Advanced search
Publication Cover
Medical Teacher Volume 35, 2013 - Issue 9
Submit an article Journal homepage
1,252
Views
35
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Does the think-aloud protocol reflect thinking? Exploring functional neuroimaging differences with thinking (answering multiple choice questions) versus thinking aloud

Steven J. DurningUniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, USA; STEVEN J. DURNING, MD, Phd, is Professor of Medicine and Pathology who directs an introduction to clinical reasoning course and co-directs the Long Term Career Outcome Study at USU.Correspondence[email protected]
,
Anthony R. Artino Jr.Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, USA; ANTHONY R. ARTINO, Jr., Phd is Associate Professor of Medicine and Preventive Medicine & Biometrics. He has a PhD in educational psychology and co-directs the Long Term Career Outcome Study at USU.
,
Thomas J. BeckmanMayo Clinic, USA; THOMAS J. BECKMAN, MD is Professor of Medicine and Medical Education at the Mayo Clinic.
,
John GranerUniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, USA; JOHN GRANER, Phd is an fMRI analyst at the Uniformed Services University.
,
Cees van der VleutenMaastricht University, the Netherlands; CEES VAN DER VLEUTEN, Phd is Professor of Education at Maastricht University.
,
Eric HolmboeAmerican Board of Internal Medicine, USA; ERIC HOLMBOE is the Senior Vice President and Chief Medical Officer for the American Board of Internal Medicine.
&
Lambert SchuwirthFlinders University, Australia; LAMBERT SCHUWIRTH, MD, Phd is Professor of Medical Education at Flinders University.
 show all
Pages 720-726 | Published online: 27 Jun 2013

References

  • Anderson JL. Cognitive psychology and its implications7th. World Publishers, New York 2010
  • Baddeley AD. Working memory. Clarendon Press, Oxford 1986
  • Baddeley A. Working Memory. Science 1992; 255: 556–559
  • Beuachamp MS, Haxby JV, Jennings JE, DeYoe EA. An fMRI version of the Farnsworth-munsell 100-hue test reveals multiple color-selective areas in human ventral occipitotemporal cortex. Cerbral Cortex 1999; 9: 257–263
  • Brennan TA, Leape LL, Laird NM, et al. Incidence of adverse events and negligence in hospitalized patients: Results of the Harvard Medical Practice Study. N Eng J Med 1991; 324: 370–376
  • Cavanna AE, Trimble MR. The precuneus: A review of its functional anatomy and behavioural correlates. Brain 2006; 129: 564–583
  • Cox RW. AFNI: Software for analysis and visualization of functional magnetic resonance neuroimages. Comput Biomed Res 1996; 29: 162–173
  • Croskerry P. The importance of cognitive errors in diagnosis and strategies to minimize them. Acad Med 2003; 78: 775–780
  • Desmond JE, Chen SH, DeRosa E, Pryor MR, Pfefferbaum A, Sullivan EV. Increased frontocerebellar activation in alcoholics during verbal working memory: An fMRI study. Neuroimage 2003; 19: 1510–1520
  • Ericsson KA, Simon HA. Protocol analysis: Verbal reports as data. 1984. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA 1984
  • Ericsson KA, Simon HA. Verbal reports on thinking. Introspection in second language research, C Faerch, G Kasper. Multilingual Matters, Clevedon, England 1987
  • Ericsson KA, Charness N, Feltovich PJ, Hoffman RR. The Cambridge Handbook of expertise and expert performance. Cambridge University Press, New York 2006
  • Graybiel AM. The basal ganglia: Learning new tricks and loving it. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2005; 15: 638–644
  • Higgs J, Jones MA. Clinical decision making and multiple problem spaces. Clinical reasoning in the health professions3rd, J Higgs, MA Jones, S Loftus, N Christensen. Elsevier. Butterworth Heinemann, Amsterdam 2008
  • Jeste DV, Harris JC. Wisdom – A neuroscience perspective. JAMA 2010; 304(14)1602–1603
  • Klasen M, Zvyagintsev M, Weber R, Mathiak KA, Mathiak K. Think aloud during fMRI: Neuronal correlates of subjective experience in video games. Lect Notes Comput Sc 2008; 5294: 132–138
  • Koepp MJ, Gunn RN, Lawrence AD, Cunningham VJ, Dagher A, Jones T, Brooks DJ, Bench CJ, Grasby PM. Evidence for striatal dopamine release during a video game. Nature 1988; 393: 266–268
  • Melnick DE. Licensing examinations in North America: Is external audit valuable?. Med Teach 2009; 31: 212–214
  • Messick S. Meaning and values in test validation: The science and ethics of assessment. Educ Res 1989; 18: 5–11
  • Newell A, Simon HA. Human problem solving. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ 1972
  • Russo JE, Johnson EJ, Stephens DL. The validity of verbal protocols. Mem Cognition 1989; 17: 759–769
  • Rosen HJ, Ojemann JG, Ollinger JM, Petersen SE. Comparison of brain activation during word retrieval done silently and aloud using fMRI. Brain and Cognition 2000; 42: 201–217
  • Riess H. Empathy in medicine – A neurobiological perspective. JAMA 2010; 304(14)1604–1605
  • Stuss D, Knight RT. The frontal lobes. Oxford University Press, New York 2002
  • Van der Vleuten CPM, Newble DI. How can we test clinical reasoning?. The Lancet 1995; 345: 1032–1034

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Order Reprints Request Corporate Permissions

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

Request Academic Permissions

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.

Related research

People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.

Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.

Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.