539
Views
52
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Liver and Biliary Tract

Characteristics and long-term outcome of patients with autoimmune hepatitis related to the initial treatment response

, , , , , , , , , , , & show all
Pages 457-467 | Received 05 Jun 2009, Accepted 13 Dec 2009, Published online: 18 Jan 2010

References

  • Waldenström J. Leber, Blutprotein und Nahrungseisse. Dtsch Gesellsh Verd Stoffw 1950;5:113–19.
  • McFarlane IG. The relationship between autoimmune markers and different clinical syndromes in autoimmune hepatitis. Gut 1998;42:599–602.
  • Werner M, Prytz H, Ohlsson B, Almer S, Bjornsson E, Bergquist A, Epidemiology and the initial presentation of autoimmune hepatitis in Sweden: a nationwide study. Scand J Gastroenterol 2008;43:1232–40.
  • Krawitt EL. Autoimmune hepatitis. N Engl J Med 2006;354:54–66.
  • Johnson PJ, McFarlane IG, Williams R. Azathioprine for long-term maintenance of remission in autoimmune hepatitis. N Engl J Med 1995;333:958–63.
  • Al-Chalabi T, Portmann BC, Bernal W, McFarlane IG, Heneghan MA. Autoimmune hepatitis overlap syndromes: an evaluation of treatment response, long-term outcome and survival. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2008;28:209–20.
  • Soloway RD, Summerskill WH, Baggenstoss AH, Geall MG, Gitnick GL, Elveback IR, Clinical, biochemical, and histological remission of severe chronic active liver disease: a controlled study of treatments and early prognosis. Gastroenterology 1972;63:820–33.
  • Murray-Lyon IM, Stern RB, Williams R. Controlled trial of prednisone and azathioprine in active chronic hepatitis. Lancet 1973;1:735–7.
  • Cook GC, Mulligan R, Sherlock S. Controlled prospective trial of corticosteroid therapy in active chronic hepatitis. Q J Med 1971;40:159–85.
  • Roberts SK, Therneau TM, Czaja AJ. Prognosis of histological cirrhosis in type 1 autoimmune hepatitis. Gastroenterology 1996;110:848–57.
  • Czaja AJ, Freese DK. Diagnosis and treatment of autoimmune hepatitis. Hepatology 2002;36:479–97.
  • Feld JJ, Dinh H, Arenovich T, Marcus VA, Wanless IR, Heathcote EJ. Autoimmune hepatitis: effect of symptoms and cirrhosis on natural history and outcome. Hepatology 2005;42:53–62.
  • Manns MP, Vogel A. Autoimmune hepatitis, from mechanisms to therapy. Hepatology 2006;43:S132–44.
  • Sherlock S, Dooley J. Diseases of the liver and biliary system. 11th ed., Blackwell, 2002.
  • Montano-Loza AJ, Carpenter HA, Czaja AJ. Consequences of treatment withdrawal in type 1 autoimmune hepatitis. Liver Int 2007;27:507–15.
  • Alvarez F, Berg PA, Bianchi FB, Bianchi L, Burroughs AK, Cancado EL, International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group Report: review of criteria for diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis. J Hepatol 1999;31:929–38.
  • Werner M, Bjornsson E, Prytz H, Lindgren S, Almer S, Broome U, Autoimmune hepatitis among fertile women: strategies during pregnancy and breastfeeding? Scand J Gastroenterol 2007;42:986–91.
  • Werner M, Almer S, Prytz H, Lindgren S, Wallerstedt S, Bjornsson E, Hepatic and extrahepatic malignancies in autoimmune hepatitis. A long-term follow-up in 473 Swedish patients. J Hepatol 2009;50:388–93.
  • Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare. Cancer incidence in Sweden 2006. Available from: www.socialstyrelsen.se.
  • Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare. Quality of death cause register. Available from: www.socialstyrelsen.se.
  • Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare. Causes of death 2006. Available from: www.socialstyrelsen.se.
  • European transplant register 2007. Available from: www.elt.org.
  • Al-Chalabi T, Underhill JA, Portmann BC, McFarlane IG, Heneghan MA. Impact of gender on the long-term outcome and survival of patients with autoimmune hepatitis. J Hepatol 2008;48:140–7.
  • Manns MP, Strassburg CP. Autoimmune hepatitis: clinical challenges. Gastroenterology 2001;120:1502–17.
  • Czaja AJ, Davis GL, Ludwig J, Taswell HF. Complete resolution of inflammatory activity following corticosteroid treatment of HBsAg-negative chronic active hepatitis. Hepatology 1984;4:622–7.
  • Poulsen LO, Thulstrup AM, Mellemkjaer L, Vilstrup H, Sorensen HT. Mortality and causes of death in patients with “lupoid hepatitis”. A long-term follow-up study in Denmark. Dan Med Bull 2002;49:263–5.
  • Verma S, Gunuwan B, Mendler M, Govindrajan S, Redeker A. Factors predicting relapse and poor outcome in type I autoimmune hepatitis: role of cirrhosis development, patterns of transaminases during remission and plasma cell activity in the liver biopsy. Am J Gastroenterol 2004;99:1510–16.
  • Gisbert JP, Gonzalez-Lama Y, Mate J. Thiopurine-induced liver injury in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review. Am J Gastroenterol 2007;102:1518–27.
  • de Jong DJ, Derijks LJ, Naber AH, Hooymans PM, Mulder CJ. Safety of thiopurines in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl 2003;239:69–72.
  • Al-Chalabi T, Boccato S, Portmann BC, McFarlane IG, Heneghan MA. Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) in the elderly: a systematic retrospective analysis of a large group of consecutive patients with definite AIH followed at a tertiary referral centre. J Hepatol 2006;45:575–83.
  • Sanderson J, Ansari A, Marinaki T, Duley J. Thiopurine methyltransferase: should it be measured before commencing thiopurine drug therapy? Ann Clin Biochem 2004;41:294–302.
  • Heneghan MA, Allan ML, Bornstein JD, Muir AJ, Tendler DA. Utility of thiopurine methyltransferase genotyping and phenotyping, and measurement of azathioprine metabolites in the management of patients with autoimmune hepatitis. J Hepatol 2006;45:584–91.
  • Hindorf U, Jahed K, Bergquist A, Verbaan H, Prytz H, Wallerstedt S, Characterisation and utility of thiopurine methyltransferase and thiopurine metabolite measurements in autoimmune hepatitis. J Hepatol 2010, in press.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.