The effect of Boswellia Serrata on neurorecovery following diffuse axonal injury

References

• Graham DI. Neuropathology of head injury. In: Narayan RK, Willburger JE, Povlishock JT, editors. Neurotrauma. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1996. p 43–59
   Google Scholar
• Whyte J, Rosenthal M. Rehabilitation of the patient with traumatic brain injury. In: DeLisa JA, editor. Rehabilitation medicine: Principles and practice. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott; 1993. p 825–860
   Google Scholar
• Skandsen T, Kvistad KA, Solheim O, Strand IH, Folvik M, Vik A. Prevalence and impact of diffuse axonal injury in patients with moderate and severe head injury: A cohort study of early magnetic resonance imaging findings and 1-year outcome. Journal of Neurosurgery 2010;113:556–563
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Narayan RK, Michel ME, Ansell B, Baethmann A, Biegon A, Bracken MB, Bullock MR, Choi SC, Clifton GL, Contant CF, et al. Clinical trials in head injury. Journal of Neurotrauma 2002;19:503–557
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Warden DL, Gordon B, McAllister TW, Silver JM, Barth JT, Bruns J, Drake A, Gentry T, Jagoda A, Katz DI, et al. Guidelines for the pharmacologic treatment of neurobehavioral sequelae of traumatic brain injury. Journal of Neurotrauma 2006;23:1468–1501
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meythaler JM, Peduzzi JD, Eleftheriou E, Novack TA. Current concepts: Diffuse axonal injury-associated traumatic brain injury. Archives of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation 2001;82:1461–1471
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adams JH, Doyle D, Ford I, Gennarelli TA, Graham DI, McLellan DR. Diffuse axonal injury in head injury: Definition, diagnosis and grading. Histopathology 1989;15:49–59
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maxwell WL, Povlishock JT, Graham DL. A mechanistic analysis of nondisruptive axonal injury: A review. Journal of Neurotrauma 1997;14:419–440
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bazan NG, Rodriguez de Turco EB, Allan G. Mediators of injury in neurotrauma: Intracellular signal transduction and gene expression. Journal of Neurotrauma 1995;12:791–814
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bramlett HM, Dietrich WD. Pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia and brain trauma: Similarities and differences. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism 2004;24:133–150
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bermpohl D, You Z, Lo EH, Kim HH, Whalen MJ. TNF alpha and Fas mediate tissue damage and functional outcome after traumatic brain injury in mice. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism 2007;27:1806–1818
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lu KT, Wang YW, Yang JT, Yang YL, Chen HI. Effect of interleukin-1 on traumatic brain injury-induced damage to hippocampal neurons. Journal of Neurotrauma 2005;22:885–895
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kita T, Tanaka T, Tanaka N, Kinoshita Y. The role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in diffuse axonal injury following fluid-percussive brain injury in rats. International Journal of Legal Medicine 2000;113:221–228
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Shohami E, Bass R, Wallach D, Yamin A, Gallily R. Inhibition of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) activity in rat brain is associated with cerebroprotection after closed head injury. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism 1996;16:378–384
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen G, Zhang S, Shi J, Ai J, Qi M, Hang C. Simvastatin reduces secondary brain injury caused by cortical contusion in rats: Possible involvement of TLR4/NF-kappaB pathway. Experimental Neurology 2009;216:398–406
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Beni SM, Kohen R, Reiter RJ, Tan D-X, Shohami E. Melatonin-induced neuroprotection after closed head injury is associated with increased brain antioxidants and attenuated late-phase activation of NF-kappaB and AP-1. FASEB Journal 2004;18:149–151
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shohami E, Ginis I, Hallenbeck JM. Dual role of tumor necrosis factor alpha in brain injury. Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews 1999;10:119–130
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galasso JM, Wang P, Martin D, Silverstein FS. Inhibition of TNF-alpha can attenuate or exacerbate excitotoxic injury in neonatal rat brain. Neuroreport 2000;11:231–235
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boswellia serrata. Monograph. Alternative Medicine Review 2008;13:165–167
   Google Scholar
• Ernst E. Frankincense: Systematic review. British Medical Journal 2008;337:a2813
   Google Scholar
• Kokkiripati PK, Bhakshu LM, Marri S, Padmasree K, Row AT, Raghavendra AS, Tetali SD. Gum resin of Boswellia serrata inhibited human monocytic (THP-1) cell activation and platelet aggregation. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 2011;137:893–901
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ammon HPT. Modulation of the immune system by Boswellia serrata extracts and boswellic acids. Phytomedicine 2010;17:862–867
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siemoneit U, Hofmann B, Kather N, Lamkemeyer T, Madlung J, Franke L, Schneider G, Jauch J, Poeckel D, Werz O. Identification and functional analysis of cyclooxygenase-1 as a molecular target of boswellic acids. Biochemical Pharmacology 2008;75:503–513
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ammon HPT. Boswellic acids (components of frankincense) as the active principle in treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases. Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift 2002;152:373–378
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Moussaieff A, Shohami E, Kashman Y, Fride E, Schmitz ML, Renner F, Fiebich BL, Munoz E, Ben-Neriah Y, Mechoulam R. Incensole acetate, a novel anti-inflammatory compound isolated from Boswellia resin, inhibits nuclear factor-kappa B activation. Molecular Pharmacology 2007;72:1657–1664
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moussaieff A, Shein NA, Tsenter J, Grigoriadis S, Simeonidou C, Alexandrovich AG, Trembovler V, Ben-Neriah Y, Schmitz ML, Fiebich BL, et al. Incensole acetate: A novel neuroprotective agent isolated from Boswellia carterii. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism 2008;28:1341–1352
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moussaieff A, Yu J, Zhu H, Gattoni-Celli S, Shohami E, Kindy MS. Protective effects of incensole acetate on cerebral ischemic injury. Brain Research 2012;1443:89–97
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. Journal of Postgraduate Medicine 2002;48:206--208
   Google Scholar
• Li XY, Feng DF. Diffuse axonal injury: Novel insights into detection and treatment. Journal of Clinical Neuroscience 2009;16:614–619
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levin HS, O’Donnell VM, Grossman RG. The Galveston Orientation and Amnesia Test. A practical scale to assess cognition after head injury. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 1979;167:675–684
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rappaport M, Hall KM, Hopkins K, Belleza T, Cope DN. Disability rating scale for severe head trauma: Coma to community. Archives of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation 1982;63:118–123
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller DS, Bauer B, Hartz AMS. Modulation of P-glycoprotein at the blood-brain barrier: Opportunities to improve central nervous system pharmacotherapy. Pharmacological Review 2008;60:196–209
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weber CC, Reising K, Müller WE, Schubert-Zsilavecz M, Abdel-Tawab M. Modulation of Pgp function by boswellic acids. Planta Medica 2006;72:507–513
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reising K, Meins J, Bastian B, Eckert G, Mueller WE, Schubert-Zsilavecz M, Abdel-Tawab M. Determination of boswellic acids in brain and plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Analytical Chemistry 2005;77:6640–6645
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma S, Thawani V, Hingorani L, Shrivastava M, Bhate VR, Khiyani R. Pharmacokinetic study of 11-Keto beta-Boswellic acid. Phytomedicine 2004;11:255–260
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krüger P, Daneshfar R, Eckert GP, Klein J, Volmer DA, Bahr U, Müller WE, Karas M, Schubert-Zsilavecz M, Abdel-Tawab M. Metabolism of boswellic acids in vitro and in vivo. Drug Metabolism & Disposition 2008;36:1135–1142
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu KT, Wang YW, Yang JT, Yang YL, Chen HI. Effect of interleukin-1 on traumatic brain injury-induced damage to hippocampal neurons. Journal of Neurotrauma 2005;22:885–895
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bramlett HM, Kraydieh S, Green EJ, Dietrich WD. Temporal and regional patterns of axonal damage following traumatic brain injury: A beta-amyloid precursor protein immunocytochemical study in rats. Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology 1997;56:1132–1141
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin Y, Wen L. Inflammatory response following diffuse axonal injury. International Journal of Medical Sciences 2013;10:515–521
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Csuka E, Hans VH, Ammann E, Trentz O, Kossmann T, Morganti-Kossmann MC. Cell activation and inflammatory response following traumatic axonal injury in the rat. Neuroreport 2000;11:2587–2590
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kelley BJ, Lifshitz J, Povlishock JT. Neuroinflammatory responses after experimental diffuse traumatic brain injury. Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology 2007;66:989–1001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ciallella JR, Ikonomovic MD, Paljug WR, Wilbur YI, Dixon CE, Kochanek PM, Marion DW, DeKosky ST. Changes in expression of amyloid precursor protein and interleukin-1beta after experimental traumatic brain injury in rats. Journal of Neurotrauma 2002;19:1555–1567
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hans VH, Kossmann T, Lenzlinger PM, Probstmeier R, Imhof HG, Trentz O, Morganti-Kossmann MC. Experimental axonal injury triggers interleukin-6 mRNA, protein synthesis and release into cerebrospinal fluid. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism 1999;19:184–194
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kita T, Tanaka T, Tanaka N, Kinoshita N. The role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in diffuse axonal injury following fluid-percussive brain injury in rats. International Journal of Legal Medicine 2000;113:221–228
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Khuman J, Meehan WP 3rd, Zhu X, Qiu J, Hoffmann U, Zhang J, Giovannone E, Lo EH, Whalen MJ. Tumor necrosis factor alpha and Fas receptor contribute to cognitive deficits independent of cell death after concussive traumatic brain injury in mice. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism 2011;31:778–789
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Povlishock JT. An overview of brain injury models. In: Narayan RK, Willburger JE, Povlishock JT, editors. Neurotrauma. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1996. p 1325–1336
   Google Scholar