Tissue-specific effects of fenthion on glutathione metabolism modulated by NAC and BSO in Oreochromis niloticus

References

• Ahmad, I., Pacheco, M., Santos, M. A. (2006). Anguilla anguilla L. oxidative stress biomarkers: an in situ study of freshwater wetland ecosystem (Pateira de Fermentelos, Portugal). Chemosphere 65:952–962.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson, M. E. (1985). Determination of glutathione and glutathione disulfide in biological samples. Meth Enzymol 113:548–555.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• APHA, AWWA, WPCF. (1981). Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater (p 616). New York: American Public Health Association.
   Google Scholar
• Aykin-Burns, N., Franklin, E. A., Ercal, N. (2005). Effects of N-acetylcysteine on lead-exposed PC-12 cells. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 49:119–123.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beutler, E. (1984). Red cell metabolism: a manual of biochemical methods, 2nd ed. (p 160). New York: Grune and Starton.
   Google Scholar
• Bharath, S., Hsu, M., Kaur, D., Rajagopalan, S., Andersen, J. K. (2002). Glutathione, iron, and Parkinson’s disease. Biochem Pharmacol 64:1037–1048.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Camera, E., Picardo, M. (2002). Analytical methods to investigate glutathione and related compounds in biological and pathological processes. J Chromatogr 781B:181–206.
   Google Scholar
• Carlberg, I., Mannervik, B. (1975). Purification and characterization of the flavoenzyme, glutathione reductase, from rat liver. J Biol Chem 250:5475–5480.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cnubben, N. H. P., Rietjens, I.M.C.M., Wortelboer, H., van Zanden, J., van Bladeren, P. J. (2001). The interplay of glutathione-related processes in antioxidant defense. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 10:141–152.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dekant, W. (2001). Chemical-induced nephrotoxicity mediated by glutathione S-conjugate formation. Toxicol Lett 124:21–36.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• EPA. (2003). Fenthion; notice of receipt of request to voluntarily cancel certain pesticide registrations. Environmental Protection Agency OPP-2003-0122; FRL-7304-6, 68, 104, 32495–32497.
   Google Scholar
• Estrela, J. M., Ortega, A., Obrador, E. (2006). Glutathione in cancer biology and therapy. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 43:143–181.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gallagher, E. P., Hasspieler, B. M., Di Giulio, R. T. (1992). Effects of buthionine sulfoximine and diethyl maleate on glutathione turnover in the channel catfish. Biochem Pharmacol 43:2209–2215.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gerhard, G. S. (2007). Small laboratory fish as models for aging research. Ageing Res Rev 6:64–72.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Griffith, O. W. (1980). Determination of glutathione and glutathione disulfide using glutathione reductase and 2-vinylpyridine. Anal Biochem 106:207–212.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Griffith, O. W. (1999). Biologic and pharmacologic regulation of mammalian glutathione synthesis. Free Radic Biol Med 27:922–935.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Habig, W. H., Pabst, M. J., Jakoby, W. B. (1974). Glutathione S-transferases. The first enzymatic step in mercapturic acid formation. J Biol Chem 249:7130–7139.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jokanovic, M. (2001). Biotransformation of organophosphorus compounds. Toxicology 166:139–160.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kwong, T. C. (2002). Organophosphate pesticides: biochemistry and clinical toxicology. Ther Drug Monit 24:144–149.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lowry, O. H., Rosebrough, N. J., Farr, A. L., Randall, R. J. (1951). Protein measurement with folin phenol reagent. J Biochem 193:265–275.
   Google Scholar
• Masella, R., Di Benedetto, R., Vari, R., Filesi, C., Giovannini, C. (2005). Novel mechanisms of natural antioxidant compounds in biological systems: involvement of glutathione and glutathione-related enzymes. J Nutr Biochem 16:577–586.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Minich, T., Riemer, J., Schulz, J. B., Wielinga, P., Wijnholds, J., Dringen, R. (2006). The multidrug resistance protein 1 (Mrp1), but not Mrp5, mediates export of glutathione and glutathione disulfide from brain astrocytes. J Neurochem 97:373–384.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mitchell, A. E., Morin, D., Lakritz, J., Jones, A. D. (1997). Quantitative profiling of tissue- and gender-related expression of glutathione S-transferase isoenzymes in the mouse. Biochem J 325:207–216.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ohkawa, H., Ohishi, N., Tagi, K. (1979). Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction. Anal Chem 95:351–358.
   Google Scholar
• Oktyabrsky, O. N., Smirnova, G. V. (2007). Redox regulation of cellular functions. Biochemistry (Moscow) 72:132–145.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orlowski, M., Meister, A. (1965). Isolation of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase from hog kidney. J Biol Chem 240:338–347.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ozcan Oruc, E., Sevgiler, Y., Üner, N. (2004). Tissue-specific oxidative stress responses in fish exposed to 2,4-D and azinphosmethyl. Comp Biochem Physiol 137C:43–51.
   Google Scholar
• Pastore, A., Federici, G., Bertini, E., Piemonte, F. (2003). Analysis of glutathione: implication in redox and detoxification. Clin Chim Acta 333:19–39.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pena-Llopis, S., Pena, J. B., Sancho, E., Fernandez-Vega, C., Ferrando, M. D. (2001). Glutathione-dependent resistance of the European eel, Anguilla anguilla, to the herbicide molinate. Chemosphere 45:671–681.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pena-Llopis, S., Ferrando, M. D., Pena, J. B. (2003). Fish tolerance to organophosphate-induced oxidative stress is dependent on the glutathione metabolism and enhanced by N-acetylcysteine. Aquat Toxicol 65:337–360.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Piner, P., Sevgiler, Y., Üner, N. (2007). In vivo effects of fenthion on oxidative processes by the modulation of glutathione metabolism in the brain of Oreochromis niloticus. Environ Toxicol 22:605–612.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PMRA. (2004). Reevaluation of fenthion. Pest Management Regulatory Agency, reevaluation decision document, RRD 2004–10.
   Google Scholar
• Sevgiler, Y., Piner, P., Üner, N. (2007). Effects of N-acetylcysteine on oxidative responses in the liver of fenthion exposed Cyprinus carpio. Pestic Biochem Physiol 87:248–254.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stephensen, E., Sturve, J., Förlin, L. (2002). Effects of redox cycling compounds on glutathione content and activity of glutathione-related enzymes in rainbow trout liver. Comp Biochem Physiol 133C:435–442.
   Google Scholar
• Tandon, S. K., Singh, S., Prasad, S., Khandekar, K., Dwivedi, V. K., Chatterjee, M., et al. (2003). Reversal of cadmium-induced oxidative stress by chelating agent, antioxidant, or their combination in rat. Toxicol Lett 145:211–217.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Üner, N., Sevgiler, Y., Piner, P., Durmaz, H. (2008). Modulation of fenthion-induced oxidative effects by BSO in the liver of Cyprinus carpio L. Drug Chem Toxicol 31:353–369.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Üner, N., Sevgiler, Y., Durmaz, H., Piner, P., Çınkıloğlu, E. (2009). N-acetylcysteine provides dose-dependent protection against fenthion toxicity in the brain of Cyprinus carpio L. Comp Biochem Physiol 150C:33–38.
   Google Scholar
• Üner, N., Sevgiler, Y., Piner, P. (in press). Tissue-specific in vivo inhibition of cholinesterases by the organophosphate fenthion in Oreochromis niloticus. Environ Toxicol DOI 10.1002/tox.20514.
   Google Scholar
• VanSteenhouse, J. L., Fettman, M. J., Gould, D. H. (1991). The effect of glutathione depletion by buthionine sulphoximine on 1-cyano-3,4-epithiobutane toxicity. Food Chem Toxicol 29:153–157.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Visarius, T. M., Putt, D. A., Schare, J. M., Pegouske, D. M., Lash, L. H. (1996). Pathways of glutathione metabolism and transport in isolated proximal tubular cells from rat kidney. Biochem Pharmacol 52:259–272.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watanabe, T., Sagisaka, H., Arakawa, S., Shibaya, Y., Watanabe, M., Igarashi, I., et al. (2003). A novel model of continuous depletion of glutathione in mice treated with L-buthionine (S, R)-sulfoximine. J Toxicol Sci 28:455–469.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zhang, J., Shen, H., Wang, X., Wu, J., Xue, Y. (2004). Effects of chronic exposure of 2,4-dichlorophenol on the antioxidant system in liver of freshwater fish Carassius auratus. Chemosphere 55:167–174.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar