Saline-enhanced ultrasonography: prediction of X-ray appearance of hepatic venography in patients with cirrhosis

References

• Haaga JR. Radiation dose management: weighing risk versus benefit. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2001;177:289–91.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nickoloff EL, Alderson PO. Radiation exposures to patients from CT: reality, public perception, and policy. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2001;177:285–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herzog P, Rieger CT. Risk of cancer from diagnostic X-rays. Lancet 2004;363:340–1.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Berrington de GA, Darby S. Risk of cancer from diagnostic X-rays: estimates for the UK and 14 other countries. Lancet 2004;363:345–51.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ripoll C, Groszmann R, Garcia-Tsao G, Grace N, Burroughs A, Planas R, et al. Hepatic venous pressure gradient predicts clinical decompensation in patients with compensated cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 2007;133:481–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ripoll C, Bañares R, Rincón D, Catalina MV, Lo Iacono O, Salcedo M, et al. Influence of hepatic venous pressure gradient on the prediction of survival of patients with cirrhosis in the MELD era. Hepatology 2005;42:793–801.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abraldes JG, Villanueva C, Banares R, Aracil C, Catalina MV, Garcia-Pagan JC, et al. Hepatic venous pressure gradient and prognosis in patients with acute variceal bleeding treated with pharmacologic and endoscopic therapy. J Hepatol 2008;48:229–36.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Futagawa S, Fukuzawa M, Musha H, Isomatsu T, Koyama K, Ito T, et al. Hepatic venography in noncirrhotic idiopathic portal hypertension. Radiology 1981;141:303–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Osada Y, Kanazawa H, Narahara Y, Mamiya Y, Natsuhisa N, Sakamoto C. Wedged hepatic venous pressure does not reflect portal pressure in patients with cirrhosis and heaptic veno-venous communications. Dig Dis Sci 2008;53:7–13.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sakaguchi T, Suzuki S, Inaba K, Fukumoto K, Takehara Y, Nasu H, et al. Analysis of intrahepatic venovenous shunt by hepatic venography. Surgey 2010;147:805–10.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keiding S, Vilstrup H. Intrahepatic heterogeneity of hepatic venous pressure gradient in human cirrhosis. Scand J Gastroenterol 2002;37:960–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Debernardi-Venon W, Bandi JC, García-Pagán JC, Moitinho E, Andreu V, Real M, et al. CO2 wedged hepatic venography in the evaluation of portal hypertension. Gut 2000;46:856–60.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maleux G, Nevens F, Heye S, Verslype C, Marchal G. The use of carbon dioxide wedged hepatic venography to identify the portal vein: comparison with direct catheter portography with iodinated contrast medium and analysis of predictive factors influencing level of opacification. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2006;17:1771–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okuda K, Kono K, Ohnishi K, Kimura K, Omata M, Koen H, et al. Clinical study of eighty-six cases of idiopathic portal hypertension and comparison with cirrhosis with splenomegaly. Gastroenterology 1984;86:600–10.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rehani MM. Challenges in radiation protection of patients for the 21st century. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2013;200:762–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brambilla M, De Mauri A, Leva L, Carriero A, Picano E. Cumulative radiation dose from medical imaging in chronic adult patients. Am J Med 2013;126:480–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matsuda Y, Yabuuchi I. Hepatic tumors: US contrast enhancement with CO2 microbubbles. Radiology 1986;161:701–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kudo M, Tomita S, Tochio H, Kashida H, Hirasa M, Todo A. Hepatic focal nodular hyperplasia: specific findings at dynamic contrast-enhanced US with carbon dioxide microbubbles. Radiology 1991;179:377–82.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hashimoto M, Watanabe O, Hirano Y, Kato K, Watarai J. Use of carbon dioxide microbubble-enhanced sonographic angiography for transcatheter arterial chemoembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1997;169:1307–10.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kerns SR, Hawkins IF. Carbon dioxide digital subtraction angiography: expanding applications and technical evolution. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1995;164:735–41.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hawkins IF, Caridi JG. Carbon dioxide (CO2) digital subtraction angiography: 26-year experience at the University of Florida. Eur Radiol 1998;8:391–402.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maleux G, Willems E, Fieuws S, Heye S, et al. Prospective study comparing different indirect methods to emasure portal pressure. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2011;22:1553–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marteau P, Ballet F, Chrétien Y, Rey C, Jaillon P, Poupon R. Effect of vasodilators on hepatic microcirculation: a study of the inhibition of norepinephrine-induced vasoconstriction in the isolated perfused rat liver. Hepatology 1988;8:228–31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar