Early-life antibiotic use is associated with wheezing among children with high atopic risk: a prospective European study

References

• Eder W, Ege MJ, von Mutius E. The asthma epidemic. N Engl J Med 2006;355:2226–2235
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Camporota L, Corkhill A, Cross A, Long H, Lordan J, Stanciu L, Tuckwell N, et al. The effects of Mycobacterium vaccae on allergen-induced airway responses in atopic asthma. Eur Respir J 2003;21:287–293
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rook GA. Hygiene hypothesis and autoimmune diseases. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2012;42:5–15
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rook GA, Lowry CA, Raison CL. Microbial ‘Old Friends', immunoregulation and stress resilience. Evol Med Public Health 2013;1:46–64
   Google Scholar
• Demain J, Haahtela T, Holgate S, Pawankar R, Akdis CA, Benjaponpitak S, Caraballo L, et al. The biodiversity hypothesis and allergic disease: world allergy organization position statement. World Allergy Org J 2013;6:3–21
   Google Scholar
• Hernandez E, Lapin B, Piorkowski J, Ownby D, Wagner-Cassanova C, Freels S, Chavez N, et al. The relationship of early-life antibiotic use with asthma in at-risk children. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2014;134:728–729
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoskin-Parr L, Teyhan A, Blocker A, Henderson AJ. Antibiotic exposure in the first two years of life and development of asthma and other allergic diseases by 7.5 years: a dose-dependent relationship. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2013;24:762–771
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weiss ST, Litonjua AA. Maternal antibiotic use and childhood asthma: the missing link? Lancet Respir Med 2014;2:597–598
   Google Scholar
• Khalkhali HR, Oshnouei S, Salarilak S, Rahimi Rad M, Karamyar M, Khashabi J. Effects of antibiotic consumption on children 2–8 years of age developing asthma. Epidemiol Health 2014;36:e2014006
   Google Scholar
• Del-Rio-Navarro B, Berber A, Blandon-Vijil V, Ramirez-Aguilar M, Romieu I, Ramirez-Chanona N, et al. Identification of asthma risk factors in Mexico City in an International Study of Asthma and Allergy in Childhood survey. Allergy Asthma Proc 2006;27:325–333
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marra CA, Marra F, Lynd L, Coombes M, Richardson K, Legal M, Fitzgerald JM, et al. Does antibiotic exposure during infancy lead to development of asthma?: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Chest 2006;129:610–618
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dellit TH, Huskins WC, Owens RC, McGowan JE Jr., Gerding DN, Weinstein RA, Burke JP, et al. Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America guidelines for developing an institutional program to enhance antimicrobial stewardship. Clin Infect Dis 2007;44:159–177
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Russell SL, Gold MJ, Willing BP, Thorson L, McNagny KM, Finlay BB. Perinatal antibiotic treatment affects murine microbiota, immune responses and allergic asthma. Gut Microbes 2013;4:158–164
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arshad H, Tsitoura S, Nestoridou K, Botis P, Karmaus W, Botezan C, Bojarskas J, et al. Randomized trial to prevent sensitization to mite allergens in toddlers and preschoolers by allergen reduction and education: one-year results. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2002;156:1021–1027
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horak F Jr., Matthews S, Ihorst G, Arshad SH, Frischer T, Kuehr J, Schwieger A, et al. Effect of mite-impermeable mattress encasings and an educational package on the development of allergies in a multinational randomized, controlled birth-cohort study – 24 months results of the Study of Prevention of Allergy in Children in Europe. Clin Exp Allergy 2004;34:1220–1225
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arshad SH, Bojarskas J, Karmaus W, Tsitoura S, Matthews S, Mealy B, Dean T, et al. Prevention of sensitization to house dust mite by allergen avoidance in school age children: a randomized controlled study. Clin Exp Allergy 2002;32:843–849
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arshad SH, Karmaus W, Matthews S, Mealy B, Dean T, Frischer T, Tsitoura S, et al. Association of allergy-related symptoms with sensitisation to common allergens in an adult European population. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2001;11:94–102
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Halmerbauer G, Gartner C, Karmaus W, Schierl M, Arshad H, Dean T, Koller DY, et al. Study on the Prevention of Allergy in Children in Europe (SPACE): allergic sensitization at 1 year of age in a controlled trial of allergen avoidance from birth. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2003;14:10–17
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duhme H, Weiland SK, Rudolph P, Wienke A, Kramer A, Keil U. Asthma and allergies among children in West and East Germany: a comparison between Munster and Greifswald using the ISAAC phase I protocol. International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood. Eur Respir J 1998;11:840–847
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braun-Fahrlander C, Gassner M, Grize L, Minder CE, Varonier HS, Vuille JC, Wüthrich B, et al. Comparison of responses to an asthma symptom questionnaire (ISAAC core questions) completed by adolescents and their parents. SCARPOL-Team. Swiss Study on Childhood Allergy and Respiratory Symptoms with respect to Air Pollution. Pediatr Pulmonol 1998;25:159–166
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braun-Fahrlander C, Wuthrich B, Gassner M, Grize L, Sennhauser FH, Varonier HS, Vuille JC, et al. Validation of a rhinitis symptom questionnaire (ISAAC core questions) in a population of Swiss school children visiting the school health services. SCARPOL-team. Swiss Study on Childhood Allergy and Respiratory Symptom with respect to Air Pollution and Climate. International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 1997;8:75–82
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lai CK, Chan JK, Chan A, Wong G, Ho A, Choy D, Lau J, et al. Comparison of the ISAAC video questionnaire (AVQ3.0) with the ISAAC written questionnaire for estimating asthma associated with bronchial hyperreactivity. Clin Exp Allergy 1997;27:540–545
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asher MI, Keil U, Anderson HR, Beasley R, Crane J, Martinez F, Mitchell EA, et al. International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC): rationale and methods. Eur Respir J 1995;8:483–491
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohet C, Cheng S, Douwes J, MacDonald C, Baker M, Foliaki S, Huntington N, et al. Infections, medication use, and the prevalence of symptoms of asthma, rhinitis, and eczema in childhood. J Epidemiol Community Health 2004;58:852–857
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson CC, Ownby DR, Alford SH, Havstad SL, Peterson EL, Williams LK, Zoratti EM, et al. Antibiotic exposure in early infancy and risk for childhood atopy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2005;115:1218–1224
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foliaki S, Pearce N, Bjorksten B, Mallol J, Montefort S, von Mutius E, Peterson EL, et al. Antibiotic use in infancy and symptoms of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema in children 6 and 7 years old: International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood Phase III. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2009;124:982–989
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bowie WR, Marra F, Marra CA, Richardson K, Lynd LD, Kozyrskyj A, Patrick DM, et al. Antibiotic use in children is associated with increased risk of asthma. Pediatrics 2009;123:1003–1010
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paul IM, Maselli JH, Hersh AL, Boushey HA, Nielson DW, Cabana MD. Antibiotic prescribing during pediatric ambulatory care visits for asthma. Pediatrics 2011;127:1014–1021
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Celedon JC, Fuhlbrigge A, Rifas–Shiman S, Weiss ST, Finkelstein JA. Antibiotic use in the first year of life and asthma in early childhood. Clin Exp Allergy 2004;34:1011–1016
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Penders J, Kummeling I, Thijs C. Infant antibiotic use and wheeze and asthma risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Respir J 2011;38:295–302
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Su Y, Rothers J, Stern DA, Halonen M, Wright AL. Relation of early antibiotic use to childhood asthma: confounding by indication? Clin Exp Allergy 2010;40:1222–1229
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cardenas PA, Cookson WO, Cooper PJ, Cox MJ, Chico M, Arias C, Moffatt MF, et al. Upper airways microbiota in antibiotic-naive wheezing and healthy infants from the tropics of rural Ecuador. PLoS One 2012;7:e46803
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gedik AH, Cakir E, Ozkaya E, Ari E, Nursoy M. Can appropriate diagnosis and treatment of childhood asthma reduce excessive antibiotic usage? Medical Princ Pract 2014;23:443–447. Epub 2014/07/19. doi: 10.1159/000363750. PubMed PMID: 25034671
   Google Scholar
• Marra F, Marra CA, Richardson K, Lynd LD, Fitzgerald MJ. Antibiotic consumption in children prior to diagnosis of asthma. BMC Pulm Med 2011;11:32
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• De Boeck K, Vermeulen F, Meyts I, Hutsebaut L, Franckaert D, Proesmans M. Coprescription of antibiotics and asthma drugs in children. Pediatrics 2011;127:1022–1026
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stallworth LE, Fick DM, Ownby DR, Waller JL. Antibiotic use in children who have asthma: results of retrospective database analysis. J Manag Care Pharm 2005;11:657–662
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kozyrskyj AL, Ernst P, Becker AB. Increased risk of childhood asthma from antibiotic use in early life. Chest 2007;131:1753–1759
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jedrychowski W, Majewska R, Perera F, Maugeri U, Mroz E, Flak E, Perzanowski M, et al. Wheezing and asthma may be enhanced by broad spectrum antibiotics used in early childhood. Concept and results of a pharmacoepidemiology study. J Physiol Pharmacol 2011;62:189–195
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jordan S, Storey M, Morgan G. Antibiotics and allergic disorders in childhood. Open Nurs J 2008;2:48–57
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Prescott SL, Macaubas C, Smallacombe T, Holt BJ, Sly PD, Holt PG. Development of allergen-specific T-cell memory in atopic and normal children. Lancet 1999;353:196–200
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shinkai M, Henke MO, Rubin BK. Macrolide antibiotics as immunomodulatory medications: proposed mechanisms of action. Pharmacol Ther 2008;117:393–405
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Friedlander AL, Albert RK. Chronic macrolide therapy in inflammatory airways diseases. Chest 2010;138:1202–1212
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim DY, Ryu SY, Lim JE, Lee YS, Ro JY. Anti-inflammatory mechanism of simvastatin in mouse allergic asthma model. Eur J Pharmacol 2007;557:76–86
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kadota Ji J. Non-antibiotic effect of antibiotics. Clin Microbiol Infect 1996;1:20–22
   Google Scholar
• Kanoh S, Rubin BK. Mechanisms of action and clinical application of macrolides as immunomodulatory medications. Clin Microbiol Rev 2010;23:590–615
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brand PL, Baraldi E, Bisgaard H, Boner AL, Castro-Rodriguez JA, Custovic A, de Blic J, et al. Definition, assessment and treatment of wheezing disorders in preschool children: an evidence-based approach. Eur Respir J 2008;32:1096–1110
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Metsala J, Lundqvist A, Virta LJ, Kaila M, Gissler M, Virtanen SM. Mother's and offspring's use of antibiotics and infant allergy to cow's milk. Epidemiology 2013;24:303–309
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang Y, Zhang Y, Sun W, Germ K, Jiang Y, Guo W, Xu C, et al. IFNG+874A/T polymorphisms and IFNG CA repeat polymorphism associated with asthma in Asian – a meta-analysis. J Asthma 2014;51(10):1014–1021. Epub 2014/07/06. doi: 10.3109/02770903.2014.941473. PubMed PMID: 24995662
   Google Scholar
• Risnes KR, Belanger K, Murk W, Bracken MB. Antibiotic exposure by 6 months and asthma and allergy at 6 years: findings in a cohort of 1401 US children. Am J Epidemiol 2011;173:310–318
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Voor T, Julge K, Bottcher MF, Jenmalm MC, Duchen K, Bjorksten B. Atopic sensitization and atopic dermatitis in Estonian and Swedish infants. Clin Exp Allergy 2005;35:153–159
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonnemaison E, Lanotte P, Laugier J, Cantagrel S, Thionois S, Quentin R, Chamboux C, et al. Comparison of fecal flora following administration of two antibiotic protocols for suspected maternofetal infection. Biol Neonate 2003;84:304–310
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bennet R, Eriksson M, Nord CE. The fecal microflora of 1-3-month-old infants during treatment with eight oral antibiotics. Infection 2002;30:158–160
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Edlund C, Nord CE. Effect on the human normal microflora of oral antibiotics for treatment of urinary tract infections. J Antimicrob Chemother 2000;46:41–48; discussion 63–65
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar