1,158
Views
37
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Article

Dynamic model of nonmedical opioid use trajectories and potential policy interventions

, PhD, , MS & , MPH
Pages 508-518 | Received 05 Aug 2014, Accepted 10 Mar 2015, Published online: 18 May 2015

References

  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Results from the 2005 national survey on drug use and health: national findings. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2006
  • Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Extended-release (ER) and long-acting (LA) opioid analgesics risk evaluation and mitigation strategy (REMS) [Internet]. [updated February 2015]. Available from: http://www.fda.gov/drugs/drugsafety/informationbydrugclass/ucm163647.htm [last accessed 8 May 2015]
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Results from the 2012 national survey on drug use and health: summary of national findings. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2013
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Prescription drug abuse and overdose: public health perspective [Internet]. 2012. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/primarycare/materials/opoidabuse/docs/pda-phperspective-508.pdf [last accessed 8 May 2015]
  • Sterman J. Business dynamics: systems thinking and modeling for a complex world. Boston, MA: Irwin/McGraw-Hill; 2000
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.). Unintentional drug poisoning in the United States. [Internet]. 2010. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/HomeandRecreationalSafety/pdf/poison-issue-brief.pdf [last accessed 8 May 2015]
  • Roper Starch Worldwide. Chronic pain in America: roadblocks to relief. A study conducted by Roper Starch Worldwide for American Academy for Pain Medicine, American Pain Society and Janssen Pharmaceutica. 1999
  • Institute of Medicine (U.S.). Committee on Advancing Pain Research C. Relieving pain in America: a blueprint for transforming prevention, care, education, and research. Washington, DC: National Academies Press; 2011
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality. Highlights of the 2011 drug abuse warning network (DAWN) findings on drug-related emergency department visits. Rockville, MD; 2013. Available from: http://www.samhsa.gov/data/2k13/DAWN127/sr127-DAWN-highlights.htm [last accessed 8 May 2015]
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Drug abuse warning network (DAWN), 2011: national estimates of drug-related emergency department visits. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2012
  • Chen LH, Hedegaard H, Warner M. Quickstats: number of deaths from poisoning, drug poisoning, and drug poisoning involving opioid analgesics – United States, 1999–2010. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2013;62:234
  • Gray JA, Hagemeier NE. Prescription drug abuse and DEA-sanctioned drug take-back events: characteristics and outcomes in rural Appalachia. Arch Intern Med 2012;172:1186–1187
  • Drug Enforcement Administration. DEA’s fifth national prescription drug take-back day results in another big haul [Internet]. News Release. 2012. Available from: http://www.dea.gov/docs/results_final.pdf [last accessed 8 May 2015]
  • PMP Center of Excellence. Briefing on PMP effectiveness: prescription drug monitoring programs: an effective tool in curbing the prescription drug abuse epidemic [Internet]. Brandeis University; 2011. Available from: http://www.pdmpexcellence.org/sites/all/pdfs/pmp_effectiveness_brief_revised_3_29_12.pdf [last accessed 8 May 2015]
  • Mastropietro DJ, Omidian H. Current approaches in tamper-resistant and abuse-deterrent formulations. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2013;39:611–624
  • Romach MK, Schoedel KA, Sellers EM. Update on tamper-resistant drug formulations. Drug Alcohol Depend 2013;130:13–23
  • Lankenau SE, Teti M, Silva K, Bloom JJ, Harocopos A, Treese M. Initiation into prescription opioid misuse amongst young injection drug users. Int J Drug Policy 2012;23:37–44
  • Inciardi JA, Surratt HL, Cicero TJ, Beard RA. Prescription opioid abuse and diversion in an urban community: the results of an ultrarapid assessment. Pain Med 2009;10:537–548
  • Daniulaityte R, Carlson RG, Kenne DR. Initiation to pharmaceutical opioids and patterns of misuse: preliminary qualitative findings obtained by the Ohio substance abuse monitoring network. J Drug Issues 2006;36:787–808
  • Canfield MC, Keller CE, Frydrych LM, Ashrafioun L, Purdy CH, Blondell RD. Prescription opioid use among patients seeking treatment for opioid dependence. J Addict Med 2010;4:108–113
