References
- Mygland A, Ljostad U, Fingerle V, Rupprecht T, Schmutzhard E, Steiner I. EFNS guidelines on the diagnosis and management of European Lyme neuroborreliosis. Eur J Neurol 2010;17:8–16, e1–4.
- Brouqui P, Bacellar F, Baranton G, Birtles RJ, Bjoersdorff A, Blanco JR, et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis of tick-borne bacterial diseases in Europe. Clin Microbiol Infect 2004; 10:1108–32.
- Aguero-Rosenfeld ME, Wang G, Schwartz I, Wormser GP. Diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis. Clin Microbiol Rev 2005; 18:484–509.
- Broekhuijsen-van Henten DM, Braun KP, Wolfs TF. Clinical presentation of childhood neuroborreliosis; neurological examination may be normal. Arch Dis Child 2010; 95:910–4.
- Skogman BH, Croner S, Nordwall M, Eknefelt M, Ernerudh J, Forsberg P. Lyme neuroborreliosis in children: a prospective study of clinical features, prognosis, and outcome. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2008;27:1089–94.
- Eppes SC. Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of Lyme disease in children. Paediatr Drugs 2003;5:363–72.
- Oschmann P, Wellensiek HJ, Zhong W, Dorndorf W, Pflughaupt KW. Relationship between the Borrelia burgdorferi specific immune response and different stages and syndromes in neuroborreliosis. Infection 1997;25:292–7.
- Tveitnes D, Oymar K, Natas O. Laboratory data in children with Lyme neuroborreliosis, relation to clinical presentation and duration of symptoms. Scand J Infect Dis 2009;41: 355–62.
- Skogman BH, Croner S, Forsberg P, Ernerudh J, Lahdenne P, Sillanpaa H, et al. Improved laboratory diagnostics of Lyme neuroborreliosis in children by detection of antibodies to new antigens in cerebrospinal fluid. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2008;27:605–12.
- Rupprecht TA, Pfister HW, Angele B, Kastenbauer S, Wilske B, Koedel U. The chemokine CXCL13 (BLC): a putative diagnostic marker for neuroborreliosis. Neurology 2005;65: 448–50.
- Senel M, Rupprecht TA, Tumani H, Pfister HW, Ludolph AC, Brettschneider J. The chemokine CXCL13 in acute neuroborreliosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2010;81:929–33. Erratum in: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2010;81:1177.
- Kowarik MC, Cepok S, Sellner, J, Grummel V, Weber MS, Korn T, et al. CXCL13 is the major determinant for B cell recruitment to the CSF during neuroinflammation. J Neuroinflammation 2012;9:93.
- Zajkowska J, Moniuszko-Malinowska A, Pancewicz SA, Muszyńska-Mazur A, Kondrusik M, Grygorczuk S, et al. Evaluation of CXCL10, CXCL11, CXCL12, and CXCL13 chemokines in serum and cerebrospinal fluid in patients with tick borne encephalitis (TBE). Adv Med Sci 2011;56:311–7.
- Tjernberg I, Henningsson AJ, Eliasson I, Forsberg P, Ernerudh J. Diagnostic performance of cerebrospinal fluid chemokine CXCL13 and antibodies to the C6-peptide in Lyme neuroborreliosis. J Infect 2010;62:149–58.
- Wutte N, Berghold A, Loffler S, Zenz W, Daghofer E, Krainberger I, et al. CXCL13 chemokine in pediatric and adult neuroborreliosis. Acta Neurol Scand 2011;124: 321–8.
- van Burgel ND, Bakels F, Kroes AC, van Dam AP. Discriminating Lyme neuroborreliosis from other neuro-inflammatory diseases using levels of CXCL13 in cerebrospinal fluid. J Clin Microbiol 2011;49:2027–30.
- Schmidt C, Plate A, Angele B, Pfister HW, Wick M, Koedel U, et al. A prospective study on the role of CXCL13 in Lyme neuroborreliosis. Neurology 2011;76:1051–8.
- Rupprecht TA, Kirschning CJ, Popp B, Kastenbauer S, Fingerle V, Pfister HW, et al. Borrelia garinii induces CXCL13 production in human monocytes through toll-like receptor 2. Infect Immun 2007;75:4351–6.
- Rot A, von Andrian UH. Chemokines in innate and adaptive host defense: basic chemokinese grammar for immune cells. Annu Rev Immunol 2004;22:891–928.
- Wilske B, Fingerle V, Schulte-Spechtel U. Microbiological and serological diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 2007;49:13–21.
- Stanek G, Fingerle V, Hunfeld KP, Jaulhac B, Kaiser R, Krause A, et al. Lyme borreliosis: clinical case definitions for diagnosis and management in Europe. Clin Microbiol Infect 2011;17:69–79.