References
- Bandyopadhyay, U., Bhattacharyya, D. K., Chatterjee, R., Banerjee, R. K. (1995). Irreversible inactivation of lactoperoxidase by mercaptomethylimidazole through generation of a thiyl radical: its use as a probe to study the active site. Biochem J 306(Pt 3):751–757.
- Beckett, G. J., Arthur, J. R. (2005). Selenium and endocrine systems. J Endocrinol 184:455–465.
- Bobadilla, I., Franco, M., Cruz, D., Zamora, J., Robles, S. G., Chavez, E. (2002). Hypothyroidism protects the myocardium against ischemia-reperfusion injury. Arch Cardiol Mex 72(Suppl 1):S27–S30.
- Bruck, R., Weiss, S., Traister, A., Zvibel, I., Aeed, H., Halpern, Z., et al. (2007). Induced hypothyroidism accelerates the regression of liver fibrosis in rats. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 22:2189–2194.
- Calañas-Continente, A., Espinosa, M., Manzano-García, G., Santamaría, R., López-Rubio, F., Aljama, P. (2005). Necrotizing glomerulonephritis and pulmonary hemorrhage associated with carbimazole therapy. Thyroid 15:285–288.
- Cano-Europa, E., Blas-Valdivia, V., Franco-Colín, M., Gallardo-Casas, C. A., Ortiz-Butron, R. (2009). Methimazole-induced hypothyroidism causes cellular damage in the spleen, heart, liver, lung, and kidney. Acta Histochem Doi: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2009.02.014.
- Cano-Europa, E., Lopez-Galindo, G. E., Hernandez-Garcia, A., Blas-Valdivia, V., Gallardo-Casas, C. A., Vargas-Lascari, M., et al. (2008a). Lidocaine affects the redox environment and the antioxidant enzymatic system causing oxidative stress in the hippocampus and amygdala of adult rats. Life Sci 83:681–685.
- Cano-Europa, E., Perez-Severiano, F., Vergara, P., Ortiz-Butron, R., Rios, C., Segovia, J., et al. (2008b). Hypothyroidism induces selective oxidative stress in amygdala and hippocampus of rat. Metab Brain Dis 23:275–287.
- Carlberg, L., Mannervik, B. (1975). Purification and characterization of the flavoenzyme glutathione reductase from rat liver. J Biol Chem 250:5475–5480.
- Casallo-Blanco, S., Valero, M. A., Sanchez, M. F., de Matias-Salces, L., Blanco-Gonzalez, J. J., Martin-Barranco, M. J. (2007). Methimazole- and propylthiouracil-induced acute toxic hepatitis. Gastroenterol Hepatol 30:268–270.
- Chávez, E., Franco, M., Reyes-Vivas, H., Zazueta, C., Ramirez, J., Carrillo, R. (1998). Hypothyroidism renders liver mitochondria resistant to the opening of membrane permeability transition pore. Biochim Biophys Acta 1407:243–248.
- Chehade, J., Kim, J., Pinnas, J. L., Mooradian, A. D. (1999). Malondialdehyde binding of rat cerebral proteins is reduced in experimental hypothyroidism. Brain Res 829:201–203.
- Choudhury, S., Chainy, G. B., Mishro, M. M. (2003). Experimentally induced hypo- and hyperthyroidism influence on the antioxidant defence system in adult rat testis. Andrologia 35:131–140.
- Dalle-Donne, I., Rossi, R., Giustarini, D., Colombo, R., Milzani, A. (2007). S-glutathionylation in protein redox regulation. Free Radic Biol Med 43:883–898.
- Das, K., Chainy, G. B. N. (2004). Thyroid hormone influences antioxidant defense system in adult rat brain. Neurochem Res 29:1755–1766.
- Das, K., Chainy, G. B. N. (2001). Modulation of rat liver mitochondrial antioxidant defence system by thyroid hormone. Biochim Biophys Acta 1537:1–13.
- Dasgupta, A., Das, S., Sarkar, P. K. (2005). Thyroid hormone stimulates gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in the developing rat cerebra and in astroglial cultures. J Neurosci Res 82:851–857.
- Decker, C. J., Doerge, D. R. (1992). Covalent binding of 14C- and 35S-labeled thiocarbamides in rat hepatic microsomes. Biochem Pharmacol 43:881–888.
- Gessl, A., Waldhausl, W. (1998). Elevated CD69 expression on naïve peripheral blood T-cells in hyperthyroid Graves’ disease and autoimmune thyroiditis: discordant effect of methimazole on HLA-DR and CD69. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 87:168–175.
- Halliwell, B., Gutteridge, J. M. C. (2007). Free radicals in biology and medicine. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
- Hoch, F. L. (1988). Lipids and thyroid hormones. Prog Lipid Res 27:199–270.
- Hulbert, A. (2000). Thyroid hormones and their effects: a new perspective. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 75:519–621.
- Kahl, R., Kampkotter, A., Watjen, W., Chovolou, Y. (2004). Antioxidant enzymes and apoptosis. Drug Metab Rev 36:747–762.
- Lee, P. W., Neal, R. A. (1978). Metabolism of methimazole by rat liver cytochrome P-450-containing monoxygenases. Drug Metab Dispos 6:591–600.
- Mizutani, T., Yoshida, K., Kawazoe, S. (1994). Formation of toxic metabolites from thiabendazole and other thiazoles in mice. Identification of thioamides as ring cleavage products. Drug Metab Dispos 22:750–755.
- Neal, R. A., Halpert, J. (1982). Toxicology of thiono-sulfur compounds. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 22:321–339.
- Oren, R., Dotan, I., Papa, M., Marravi, Y., Aeed, H., Barg, J., et al. (1996). Inhibition of experimentally induced cirrhosis in rats by hypothyroidism. Hepatology 24:419–423.
- Ortiz-Butron, R., Pacheco-Rosado, J., Hernandez-Garcia, A., Briones-Velasco, M., Rocha, L. (2003). Mild thyroid hormones deficiency modifies benzodiazepine and mu-opioid receptor binding in rats. Neuropharmacology 44:111–116.
- Rastogi, L., Godbole, M. M., Ray, M., Rathore, P., Rathore, P., Pradhan, S., et al. (2006). Reduction in oxidative stress and cell death explains hypothyroidism-induced neuroprotection subsequent to ischemia/reperfusion insult. Exp Neurol 200:290–300.
- Rojano, J., Sasian, S., Gavilan, I., Aguilar, M., Escobar, L., Giron, J. A. (1998). Serial analysis of the effects of methimazole or radical therapy on circulating CD16/56 subpopulations in Graves’ disease. Eur J Endocrinol 139:314–316.
- Sulakhe, S. J., Tran, S. T., Pulga, V. B. (1990). Modulation of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase activity in rat liver plasma membranes by thyroid hormone. Int J Biochem 22:997–1004.
- Taussky, H. H., Shorr, E. (1953). A microcolorimetric method for the determination of inorganic phosphorus. J Biol Chem 202:675–685.
- Tenorio-Velásquez, V. M., Barrera, D., Franco, M., Tapia, E., Hernández-Pando, R., Medina-Campos, O. N., et al. (2005). Hypothyroidism attenuates protein tyrosine nitration, oxidative stress, and renal damage induced by ischemia and reperfusion: effect unrelated to antioxidant enzymes activities. BMC Nephrol 7:6–12.
- Tsai, M. H., Chang, Y. L., Wu, V. C., Chang, C. C., Huang, T. S. (2001). Methimazole-induced pulmonary hemorrhage associated with antimyeloperoxidase-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody: a case report. J Formos Med Assoc 100:772–775.
- Valko, M., Leibfritz, D., Moncol, J., Cronin, M. T., Mazur, M., Telser, J. (2007). Free radicals and antioxidants in normal physiological functions and human disease. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 39:44–84.
- Wang, L. C., Tsai, W. Y., Yang, Y. H., Chiang, B. L. (2003). Methimazole-induced lupus erythematosus: a case report. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 36:278–281.
- Wlodek, L. (2002). Beneficial and harmful effects of thiols. Pol J Pharmacol 54:215–223.
- Woeber, K. A. (2002). Methimazole-induced hepatotoxicity. Endocr Pract 8:222–224.