The Ratio of Pepsinogen A to Pepsinogen C: A Sensitive Test for Atrophic Gastritis

References

• Mosbech J, Videbaek Aa. Mortality from and risk of gastric carcinoma among patients with pernicious anemia. Br Med J 1950; 2: 390–394
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zamcheck N, Grable E, Ley A, Normal L. Occurrence of gastric cancer among patients with pernicious anemia at the Boston City Hospital. N Engl J Med 1955; 252: 1103–1110
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hitchcock C R, Sullivan W A, Wangensteen O H. The value of achlorhydria as a screening test for gastric cancer. Gastroenterology 1955; 29: 621–628
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borch K. Epidemiologic, clinicopathologic, and economic aspects of gastroscopic screening in patients with pernicious anemia. Scand J Gastroenterol 1986; 21: 21–30
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borch K, Kullman E, Hallhagen S, Ledin T, Ihse I. Increased incidence of pancreatic neoplasia in pernicious anemia. World J Surg 1988; 12: 866–870
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borch K, Renvall H, Liedberg G. Gastric endocrine cell hyperplasia and carcinoid tumors in pernicious anemia. Gastroenterology 1985; 88: 638–648
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carney J A, Go V LW, Fairbanks V F, Moore S B, Alport E C, Nora F E. The syndrome of gastric argy-rophil carcinoid tumors and nonantral gastric atrophy. Ann Intern Med 1983; 99: 761–766
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borch K, Renvall H, Kullman E, Wilander E. Gastric carcinoid associated with the syndrome of hypergastrinemic atrophic gastritis. Am J Surg Pathol 1987; 11: 435–444
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Christiansen P M. The Azur-A method as a screening test for gastric acid secretion. Scand J Gastroenterol 1969; 1: 9–20
   Google Scholar
• Isokoski M. Screening for atrophic gastritis. Comparison of the results of Azur-A test and uropepsin determination with gastric biopsy in a rural population. Scand J Gastroenterol 1969; 4: 425–433
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borch K, Renvall H, Lundin C, Wahren B. Evaluation of gastric carcinoembryonic antigen analysis as an aid during screening for gastric neoplasia in atrophic gastritis. Gut 1987; 28: 26–32
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor K B, Roitt I M, Doniach D, Couchman K G, Shapland C. Autoimmune phenomena in pernicious anemia. I. Gastric antibodies. Br Med J 1962; 2: 1347–1354
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strickland R G. Gastritis. Front Gastrointest Res 1975; 1: 12–48
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• McGuigan J E, Trudeau W L. Serum gastrin concentrations in pernicious anemia. N Engl J Med 1970; 282: 358–361
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fahrenkrug J, Schaffalitzky de Muckadell O B, Hor-Num I, Rehfeld J F. The mechanism of hyper-gastrinemia in achlorhydria. Effect of food, acid, and calcitonin on serum gastrin concentrations and component pattern in pernicious anemia, with correlation to endogenous secretin concentrations in plasma. Gastroenterology 1976; 71: 33–37
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eriksson A W, Foltmann B, Frants R R, Gedde-Dahl T, Jr., Samloff I M, Taggart R T. Nomenclature Committee Report. Pepsinogens in man. Genetic and clinical advances, J Kreuning, et al. Alan R. Liss, Inc., New York 1985; 41–A2
   Google Scholar
• Samloff I M, Stemmerman G N, Heilburn L K, Nomura A. Elevated serum pepsinogen I and II levels differ as risk factors for duodenal ulcer and gastric ulcer. Gastroenterology 1986; 90: 570–576
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Varis K, Samloff I M, Ihamaki T, Siurala M. An appraisal of tests for severe atrophic gastritis in relatives of patients with pernicious anemia. Am J Dig Dis 1979; 23: 187–191
   Google Scholar
• Samloff I M, Varis K, Ihamaki T, Siurala M, Rotter J I. Relationships among serum pepsinogen I, serum pepsinogen II, and gastric mucosal histology. A study in relatives of patients with pernicious anemia. Gastroenterology 1982; 83: 204–209
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foltmann B, Tarasova N I, Szesci P B. Methods for detection of proteinases. Electrophoretic and immunological comparison of aspartic proteinases of different origins. Aspartic proteinases and their inhibitors, V Koska. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 1985; 491–508
   Google Scholar
• Szesci P B, Halgreen H, Poulsen S S, et al. Demonstration of pepsinogen C in human pancreatic islets. Gut 1987; 28: 1208–1214
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borch K, Liedberg G. Prevalence and incidence of pernicious anemia. An evaluation for gastric screening. Scand J Gastroenterol 1984; 19: 154–160
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whitehead R, Truelove S C, Gear M WL. The histological diagnosis of chronic gastritis in fibreoptic gastroscope biopsy specimens. J Clin Pathol 1972; 25: 1–11
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Axelsson C K, Damkjaer Nielsen M, Kappelgaard A M. Solid-phase double-antibody radioimmuno assay of pepsinogen I in serum. Clin Chim Acta 1982; 121: 309–319
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Axelsson C K, Szecsi P B, Damkjaer Nielsen M. Group I pepsinogens in serum. I. Normal range, age, and sex relation, diurnal rhythm, seasonal variation, and distribution in ABO blood groups. Scand J Gastroenterol 1984; 19: 1114–1118
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Afifi A A, Azen S P. Statistical analysis–a computer oriented approach. 2nd ed. Academic Press, London 1979; 288–298
   Google Scholar
• Stemmerman G N, Heilbnin L K, Nomura A, Sam-Loff I M. The relation of serum pepsinogen to gastric cancer and its precursors in Hawaii Japanese men: a progress report. Pepsinogens in man: clinical and genetic advances, J Kreuning, et al. Alan R. Liss, New York 1983; 213–220
   Google Scholar
• Westerveld B D, Pals G, D'fize J, . Qualitative and quantitative determinations of pepsinogen I in gastric cancer and premalignant changes of the stomach. Pepsinogens in man: clinical and genetic advances, J Kreuning, et al. Alan R. Liss, New York 1983; 201–212
   Google Scholar