Does Nimodipine eliminate arterial hypertension as a prognostic risk factor in subarachnoid haemorrhage?

References

• Allcock J M, Drake C G. Ruptured intracranial aneurysms: the role of arterial spasm. J Neurosurg 1965; 22: 21–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brott T, Thalinger K, Hertzberg V. Hypertension as a risk factor for spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. Stroke 1986; 17: 1078–83
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Graf C J, Nibbelink D W. Cooperative study of intracranial aneurysms and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Report of a randomized treatment study. I. I. I. Intracranial surgery. Stroke 1974; 5: 559–601
   Google Scholar
• Longstreth W T, Jr, Koepsell T D, Yerby M S, van Belle G. Risk factors for subarachnoid hemorrhage. Stroke 1985; 16: 377–85
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Østergaard J R, Høg E. Incidence of multiple intracranial aneurysms. Influence of arterial hypertension and gender. J Neurosurg 1985; 63: 49–55
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenørn J. Unfavorable prognostic factors in patients with intracranial aneurysms and the possibilities to improve the overall outcome. Prog Clinical Neurosci 1988; 2: 179–86
   Google Scholar
• Wilkins R H, Alexander J A, Odom G L. Intracranial arterial spasm: a clinical analysis. J Neurosurg 1968; 29: 121–34
   Google Scholar
• Winn H R, Richardson A E, O'Brien W, Jane J A. The long‐term prognosis in untreated cerebral aneurysms: I. I. Late morbidity and mortality. Ann Neurol 1978; 4: 418–26
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Halsey J H, O'Brien M, Strong E R. Amelioration of cerebral ischemia by prior treatment of hypertension. Stroke 1980; 11: 235–40
   Google Scholar
• Baumbach G L, Heistad D D. Cerebral circulation in chronic arterial hypertension. Hypertension 1988; 12: 89–95
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johansson B B. Cerebral vascular bed in hypertension and consequences for the brain. Hypertension 1984; 6(Suppl III)81–6
   Google Scholar
• Garcia J H, Ben‐David E, Conger K A, Geer J C, Hollander W. Arterial hypertension injuries brain capillaries. Definition of the lesions. Possible pathogenesis. Stroke 1981; 12: 410–3
   Google Scholar
• Mulvany M J, Korsgaard N, Nyborg N. Evidence that the increased calcium sensitivity of resistance vessels in spontaneously hypertensive rats is an intrinsic defect of their vascular smooth muscle. Clin Exp Hypertension 1981; 3: 749–61
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Furchgott R F. Role of endothelium in responses of vascular smooth muscle. Circ Res 1983; 53: 557–73
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vanhoutte P M. Could the absence of malfunction of vascular endothelium precipitate the occurrence of vasospasm?. J Moll Cell Cardiol 1986; 18: 679–89
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bertel O, Marx B E, Conen D. Effects of antihypertensive treatment on cerebral perfusion. Am J Med 1987; 82(Suppl 3B)29–36
   Google Scholar
• Choki J-I, Yamaguchi T, Takeya Y, Morotomi Y, Omae T. Effect of carotid artery ligation on regional cerebral blood flow in normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats. Stroke 1977; 8: 374–9
   Google Scholar
• Johansson B B, Nilsson B. Cerebral vasomotor reactivity in normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats. Stroke 1979; 5: 572–6
   Google Scholar
• Kazda S, Garthoff B, Luckhaus G, Nash G. Prevention of cerebrovascular lesions and mortality in strokeprone spontaneously hypertensive rats by the calcium antagonist nimodipine. Calcium modulators, T Godfraind. Elsevier, Amsterdam 1982; 155–67
   Google Scholar
• MacGregor G A, Cappuccio F P, Markandu N D. Sodium intake, high blood pressure, and calcium channel blockers. Am J Med 1987; 82(suppl 3B)16–22
   Google Scholar
• Lau K, Eby B. The role of calcium in genetic hypertension. Hypertension 1985; 7: 657–67
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lederbelle Pedersen O. Calcium blockade as a therapeutic principle in arterial hypertension. Act Pharmacol Toxicol 1981; 49(Suppl II)2–31
   Google Scholar
• Robinson B F. Altered calcium handling as a cause of primary hypertension. Editorial review. J Hypertension 1985; 2: 453–60
   Google Scholar
• Robinson B F. Calcium‐entry blocking agents in the treatment of systemic hypertension. Am J Cardiol 1985; 55: 102B–6B
   Google Scholar
• Grabowski M, Johansson B B. Nifedipine and nimodipine: effect on blood pressure and regional cerebral blood flow in conscious normotensive and hypertensive rats. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1985; 7: 1127–33
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mulvany M, Halpern W. Contractile properties of small arterial resistance vessels in spontaneously hypertensive and normotensive rats. Circulation Res 1977; 41: 19–26
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brandt L, Andersson K-E, Ljunggren B, Säveland H, Ryman T. Cerebrovascular and cerebral effects of nimodipine–an update. Acta Neurochir suppl 1988; 45: 11–20
   Google Scholar
• Brandt L, Andersson K-E, Bengtsson B, Edvinsson L, Ljunggren B, MacKenzie E T. Effects of nifedipine on pial arteriolar calibre: an in vivo study. Surg Neurol 1979; 5: 349–52
   Google Scholar
• Öhman J, Heiskanen O. Timing of operation for ruptured supratentorial aneurysms: a prospective randomized study. J Neurosurg 1989; 70: 55–60
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pickard J D, Murray G D, Illingworth R, Shaw M D M, Teasdale G M, Foy P M, Humphrey P R D, Lang D A, Nelson R, Richards P, Sinar J, Bailey S, Skene A. Effect of oral nimodipine on cerebral infarction and outcome after subarachnoid haemorrhage: British aneurysm nimodipine trial. Br Med J 1989; 298: 636–42
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saveland H, Ljunggren B, Brandt L, Messeter K. Delayed ischemic deterioration in patients with early aneurysm operation and intravenous nimodipine. Neurosurgery 1986; 18: 146–50
   Google Scholar
• Hunt W E, Hess R M. Surgical risk as related to time of intervention in the repair of intracranial aneurysms. J Neurosurg 1968; 28: 14–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Breeme C, Siegel B, Kalinski L, Zera P, Hwang O. The Ca++ cycle of arterial smooth muscle. Cerebral vasospasm, R Wilkins, 1979; 61–7
   Google Scholar
• Brandt L, Andersson K-E, Edvinsson L, Ljunggren B. Effects of extracellular calcium and of calcium‐antagonists on the contractile responses of isolated pial and mesenteric arteries. J CBF Metabol 1981; 1: 339–47
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar