The Utility of Forced Expiratory Flow between 25% and 75% of Vital Capacity in Predicting Childhood Asthma Morbidity and Severity

References

• http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/asthma.htm. 2010.
   Google Scholar
• Akinbami LJ, Moorman JE, Liu X. Asthma prevalence, health care use, and mortality: United States, 2005–2009. National health statistics reports; no 32. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. 2011.
   Google Scholar
• Yoos HL, Kitzman H, McMullen A, Sidora K. Symptom perception in childhood asthma: how accurate are children and their parents? J Asthma 2003; 40:27–39.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Expert Panel Report 3 (EPR-3). Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of asthma-summary report 2007. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007; 120:S94–S138.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bacharier LB, Strunk RC, Mauger D, White D, Lemanske RF Jr., Sorkness CA. Classifying asthma severity in children: mismatch between symptoms, medication use, and lung function. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2004; 170:426–432.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fuhlbrigge AL, Kitch BT, Paltiel AD, Kuntz KM, Neumann PJ, Dockery DW, Weiss ST. FEV(1) is associated with risk of asthma attacks in a pediatric population. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2001; 107:61–67.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paull K, Covar R, Jain N, Gelfand EW, Spahn JD. Do NHLBI lung function criteria apply to children? A cross-sectional evaluation of childhood asthma at National Jewish Medical and Research Center, 1999–2002. Pediatr Pulmonol 2005; 39:311–317.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weiss ST, Tosteson TD, Segal MR, Tager IB, Redline S, Speizer FE. Effects of asthma on pulmonary function in children. A longitudinal population-based study. Am Rev Respir Dis 1992; 145:58–64.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brusasco V, Crapo R, Viegi G. Coming together: the ATS/ERS consensus on clinical pulmonary function testing. Eur Respir J 2005; 26:1–2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knudson RJ, Lebowitz MD, Holberg CJ, Burrows B. Changes in the normal maximal expiratory flow-volume curve with growth and aging. Am Rev Respir Dis 1983; 127:725–734.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Heart LaBi. Expert Panel Report 3: guidelines for the diagnosis and management of asthma 2007: Available at: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/guidelines/asthma/asthgdln.pdf. Accessed April 5, 2012.
   Google Scholar
• Pellegrino R, Viegi G, Brusasco V, Crapo RO, Burgos F, Casaburi R, Coates A, van der Grinten CP, Gustafsson P, Hankinson J, Jensen R, Johnson DC, MacIntyre N, McKay R, Miller MR, Navajas D, Pedersen OF, Wanger J. Interpretative strategies for lung function tests. Eur Respir J 2005; 26:948–968.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klein RB, Fritz GK, Yeung A, McQuaid EL, Mansell A. Spirometric patterns in childhood asthma: peak flow compared with other indices. Pediatr Pulmonol 1995; 20:372–379.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lebecque P, Kiakulanda P, Coates AL. Spirometry in the asthmatic child: is FEF25–75 a more sensitive test than FEV1/FVC? Pediatr Pulmonol 1993; 16:19–22.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferguson AC. Persisting airway obstruction in asymptomatic children with asthma with normal peak expiratory flow rates. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1988; 82:19–22.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ownby DR, Peterson EL, Johnson CC. Factors related to methacholine airway responsiveness in children. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000; 161:1578–1583.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simon MR, Chinchilli VM, Phillips BR, Sorkness CA, Lemanske RF Jr., Szefler SJ, Taussig L, Bacharier LB, Morgan W; Childhood Asthma Research and Education Network of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of vital capacity and FEV1/forced vital capacity ratio in relation to clinical and physiological parameters in asthmatic children with normal FEV1 values. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2010; 126:527–534: e521–e528.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma S, Litonjua AA, Tantisira KG, Fuhlbrigge AL, Szefler SJ, Strunk RC, Zeiger RS, Murphy AJ, Weiss ST; Childhood Asthma Management Program Research Group. Clinical predictors and outcomes of consistent bronchodilator response in the childhood asthma management program. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2008; 122:921–928: e924.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galant SP, Morphew T, Newcomb RL, Hioe K, Guijon O, Liao O. The relationship of the bronchodilator response phenotype to poor asthma control in children with normal spirometry. J Pediatr 2011; 158:953–959: e951.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McFadden ER Jr., Linden DA. A reduction in maximum mid-expiratory flow rate. A spirographic manifestation of small airway disease. Am J Med 1972; 52:725–737.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Lange EE, Altes TA, Patrie JT, Gaare JD, Knake JJ, Mugler JP 3rd, Platts-Mills TA. Evaluation of asthma with hyperpolarized helium-3 MRI: correlation with clinical severity and spirometry. Chest 2006; 130:1055–1062.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mead J. Dysanapsis in normal lungs assessed by the relationship between maximal flow, static recoil, and vital capacity. Am Rev Respir Dis 1980; 121:339–342.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alberts WM, Ferris MC, Brooks SM, Goldman AL. The FEF25–75% and the clinical diagnosis of asthma. Ann Allergy 1994; 73:221–225.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ciprandi G, Capasso M, Tosca M, Salpietro C, Salpietro A, Marseglia G, La Rosa M. A forced expiratory flow at 25–75% value <65% of predicted should be considered abnormal: a real-world, cross-sectional study. Allergy Asthma Proc 2012; 33:e5–e8.
   Google Scholar
• Marseglia GL, Cirillo I, Vizzaccaro A, Klersy C, Tosca MA, La Rosa M, Marseglia A, Licari A, Leone M, Ciprandi G. Role of forced expiratory flow at 25–75% as an early marker of small airways impairment in subjects with allergic rhinitis. Allergy Asthma Proc 2007; 28:74–78.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar