2,707
Views
12
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
REVIEW

Conservative Management of Congenital Muscular Torticollis: An Evidence-Based Algorithm and Preliminary Treatment Parameter Recommendations

, , , , &
Pages 453-466 | Received 19 May 2012, Accepted 04 Jan 2013, Published online: 06 Feb 2013

REFERENCES

  • Bandy, W. D., & Irion, J. M. (1994). The effect of time on static stretch on the flexibility of the hamstring muscles. Physical Therapy, 74(9), 845–850; discussion 850–842.
  • Bandy, W. D., Irion, J. M., & Briggler, M. (1997). The effect of time and frequency of static stretching on flexibility of the hamstring muscles. Physical Therapy, 77(10), 1090–1096.
  • Bandy, W. D., Irion, J. M., & Briggler, M. (1998). The effect of static stretch and dynamic range of motion training on the flexibility of the hamstring muscles. Journal of Orthopedic & Sports Physical Therapy, 27(4), 295–300.
  • Berlin, H. (2000). The differential diagnosis and management of torticollis in children. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 14(2), 197–206.
  • Cameron, B. H., Langer, J. C., & Cameron, G. S. (1994). Success of nonoperative treatment for congenital muscular torticollis is dependent on early therapy. Pediatric Surgery International, 9, 391–393.
  • Celayir, A. C. (2000). Congenital muscular torticollis: Early and intensive treatment is critical –a prospective study. Pediatric Surgery International, 42(5), 504–507.
  • Chang, P. Y., Tan, C. K., Huang, Y. F., Sheu, J. C., Wang, N. L., Yeh, M. L., (1996). Torticollis: A long-term follow-up study. Acta Paed Sin, 37(3), 173–177.
  • Cheng, J. C., & Au, A. W. (1994). Infantile torticollis: A review of 624 cases. Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics, 14(6), 802–808.
  • Cheng, J. C., Chen, T. M., Tang, S. P., Shum, S. L., Wong, M. W., & Metreweli, C. (2001). Snapping during manual stretching in congenital muscular torticollis. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 384, 237–244.
  • Cheng, J. C., Tang, S. P., & Chen, T. M. (1999). Sternocleidomastoid pseudotumor and congenital muscular torticollis in infants: A prospective study of 510 cases. Journal of Pediatrics, 134(6), 712–716.
  • Cheng, J. C., Tang, S. P., Chen, T. M., Wong, M. W., & Wong, E. M. (2000). The clinical presentation and outcome of treatment of congenital muscular torticollis in infants: A study of 1,086 cases. Journal of Pediatric Surgery, 35(7), 1091–1096.
  • Cheng, J. C., Wong, M. W., Tang, S. P., Chen, T. M., Shum, S. L., & Wong, E. M. (2001). Clinical determinants of the outcome of manual stretching in the treatment of congenital muscular torticollis in infants: A prospective study of eight hundred and twenty-one cases. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery –America, 83-A(5), 679–687.
  • Chon, S.-C., Yoon, S.-I., & You, J. H. (2010). Use of the novel myokinetic stretching technique to ameliorate fibrotic mass in congenital muscular torticollis: An experimenter-blinded study with 1-year follow-up. Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, 23, 63–68.
  • Cooperman, D. R. (1997). The differential diagnosis of torticollis in children. Physical & Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics, 17(2), 1–11.
  • Davis, D. S., Ashby, P. E., McCale, K. L., McQuain, J. A., & Wine, J. M. (2005). The effectiveness of 3 stretching techniques on hamstring flexibility using consistent stretching parameters. Journal of Strength Conditioning Research, 19(1), 27–32.
  • Demirbilek, S., & Atayurt, H. F. (1999). Congenital muscular torticollis and sternomastoid tumor: Results of nonoperative treatment. Journal of Pediatric Surgery, 34(4), 549–551.
  • Do, T. T. (2006). Congenital muscular torticollis: Current concepts and review of treatment. Current Opinion in Pediatrics, 18(1), 26–29.
  • Eitel, F., Kanz, K.-G., Hortig, E., & Tesche, A. (2000). Do we face a fourth paradigm shift in medicine-algorithms in education? Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice, 6(3), 321–333.
  • Emery, C. (1994). The determinants of treatment duration for congenital muscular torticollis. Physical Therapy, 74(10), 921–929.
  • Flowers, K. R., & LaStayo, P. (1994). Effect of total end range time on improving passive range of motion. Journal of Hand Therapy, 7(3), 150–157.
  • Freed, S. S., & Coulter-O'Berry, C. (2004). Identification and treatment of congenital muscular torticollis in infants. JPO: Journal of Prosthetic and Orthotics, 16(4 suppl), s18–s23.
  • Fritz, J. M., & Brennan, G. P. (2007). Preliminary examination of a proposed treatment-based classification system for patients receiving physical therapy interventions for neck pain. Physical Therapy, 85(5), 513–524.
  • Hadders-Algra, M. (2005). Development of postural control during the first 18 months of life. Neural Plasticity, 12(2–3), 99–108.
  • Heideken, J. V., Green, D. W., Burke, S. W., Sindle, K., Denneen, J., Haglund-Akerlind, Y., (2006). The relationship between developmental dysplasia of the hip and congenital muscular torticollis. Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics, 26(6), 805–808.
  • Herman, M. J. (2006). Torticollis in infants and children: Common and unusual causes. Instructional Course Lectures, 55, 647–653.
  • Hylton, N. (1997). Infants with torticollis. Physical & Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics, 17(2), 91–117.
  • Kachingwe, A. F., & Grech, S. (2008). Proposed algorithm for the management of athletes with athletic pubalgia (sports hernia): A case series. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy, 38(12), 768–781.
  • Karmel-Ross, K., & Leppy, M. (1997). Assessment and treatment of children with congenital muscular torticollis. Physical & Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics, 17(2), 21–67.
  • Klackenberg, E. P., Elfving, B., Haglund-Akerlind, Y. H., & Carlberg, E. B. (2005). Intra-rater reliability in measuring range of motion in infants with congenital muscular torticollis. Advances in Physiotherapy, 7, 84–91.
  • Lee, Y. T., Yoon, K., Kim, Y. B., Chung, P. W., Hwang, J. H., Park, Y. S., (2011). Clinical features and outcome of physiotherapy in early presenting congenital muscular torticollis with severe fibrosis on ultrasonography: A prospective study. Journal of Pediatric Surgery, 46(8), 1526–1531.
  • Luther, B. L. (2002). Congenital muscular torticollis. Orthopaedic Nursing, 21(3), 21–27; quiz 27–29.
  • Malliaropoulos, N., Papalexandris, S., Papalada, A., & Papacostas, E. (2004). The role of stretching in rehabilitation of hamstring injuries: 80 athletes follow-up. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 36(5), 756–759.
  • McGinn, T. G., Guyatt, G. H., Wyer, P. C., Naylor, D. C., Stiell, I. G., & Richardson, W. S. (2000). Users’ guides to the medical literature, XXII: How to use articles about clinical decision rules. Journal of the American Medical Association, 284, 79–84.
  • Medina-Mirapeix, F., Escolar-Reina, P., Gascon-Canovas, J. J., Montilla-Herrador, J., Jimeno-Serrano, F. J., & Collins, S. M. (2009). Predictive factors of adherence to frequency and duration components in home exercise programs for neck and low back pain: An observational study. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 10, 155, doi:10.1186/1471-2474-10-155.
  • Mendiguchia, J., & Brughelli, M. (2010). A return-to-sport algorithm for acute hamstring injuries. Physical Therapy Sport, 12(1), 2–14.
  • Minihane, K. P., Grayhack, J. J., Simmons, T. D., Seshadri, R., Wysocki, R. W., & Sarwark, J. F. (2008). Developmental dysplasia of the hip in infants with congenital muscular torticollis. American Journal of Orthopedics (Belle Mead NJ), 37(9), E155–158; discussion E158.
  • Murgie, J., Salopek, D., Prpie, M., Jukie, T., & Kusie, Z. (2008). Clinical guidelines, development and usage: A critical insight and literature review –thyroid disease diagnostic algorithms. Collegium Antropologicum, 32(4), 1283–1290.
  • O'Sullivan, K., Murray, E., & Sainsbury, D. (2009). The effect of warm-up, static stretching and dynamic stretching on hamstring flexibility in previously injured subjects. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 10, 37, doi: 1471–2474-10–37 [pii]10.1186/1471–2474-10–37.
  • Ohman, A., Nilsson, S., & Beckung, E. (2010). Stretching treatment for infants with congenital muscular torticollis: Physiotherapist or parent? A randomized pilot study. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 2(12), 1073–1079.
  • Ohman, A., Nilsson, S., Lagerkvist, A. L., & Beckung, E. (2009). Are infants with torticollis at risk of a delay in early motor milestones compared with a control group of healthy infants? Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 51(7), 545–550.
  • Ohman, A. M., & Beckung, E. R. (2008). Reference values for range of motion and muscle function of the neck in infants. Pediatrics Physical Therapy, 20(1), 53–58.
  • Ohman, A. M., Nilsson, S., & Beckung, E. R. (2009). Validity and reliability of the muscle function scale, aimed to assess the lateral flexors of the neck in infants. Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 25(2), 129–137.
  • Petronic, I., Brdar, R., Cirovic, D., Nikolic, D., Lukas, M., Janic, D., (2010). Congenital muscular torticollis in children: Distribution, treatment duration and outcome. European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, 46(2), 153–157.
  • Robin, N. H. (1996). Congenital muscular torticollis. Pediatrics in Review, 17(10), 374–375.
  • Robinson, S., & Proctor, M. (2009). Diagnosis and management of deformational plagiocephaly. Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics, 3(4), 284–295.
  • Rogers, G. F., Oh, A. K., & Mulliken, J. B. (2009). The role of congenital muscular torticollis in the development of deformational plagiocephaly. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 123(2), 643–652.
  • Sackett, D. L., Straus, S. E., Richardson, W. S., Roseberger, W., & Haynes, R. B. (2000). Evidence-based medicine: How to practice and teach EBM. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill-Livingstone.
  • Santonja Medina, F. M., Sainz De Baranda Andujar, P., Rodriguez Gracia, P. L., Lopez Minarro, P. A., & Canteras Jordana, M. (2007). Effects of frequency of static stretching on straight-leg raise in elementary school children. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 47(3), 304–308.
  • Schertz, M., Zur, L., Zin, S., Nadam, L., Schwartz, D., & Bienkowski, R. S. (2008). Motor and cognitive development at one-year follow-up in infants with torticollis. Early Human Development, 84(1), 9–14.
  • Stanton, T. R., Fritz, J. M., Hancock, M. J., Latimer, J., Maher, C. G., Wand, B. M., (2011). Evaluation of a treatment-based classification algorithm for low back pain: A cross-sectional study. Physical Therapy, 91(4), 496–509.
  • Tatli, B., Aydinli, N., Caliskan, M., Ozmen, M., Bilir, F., & Acar, G. (2006). Congenital muscular torticollis: Evaluation and classification. Pediatric Neurology, 34(1), 41–44.
  • Tessmer, A., Mooney, P., & Pelland, L. (2010). A developmental perspective on congenital muscular torticollis: A critical appraisal of the evidence. Pediatric Physical Therapy, 22(4), 378–383.
  • Van Vlimmeren, L. A., Helders, P. J. M., Van Adrichem, L. N. A., & Engelbert, R. H. H. (2006). Torticollis and plagiocephaly in infancy: Therapeutic strategies. Pediatric Rehabilitation, 9(1), 40–46.
  • Verkerk, K., Van Veenendaal, H., Severens, J., Hendriks, E. J. M., & Burgers, J. S. (2006). Considered judgement in evidence-based guideline development. International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 18(5), 365–369.
  • Wang, W. T., Olson, S. L., Campbell, A. H., Hanten, W. P., & Gleeson, P. B. (2003). Effectiveness of physical therapy for patients with neck pain: An individualized approach to using a clinical decision-making algorithm. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 82(3), 203–218.
  • Wei, J. L., Schwartz, K. M., Weaver, A. L., & Orvidas, L. J. (2001). Pseudotumor of infancy and congenital muscular torticollis: 170 cases. Laryngoscope, 111(4 Pt 1), 688–695.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.