Postoperative spondylodiscitis following transforaminal percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy: clinical characteristics and preventive strategies

References

• Hermantin FU, Peters T, Quartararo L, Kambin P. A prospective, randomized study comparing the results of open discectomy with those of video-assisted arthroscopic microdiscectomy. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1999;81:958–65.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoogland T, Schubert M, Miklitz B, Ramirez A. Transforaminal posterolateral endoscopic discectomy with or without the combination of a low-dose chymopapain: A prospective randomized study in 280 consecutive cases. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2006;31:E890–E897.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mayer HM, Brock M. Percutaneous endoscopic discectomy: Surgical technique and preliminary results compared to microsurgical discectomy. J Neurosurg 1993;78:216–25.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruetten S, Komp M, Merk H, Godolias G. Full-endoscopic interlaminar and transforaminal lumbar discectomy versus conventional microsurgical technique: A prospective, randomized, controlled study. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2008;33:931–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahn Y, Kim JU, Lee BH, . Postoperative retroperitoneal hematoma following transforaminal percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy. J Neurosurg Spine 2009;10:595–602.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahn Y, Lee HY, Lee SH, Lee JH. Dural tears in percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy. Eur Spine J 2011;20:58–64.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choi G, Kang HY, Modi HN, . Risk of developing seizure after percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy. J Spinal Disord Tech 2011;24:83–92.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Blankstein A, Rubinstein E, Ezra E, Lokiec F, Caspi I, Horoszowski H. Disc space infection and vertebral osteomyelitis as a complication of percutaneous lateral discectomy. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1987;225:234–7.
   Google Scholar
• Dendrinos GK, Polyzoides JA. Spondylodiscitis after percutaneous discectomy. A case diagnosed by MRI. Acta Orthop Scand 1992;63:219–20.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farrar MJ, Walker A, Cowling P. Possible salmonella osteomyelitis of spine following laser disc decompression. Eur Spine J 1998;7:509–511.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cohen SP, Larkin T, Abdi S, Chang A, Stojanovic M. Risk factors for failure and complications of intradiscal electrothermal therapy: A pilot study. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2003;28:1142–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dullerud R, Nakstad PH. Side effects and complications of automated percutaneous lumbar nucleotomy. Neuroradiology 1997;39:282–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yeung AT, Tsou PM. Posterolateral endoscopic excision for lumbar disc herniation: Surgical technique, outcome, and complications in 307 consecutive cases. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2002;27:722–31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahn Y, Lee SH, Park WM, Lee HY, Shin SW, Kang HY. Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy for recurrent disc herniation: Surgical technique, outcome, and prognostic factors of 43 consecutive cases. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2004;29:E326–E332.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fouquet B, Goupille P, Jattiot F, . Discitis after lumbar disc surgery. Features of “aseptic” and “septic” forms. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 1992;17:356–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bircher MD, Tasker T, Crawshaw C, Mulholland RC. Discitis following lumbar surgery. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 1988;13:98–102.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eismont FJ, Bohlman HH, Soni PL, Goldberg VM, Freehafer AA. Pyogenic and fungal vertebral osteomyelitis with paralysis. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1983;65:19–29.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Katonis P, Tzermiadianos M, Papagelopoulos P, Hadjipavlou A. Postoperative infections of the thoracic and lumbar spine: A review of 18 cases. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2007;454:114–9.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rohde V, Meyer B, Schaller C, Hassler WE. Spondylodiscitis after lumbar discectomy. Incidence and a proposal for prophylaxis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 1998;23:615–20.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyer B, Schaller K, Rohde V, Hassler W. The C-reactive protein for detection of early infections after lumbar microdiscectomy. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 1995;136:145–50.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schulitz KP, Assheuer J. Discitis after procedures on the intervertebral disc. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 1994;19:1172–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grane P, Josephsson A, Seferlis A, Tullberg T. Septic and aseptic post-operative discitis in the lumbar spine—evaluation by MR imaging. Acta Radiol 1998;39:108–115.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kylänpää-Bäck ML, Suominen RA, Salo SA, Soiva M, Korkala OL, Mokka RE. Postoperative discitis: Outcome and late magnetic resonance image evaluation of ten patients. Ann Chir Gynaecol 1999;88:61–4.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hee HT, Majd ME, Holt RT, Pienkowski D. Better treatment of vertebral osteomyelitis using posterior stabilization and titanium mesh cages. J Spinal Disord Tech 2002;15:149–56.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Korovessis P, Petsinis G, Koureas G, Iliopoulos P, Zacharatos S. Anterior surgery with insertion of titanium mesh cage and posterior instrumented fusion performed sequentially on the same day under one anesthesia for septic spondylitis of thoracolumbar spine: Is the use of titanium mesh cages safe? Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2006;31:1014–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar