
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lilja H, Abrahamsson P A, Lundwall. Semenogelin, the predominant protein in human semen: Primary structure and identification of closely related proteins in the male accessory sex glands and on the spermatozoa. J Biol Chem 1989; 264: 1894–1900
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Christensson A, Lilja H. Complex formation between protein C inhibitor and prostate-specific antigen in vitro and in human semen. Eur J Biochem 1990; 220: 45–53
   Google Scholar
• Ohlsson K, Bjartell A, Lilja H. Secretory leucocyte protease inhibitor in the male genital tract: PSA-induced proteolytic processing in human semen and tissue localization. J Androl 1995, in press
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Vihinen M. Modeling of prostate specific antigen and human glandular kallikrein structures. Biochem Biophys Res Comm 1994; 204: 1251–56
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Villoutreix B O, Getzoff E D, Griffin J H. A structural model for the proostate disease marker, human prostate-specific antigen. Prot Sci 1994, in press
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lilja H, Oldbring J, Rannevik G, Laurell C B. Seminal vesicle-secreted proteins and their reactions during gelation and liquefaction of human semen. J Clin Invest 1987; 80: 281–85
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGee R S, Herr J C. Human seminal vesicle-specific antigen is a substrate for prostate-specific antigen (or P-30). Biol Reprod 1988; 39: 499–510
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee C, Keefer M, Zhao Z W, Kroes R, Berg L, Liu X, Sensibar J. Demonstration of the role of prostate-specific antigen in semen liquefaction by two-dimensional electrophoresis. J Androl 1989; 10: 432–38
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cohen P, Graves HCB, Peehl D M, Kamarei M, Giudice L C, Rosenfeld R G. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is an insulin-like growth-factor binding protein-3 protease found in seminal plasma. J Clin Endocrin Metabol 1992; 75: 1046–53
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gershagen S, Cockett ATK, Lilja H, Iwamura M. Parathyroid hormone-related protein is a substrate for prostate specific antigen. J Urol 1995, in press
   Google Scholar
• Espana F, Gilabert J, Estelles A, Romeu A, Aznar J, Cabo A. Functionally active protein C inhibitor/plasminogen activator inhibitor-3 (PCVPAI-3) occurs at high concentrations in human seminal plasma and complexes with prostate-specific antigen. Thromb Res 1991; 64: 309–20
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laurell M, Christensson A, Abrahamsson P A, Stenflo J, Lilja H. Protein C inhibitor in human body fluids. Seminal plasma is rich in inhibitor antigen deriving from cells throughout the male reproductive system. J Clin Inv 1992; 89: 1094–1101
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bjartell A, Björk T, Matikainen M T, Abrahamsson P A, di Sant'Agnese A, Lilja H. Production of alpha-1-antichymotrypsin by PSA-containing cells of the human prostate epithelium. Urology 1993; 42: 502–20
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lilja H, Christensson A, Dahlén U, Matikainen M T, Nilsson O, Pettersson K, Lovgren T. Prostate-specific antigen in human serum occurs predominantly in complex with ai-anti-chymotrypsin. Clin Chem 1991; 37: 1618–25
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stenman U H, Leinonen J, Alfthan H, Rannikko S, Tuhkanen K, Alfthan O. A complex between prostate-specific antigen and α1-antichymotrypsin is the major form of prostate-specific antigen in serum of patients with prostatic cancer. Cancer Res 1991; 51: 222–26
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wood W G, van der Sloot E, Böhle A. The establishment and evaluation of luminescent-labelled immunometric assays for prostate-specific antigen-α1-antichymotrypsin complexes in serum. Eur J Clin Chem Clin Biochem 1991; 29: 787–94
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Christensson A, Björk T, Nilsson O, Dahlén U, Matikainen M T, Cockett ATK, Abrahamsson P A, Lilja H. Serum prostate-specific antigen complexed to a i-antichymotrypsin as an indicator of prostate cancer. J Urol 1993; 150: 100–05
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oesterling J E, Chan D W, Epstein J I, Kimball AW, Jr, Bruzek D J, Rock R C, Brendler C B, Walsh P C. Prostate specific antigen in the preoperative and postoperative evaluation of localized prostatic cancer treated with radical prostatectomy. J. Urol. 1988; 139: 766–72
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stamey T A, Yang N, Hay A R, McNeal J E, Freiha F S, Redwine E. Prostatic-specific antigen as a serum marker for adenocarcinoma of the prostate. N Engl J Med 1987; 317: 909–16
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bjork T, Abrahamsson P A, Lilja H. The effects of radical prostattectomy and transurethral microwave therapy on free, complexed and total PSA in serum. Scand J Urol Nephrol, in press
   Google Scholar
• Kancha R K, Stearns M E, Hussain M M. Decreased expression of the low density lipoprotein receptor -related protein/α2-macroglobulin receptor in invasive cell clones derived from human prostate and breast tumour cells. Report from the American Association for Cancer Research, Special conference, Palm Springs 1994
   Google Scholar