  • Levy MS. An exploratory study of oxycontin use among individuals with substance use disorders. J Psychoactive Drugs 2007;39:271–276
  • Pollini RA, Banta-Green CJ, Cuevas-Mota J, Metzner M, Teshale E, Garfein RS. Problematic use of prescription-type opioids prior to heroin use among young heroin injectors. Subst Abuse Rehabil 2011;2:173--180
  • Peavy KM, Banta-Green CJ, Kingston S, Hanrahan M, Merrill JO, Coffin PO. “Hooked on” prescription-type opiates prior to using heroin: results from a survey of syringe exchange clients. J Psychoactive Drugs 2012;44:259–265
  • Jenkins L. Syringe exchange survey: drug use, injection practices, and overdose. Portland, OR: Multnomah County Health Department; 2014
  • Subramaniam GA, Stitzer MA. Clinical characteristics of treatment-seeking prescription opioid vs. heroin-using adolescents with opioid use disorder. Drug Alcohol Depend 2009;101:13–19
  • Butler SF, Cassidy TA, Chilcoat H, Black RA, Landau C, Budman SH, Coplan PM. Abuse rates and routes of administration of reformulated extended-release oxycodone: initial findings from a sentinel surveillance sample of individuals assessed for substance abuse treatment. J Pain 2012;14:351--358
  • Sterman JD. Learning from evidence in a complex world. Am J Public Health 2006;96:505--514
  • Weiss CH. Research for policy’s sake: the enlightenment function of social research. Policy Analysis 1977;3:531–545
  • System dynamics modeling tool. Available from: http://www.systemdynamics.org/what-is-s/ [last accessed 2 Mar 2015]
  • Homer JB. A system dynamics model of national cocaine prevalence. System Dynamics Rev 1993;9:49–78
  • Homer J, Hirsch G, Milstein B. Chronic illness in a complex health economy: the perils and promises of downstream and upstream reforms. System Dynamics Rev 2007;23:313–343
  • Milstein B, Homer J, Hirsch G. Analyzing national health reform strategies with a dynamic simulation model. American Journal of Public Health 2010;100:811--819
  • Nielsen A, Wakeland W. Dynamic simulation of the effect of tamper resistance on opioid misuse outcomes. In: Obaidat MS, Filipe J, Kacprzyk J, Pina N, eds. Simulation and modeling methodologies, technologies and applications, Vol. 256. New York: Springer International Publishing; 2014:169–181
  • Caro JJ, Briggs AH, Siebert U, Kuntz KM. Modeling good research practices – overview a report of the ISPOR-SMDM modeling good research practices task force – 1. Med Decis Making 2012;32:667–677
  • Schmidt TD, Haddox JD, Nielsen AE, Wakeland W, Fitzgerald J. Key data gaps regarding the public health issues associated with opioid analgesics. J Behav Health Serv Res 2014;1–14
  • Ventana Systems, Inc., 60 Jacob Gates Road, Harvard, MA 01451, USA. Available from: http:\\vensim.com [last accessed 2 Mar 2015]
  • Mui HZ, Sales P, Murphy S. Everybody’s doing it initiation to prescription drug misuse. J Drug Issues 2014;44:236–253
  • Rosenbaum M. Women on heroin. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press; 1981
  • Winkler D, Caulkins JP, Behrens DA, Tragler G. Estimating the relative efficiency of various forms of prevention at different stages of a drug epidemic. Socioecon Plann Sci 2004;38:43–56
  • Havens JR, Oser CB, Knudsen HK, Lofwall M, Stoops WW, Walsh SL, Leukefeld CG, Kral AH. Individual and network factors associated with non-fatal overdose among rural Appalachian drug users. Drug Alcohol Depend 2011;115:107–112
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Results from the 2010 national survey on drug use and health: national findings. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2011
  • Daniulaityte R, Falck R, Carlson RG. Sources of pharmaceutical opioids for non-medical use among young adults. J Psychoactive Drugs 2014;46:198–207
  • Compton WM, Volkow ND. Major increases in opioid analgesic abuse in the United States: concerns and strategies. Drug Alcohol Depend 2006;81:103–108
  • Bates C, Laciak R, Southwick A, Bishoff J. Overprescription of postoperative narcotics: a look at postoperative pain medication delivery, consumption and disposal in urological practice. J Urol 2011;185:551–555
  • Garnier LM, Arria AM, Caldeira KM, Vincent KB, O’Grady KE, Wish ED. Sharing and selling of prescription medications in a college student sample. J Clin Psychiatry 2010;71:262–269
  • Fishbain DA, Cole B, Lewis J, Rosomoff HL, Rosomoff RS. What percentage of chronic nonmalignant pain patients exposed to chronic opioid analgesic therapy develop abuse/addiction and/or aberrant drug-related behaviors? A structured evidence-based review. Pain Med 2008;9:444–459
  • McCabe SE, West BT, Teter CJ, Cranford JA, Ross-Durow PL, Boyd CJ. Adolescent nonmedical users of prescription opioids: brief screening and substance use disorders. Addict Behav 2012;37:651–656
  • McCabe SE, Cranford JA, Boyd CJ, Teter CJ. Motives, diversion and routes of administration associated with nonmedical use of prescription opioids. Addict Behav 2007;32:562–575
  • Passik SD, Hays L, Eisner N, Kirsh KL. Psychiatric and pain characteristics of prescription drug abusers entering drug rehabilitation. J Pain Palliat Care Pharmacother 2006;20:5–13
  • Hays LR. A profile of oxycontin addiction. J Addict Dis 2004;23:1–9
  • Butler SF, Black RA, Serrano JM, Wood ME, Budman SH. Characteristics of prescription opioid abusers in treatment: prescription opioid use history, age, use patterns, and functional severity. J Opioid Manag 2010;6:239--241, 246--252
  • Young AM, Havens JR, Leukefeld CG. Route of administration for illicit prescription opioids: a comparison of rural and urban drug users. Harm Reduct J 2010;7:1--7
  • Surratt H, Kurtz SP, Cicero TJ. Alternate routes of administration and risk for HIV among prescription opioid abusers. J Addict Dis 2011;30:334–341
  • Kral A, Novak SP, Wenger L, Chu D, Iguchi MY, Bluthenthal R. Which comes first, prescription opiate medications or heroin? Drug Alcohol Depend 2014;140:e111–111
  • Wakeland W, Nielsen A, Schmidt TD, McCarty D, Webster LR, Fitzgerald J, Haddox JD. Modeling the impact of simulation educational interventions on the use and abuse of pharmaceutical opioids in the United States: a report on initial efforts. Health Educ Behav 2013;40:74S--86S
  • Seelye KQ. Heroin in New England, more abundant and deadly. New York Times, 18 July 2013
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Outcomes of drug-related emergency department visits associated with polydrug use. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 12 July 2012
  • Hall AJ, Logan JE, Toblin RL, Kaplan JA, Kraner JC, Bixler D, Crosby AE, Paulozzi LJ. Patterns of abuse among unintentional pharmaceutical overdose fatalities. JAMA 2008;300:2613–2620
  • Katz N, Dart RC, Bailey E, Trudeau J, Osgood E, Paillard F. Tampering with prescription opioids: nature and extent of the problem, health consequences, and solutions. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2011;37:205–217
  • Drug Enforcement Administration. DEA’s national prescription drug take-back days meet a growing need for Americans [Internet]. Available from: http://www.justice.gov/dea/divisions/hq/2014/hq050814.shtml. 2014
  • Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. Drug safety and availability – statement on proposed hydrocodone reclassification from Janet Woodcock, MD, director, center for drug evaluation and research [Internet]. Available from: http://www.fda.gov/drugs/drugsafety/ucm372089.htm [last accessed 8 May 2015]
  • Beyene KA, Sheridan J, Aspden T. Prescription medication sharing: a systematic review of the literature. Am J Public Health 2014;104:e15–e26
  • Webster L, St. Marie B, McCarberg B, Passik SD, Panchal SJ, Voth E. Review article current status and evolving role of abuse-deterrent opioids in managing patients with chronic pain. J Opioid Manag 2011;7:235–245
  • Kirsh K, Peppin J, Coleman J. Characterization of prescription opioid abuse in the United States: focus on route of administration. J Pain Palliat Care Pharmacother 2012;26:348–361
  • Jones CM. Frequency of prescription pain reliever nonmedical use: 2002–2003 and 2009–2010. Arch Intern Med 2012;172:1265–1267
  • Cassidy T. Impact of tamper resistant opioid formulations: findings from NAVIPPRO [Internet]. 2012. Available from: http://www.navippro.com/uploadedFiles/TamperResistant.pdf [last accessed 8 May 2015]
  • Severtson SG, Bartelson BB, Davis JM, Muñoz A, Schneider MF, Chilcoat H, Coplan PM, Surratt H, et al. Reduced abuse, therapeutic errors, and diversion following reformulation of extended-release oxycodone in 2010. J Pain 2013;14:1122--1130
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. National household survey on drug abuse advance report [Internet]. Office of Applied Studies; 1995. Available from: http://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR06950.v2 [last accessed 8 May 2015]
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Results from the 2011 national survey on drug use and health: detailed tables. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2012
  • Office of National Drug Control Policy. What America’s users spend on illegal drugs, 2000–2006. Washington, DC: Executive Office of the President; 2012
  • Office of National Drug Control Policy. What America’s users spend on illegal drugs: 1988–2000. Washington, DC: Executive Office of the President; 2001

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.