Factors predictive of inappropriateness in requests for parenteral antimicrobials for therapeutic purposes: A study in a small teaching hospital in Brazil

References

• van der Meer JW, Gyssens IC. Quality of antimicrobial drug prescription in hospital. Clin Microbiol Infect 2001;7(Suppl 6):12–5.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Iannini P, Mandell L, Felmingham J, Patou G, Tillotson GS. Adverse cutaneous reactions and drugs: a focus on antimicrobials. J Chemother 2006;18:127–39.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Owens RC Jr. QT prolongation with antimicrobial agents: understanding the significance. Drugs 2004;64:1091–124.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hookman P, Barkin JS. Clostridium difficile associated infection, diarrhea and colitis. World J Gastroenterol 2009;15:1554–80.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldmann DA, Weinstein RA, Wenzel RP, Tablan OC, Duma RJ, Gaynes RP, . Strategies to prevent and control the emergence and spread of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms in hospitals. A challenge to hospital leadership. JAMA 1996;275:234–40.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Safdar N, Maki DG. The commonality of risk factors for nosocomial colonization and infection with antimicrobial-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus, Gram-negative bacilli, Clostridium difficile, and Candida. Ann Intern Med 2002;136:834–44.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tacconelli E. Antimicrobial use: risk driver of multidrug resistant microorganisms in healthcare settings. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2009;22:352–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kollef MH. Inadequate antimicrobial treatment: an important determinant of outcome for hospitalized patients. Clin Infect Dis 2000;31(Suppl 4):S131–8.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rüttimann S, Keck B, Hartmeier C, Maetzel A, Bucher HC. Long-term antibiotic cost savings from a comprehensive intervention program in a medical department of a university-affiliated teaching hospital. Clin Infect Dis 2004;38:348–56.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sipahi OR. Economics of antibiotic resistance. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2008;6:523–39.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fishman N. Antimicrobial stewardship. Am J Med 2006; 119(Suppl 1):S53–61.
   Google Scholar
• Dellit TH, Owens RC, McGowan JE Jr, Gerding DN, Weinstein RA, Burke JP, . Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America guidelines for developing an institutional program to enhance antimicrobial stewardship. Clin Infect Dis 2007; 44:159–77.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ng CK, Wu TC, Chan WM, Leung YS, Li CK, Tsang DN, . Clinical and economic impact of an antibiotics stewardship programme in a regional hospital in Hong Kong. Qual Saf Health Care 2008;17:387–92.
   Google Scholar
• Martin C, Ofotokun I, Rapp R, Empey K, Armitstead J, Pomeroy C, . Results of an antimicrobial control program at a university hospital. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2005;62:732–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davey P, Brown E, Fenelon L, Finch R, Gould I, Hartman G, . Interventions to improve antibiotic prescribing practices for hospital inpatients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2005;4:CD003543.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tunkel AR, Hartman BJ, Kaplan SL, Kaufman BA, Roos KL, Scheld WM, . Practice guidelines for the management of bacterial meningitis. Clin Infect Dis 2004;39:1267–84.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mandell LA, Bartlett JG, Dowell SF, File TM Jr, Musher DM, Whitney C, . Update of practice guidelines for the management of community-acquired pneumonia in immunocompetent adults. Clin Infect Dis 2003;37:1405–33.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• American Thoracic Society, Infectious Diseases Society of America. Guidelines for the management of adults with hospital-acquired, ventilator-associated, and healthcare-associated pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005;171: 388–416.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guerrant RL, Van Gilder T, Steiner TS, Thielman NM, Slutsker L, Tauxe RV, . Practice guidelines for the management of infectious diarrhea. Clin Infect Dis 2001;32: 331–51.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Solomkin JS, Mazuski JE, Baron EJ, Sawyer RG, Nathens AB, DiPiro JT, . Guidelines for the selection of anti-infective agents for complicated intra-abdominal infections. Clin Infect Dis 2003;37:997–1005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Warren JW, Abrutyn E, Hebel JR, Johnson JR, Schaeffer AJ, Stamm WE. Guidelines for antimicrobial treatment of uncomplicated acute bacterial cystitis and acute pyelonephritis in women. Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA). Clin Infect Dis 1999;29:745–58.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nicolle LE, Bradley S, Colgan R, Rice JC, Schaeffer A, Hooton TM. Infectious Diseases Society of America guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria in adults. Clin Infect Dis 2005;40:643–54.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stevens DL, Bisno AL, Chambers HF, Everett ED, Dellinger P, Goldstein EJ, . Practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of skin and soft-tissue infections. Clin Infect Dis 2005;41:1373–406.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lipsky BA, Berendt AR, Deery HG, Embil JM, Joseph WS, Karchmer AW, . Diagnosis and treatment of diabetic foot infections. Clin Infect Dis 2004;39: 885–910.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kunin CM, Tupasi T, Craig WA. Use of antibiotics. A brief exposition of the problem and some tentative solutions. Ann Intern Med 1973;79:555–60.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones SR, Pannell J, Barks J, Yanchick YA, Bratton T, Browne R, . The effect of an educational program upon hospital antibiotic use. Am J Med Sci 1977;273:79–85.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Roberts C. Modelling patterns of agreement for nominal scales. Stat Med 2008;27:810–30.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greenland S. Modeling and variable selection in epidemiologic analysis. Am J Public Health 1989;79:340–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacDougall C, Polk RE. Antimicrobial stewardship programs in health care systems. Clin Microbiol Rev 2005;18:638–56.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Apisarnthanarak A, Danchaivijitr S, Khawcharoenporn T, Limsrivilai J, Warachan B, Bailey TC, . Effectiveness of education and antibiotic-control program in a tertiary care hospital in Thailand. Clin Infect Dis 2006; 42:768–75.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Willemsen I, Groenhuijzen A, Bogaers D, Stuurman A, van Keulen P, Kluytmans J. Appropriateness of antimicrobial therapy measured by repeated prevalence surveys. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2007;51: 864–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erbay A, Colpan A, Bodur H, Cevik MA, Samore MH, Ergönül O. Evaluation of antibiotic use in a hospital with an antibiotic restriction policy. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2003; 21:308–12.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tünger O, Dinç G, Ozbakkaloglu B, Atman UC, Algün U. Evaluation of rational antibiotic use. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2000;15:131–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erbay A, Bodur H, Akinci E, Colpan A. Evaluation of antibiotic use in intensive care units of a tertiary care hospital in Turkey. J Hosp Infect 2005;59:53–61.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Apisarnthanarak A, Danchaivijitr S, Bailey TC, Fraser VJ. Inappropriate antibiotic use in a tertiary care center in Thailand: an incidence study and review of experience in Thailand. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2006;27:416–20.
   Google Scholar
• Hecker MT, Aron DC, Patel NP, Lehmann MK, Donskey CJ. Unnecessary use of antimicrobials in hospitalized patients: current patterns of misuse with an emphasis on the antianaerobic spectrum of activity. Arch Intern Med 2003; 163:972–8.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tan JA, Naik VN, Lingard L. Exploring obstacles to proper timing of prophylactic antibiotics for surgical site infections. Qual Saf Health Care 2006;15:32–8.
   Google Scholar
• Raineri E, Pan A, Mondello P, Acquarolo A, Candiani A, Crema L. Role of the infectious diseases specialist consultant on the appropriateness of antimicrobial therapy prescription in an intensive care unit. Am J Infect Control 2008; 36:283–90.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Landis JR, Koch GG. The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics 1977;33:159–74.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar