Changing trends in diabetes mellitus in pregnancy

References

• ACOG. 2001. Practice Bulletin 30. Clinical management guidelines for obstetrician-gynecologists. Gestational diabetes. (Replaced Technical Bulletin 200, 1994; Reaffirmed in 2010). Obstetrics and Gynecology 98:525–538.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ACOG. 2005. Practice Bulletin 60. Clinical management guidelines for obstetrician-gynecologists. Pre-gestational diabetes mellitus. (Reaffirmed in 2010). Obstetrics and Gynecology 105:675–685.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• American Diabetes Association. 2009. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus (Position statement). Diabetes Care 32:62–67.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bell R, Bailey K, Cresswell T, Hawthorne G, Critchley J, Lewis-Barned N. 2008. Trends in prevalence and outcomes of pregnancy in women with pre-existing type I and type II diabetes. Northern Diabetic Pregnancy Survey Steering Group. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 115:445–452.
   Google Scholar
• Crowther CA, Hiller JE, Moss JR, McPhee AJ, Jeffries WS, Robinson JS. 2005. Australian Carbohydrate Intolerance Study in Pregnant Women (ACHOIS) Trial Group. Effect of treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus on pregnancy outcomes. New England Journal of Medicine 352:2477–2486.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Casson IF, Clarke CA, Howard CV, McKendrick O, Pennycook S, Pharoah PO et al. 1997. Outcomes of pregnancy in insulin dependent diabetic women: results of a 5-year population cohort study. British Medical Journal 315:275–278.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eidem I, Stene LC, Henriksen T, Hanssen KF, Vangen S, Vollset SE et al. 2010. Congenital anomalies in newborns of women with type 1 diabetes: nationwide population-based study in Norway, 1999–2004. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica 89:1403–1411.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feig D, Palda V. 2002. Type 2 diabetes in pregnancy: a growing concern. Lancet 359:1690–1692.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Getahun D, Nath C, Ananth CV, Chavez MR, Smulian JC. 2008. Gestational diabetes in the United States: temporal trends 1989 through 2004. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 198:525.e1–e5.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gorgal R, Gonçalves E, Barros M, Namora G, Magalhães A, Rodrigues T et al. 2012. Gestational diabetes mellitus: a risk factor for non-elective cesarean section. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research 38:154–159.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• International Association for the Study of Obesity (IASO). 2011. London: IASO.
   Google Scholar
• Kitzmiller JL, Gavin LA, Gin GD, Jovanovic-Peterson J, Main EK, Zigrang WD. 1991. Preconception care of diabetes: glycemic control prevents congenital anomalies. Journal of the American Medical Association 265:731–736.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Landon MB, Gabbe SG. 2011. Gestational diabetes mellitus. Obstetrics and Gynecology 118:1379–1393.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Landon MB, Spong CY, Thom E, Carpenter MW, Ramin SM, Casey B et al. 2009. A multicenter, randomized trial of treatment for mild gestational diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine 361:1339–1348.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lawrence JM, Contreras R, Chen W, Sacks DA. 2008. Trends in the prevalence of preexisting diabetes and gestational diabetes mellitus among a racially/ethnically diverse population of pregnant women, 1999–2005. Diabetes Care 31:899–904.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Macintosh MC, Fleming KM, Bailey JA, Doyle P, Modder J, Acolet D et al. 2006. Perinatal mortality and congenital anomalies in babies of women with type 1 or type 2 diabetes in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland: population based study. British Medical Journal 333:177.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Metzger BE, Lowe LP, Dyer AR, Trimble ER, Chaovarindr U, Coustan DR et al. 2008. HAPO Study Cooperative Research Group. Hyperglycemia and adverse pregnancy outcomes. New England Journal of Medicine 358:1991–2002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NICE. 2008. Clinical guideline 63: Diabetes in pregnancy. Management of diabetes and its complications from pre-conception to the postnatal period. London: National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence.
   Google Scholar
• Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Curtin LR, McDowell MA, Tabak CJ, Flegal KM. 2006. Prevalence of overweight and obesity in the United States, 1999–2004. Journal of the American Medical Association 295:1549–1555.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Remsberg KE, McKeown RE, McFarland KF, Irwin LS. 1999. Diabetes in pregnancy and cesarean delivery. Diabetes Care 22:1561–1567.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar