The Research Basis for Robert Whitaker's “Anatomy of An Epidemic: Magic Bullets, Psychiatric Drugs and the Astonishing Rise of Mental Illness in America

REFERENCES

• American Psychiatric Association. (1984). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (3rd ed., rev.). Washington, DC: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Baldessarini, R. J. (1995). Risks and implications of interrupting maintenance psychotropic drug therapy. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 63(3-4), 137–141.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Baldessarini, R. J., Tondo, L., Ghiani, C., & Lepri, B. (2010). Illness risk following rapid versus gradual discontinuation of antidepressants. American Journal of Psychiatry, 168(8), 934–941.
   Google Scholar
• Baldessarini, R. J., Vieta, E., Calabrese, J. R., Tohen, M., & Bowden, C. L. (2010). Bipolar depression: Overview and commentary. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 18(3), 143–157. doi: 10.3109/10673221003747955
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cowley, G., Springen, K., Leonard, E. A., Robins, K., and Gordon, J. The Promise of Prozac. Newsweek (March 26, 1990), 38–41.
   Google Scholar
• Fava, G. A. (1994). Do antidepressant and antianxiety drugs increase chronicity in affective disorders? Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 61(3-4), 125–131.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fava, G. A. (1999). Potential sensitising effects of antidepressant drugs on depression. CNS Drugs, 12(4), 247–256.
   Google Scholar
• Fava, G. A. (2003). Can long term treatment with antidepressant drugs worsen the course of depression? Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 64(2), 123–133.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fournier, J. C., DeRubeis, R. J., Hollon, S. D., Dimidjian, S., Amsterdam, J. D., Shelton, R. C. (2010). Antidepressant drug effects and depression severity: A patient-level meta-analysis. Journal of the American Medical Association, 303, 47–53.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fox, H. A. (2002). The natural course of depression: Kraepelin and beyond. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 10(4), 249–253.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gilmer, W. S., Trivedi, M. H., Rush, A. J., Wisniewski, S. R., Luther, J., Howland, R. H., (2005). Factors associated with chronic depressive episodes: a preliminary report from the STAR-D project. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 112(6), 425–433.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Goldberg, D., Privett, M., Ustun, B., Simon, G., & Linden, M. (1998). The effects of detection and treatment on the outcome of major depression in primary care: A naturalistic study in 15 cities. British Journal of General Practice, 48(12), 1840–1844.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hamilton, M. (1960). A rating scale for depression. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 23(1), 56–62.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirsch, I., Deacon, B. J., Huedo-Medina, T. B., Scoboria, A., Moore, T. J., & Johnson, B. T. (2008). Initial severity and antidepressant benefits: A meta-analysis of data submitted to the Food and Drug Administration. PLoS Medicine, 5(2), e45. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.0050045
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyer, J. M., Nasrallah, H. A., McEvoy, J. P., Goff, D. C., Davis, S. M., Chakos, M., (2005). The Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE) Schizophrenia Trial: Clinical comparison of subgroups with and without the metabolic syndrome. Schizophrenia Research, 80(1), 9–10. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2005.07.015
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Meyer, J. M., Nasrallah, H. A., McEvoy, J. P., Goff, D. C., Davis, S. M., Chakos, M., (2005). The Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE) Schizophrenia Trial: Clinical comparison of subgroups with and without the metabolic syndrome. Schizophrenia Research, 80(1), 9–18. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2005.07.015
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nierenberg, A. A., Ostacher, M. J., Calabrese, J. R., Ketter, T. A., Marangell, L. B., Miklowitz, D. J., (2006). Treatment-Resistant Bipolar Depression: A STEP-BD Equipoise Randomized Effectiveness Trial of Antidepressant Augmentation With Lamotrigine, Inositol, or Risperidone. American Journal of Psychiatry, 163(2), 210–216.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ronalds, C., Creed, F., Stone, K., Webb, S., & Tomenson, B. (1997). Outcome of anxiety and depressive disorders in primary care. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 171(5), 427–433.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Strom, B. L., Schinnar, R., & Hennessy, S. (2012). Comparative effectiveness research. In B. L. Strom, S. E. Kimmel, & S. Hennessy (Eds.), Pharmacoepidemiology (5th ed., pp. 561–579). Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell.
   Google Scholar
• Turner, E. H., Matthews, A. M., Linardatos, E., Tell, R. A., & Rosenthal, R. (2008). Selective publication of antidepressant trials and its influence on apparent efficacy. New England Journal of Medicine, 358(3), 252–260.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Weel-Baumgarten, E. M., van den Bosch, W. J., Hekster, Y. A., van den Hoogen, H. J., & Zitman, F. G. (2000). Treatment of depression related to recurrence: 10-year follow-up in general practice. Journal of Clinical Pharmacy & Therapeutics, 25(1), 61–66.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Whitaker, R. (2010). Anatomy of an epidemic: Magic bullets, psychiatric drugs and the astonishing rise of mental illness in America. New York, NY: Crown.
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. (2002). The world health report 2002-Reducing Risks, Promoting Healthy Life. Geneva. Available: http://www.who.int/whr/2002/en/
   Google Scholar