45
Views
11
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Article

Seasonal Variation in the Effects of Major Indoor and Outdoor Environmental Variables on Asthma

&
Pages 7-48 | Published online: 02 Jul 2009

References

  • Paulo M, Gong H. Respiratory effects of ozone: whom to protect when and how. J Respir Dis 1991; 12: 482
  • Lippman M. Health effects of ozone: A critical review. J Air Pollut Control Assoc 1989; 39: 672
  • Djukanovic R, Roche W R, Wilson J W, Beasley C R, Twentyman O P, Howarth R H, Holgate S T. Mucosal inflammation in asthma. Am Rev Respir Dis 1990; 142: 434
  • Hamid Q, Azzawi M, Ying S, Moqbel R, Wardlaw A J, Corrigan C J, Bradley B, Durham S R, Collins J V, Jeffry P K, Quint D J, Kay A B. Expression of mRNA for interleukin-5 in mucosal bronchial biopsies from asthma. J Clin Invest 1991; 87: 1541
  • Bousquet J, Chanez P, Lacoste J Y, Barneon G, Ghavanian N, Enander I, Venge P, Ahlstedt S, Simony-Lafontaine J, Godard P, Michel F B. Eosinophilic inflammation in asthma. N Engl J Med 1990; 323: 1033
  • Guidelines for the Diagnosis and the Treatment of Asthma. U.S. D.H.H.S. publication no. 91–3042. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC 1991
  • Boushey H A, Fahy J V. Basic mechanisms of asthma. Environ Health Perspect 1995; 103: 229, Suppl 6
  • Matsumara Y. The effect of ozone, nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide on the experimentally induced respiratory disease in guinea pigs. I. The effect of sensitization with albumin through the airway. Am Rev Respir Dis 1970; 102: 438
  • Barnes P J. Air pollution. Postgrad Med J 1994; 70: 319
  • Bruneckreef B, Dockery D W, Kryzanowski M. Epidemic studies of short-term effects of low levels of major ambient air pollution components. Environ Health Perspect 1995; 103: 3, Suppl 2
  • Kesten S, Szalai J, Dzyngel B. Air quality and the frequency of emergency room visits for asthma. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 1995; 74: 269
  • Environmental Protection Unit of Hong Kong. Data on file 1983–1989
  • Platts-Mills T AE. How environment affects patients with allergic disease: Indoor allergens and asthma. Ann Allergy 1994; 72: 381
  • Samet J M. Asthma and the environment: Do environmental factors affect the incidence and prognosis of asthma. Toxicol Lett 1995; 82/83: 33
  • Gelber L, Seltzer L, Bouzoukis J, Pollart S, Chapman M, Platts-Mills T. Sensitization and exposure to indoor allergens as risk factors for asthma among patients presenting to hospital. Am Rev Respir Dis 1993; 147: 573
  • Magnussen H, Jorres R, Nowak D. Effects of air pollution on the prevalence of asthma and allergy: Lessons from German reunification. Thorax 1993; 48: 879
  • Walters S, Griffiths R K, Ayers J G. Temporal associations between hospital admissions for asthma in Birmingham and ambient levels of sulfur dioxide and smoke. Thorax 1994; 49: 133
  • Roux P, Smith M, Weinberg E G. Seasonal and recurrent intensive care unit admissions for acute asthma in children. S. Afr Med J 1993; 83: 177
  • Rennick G J, Jarman F C. Are children with asthma affected by smog. Med J Aust 1992; 156: 837
  • Bates D V, Sitzo R. Air pollution and hospital admissions in Southern Ontario: The acid summer haze effect. Environ Res 1987; 43: 317
  • Tseng R YM, Li C K. Low level atmospheric sulfur dioxide pollution and childhood asthma. Ann Allergy 1990; 65: 379
  • Popp W, Zwick H, Steyrer K, Rauscher H, Wanke T. Sensitization to aeroallergens depends on environmental factors. Allergy 1989; 44(8)572
  • Salvaggio J E, Kundur V G. New Orleans epidemic asthma: Relationship between outbreaks and influx of ragweed pollen. J Allergy 1968; 41(2)90
  • Low R B, Sinert R, Bielory L. Atmosphere and Asthma in New York City-1989 to 1995. Academic Emergency Medicine 1996; 3(5)457
  • Wardlaw A J. The role of air pollution in asthma. Clin Exp Allergy 1993; 23: 81
  • Dockery D W, Speizer F E, Stram D O, Ware J H, Spengler J D, Ferris BG, Jr. Effects of inhalable particles on respiratory health of children. Am Rev Respir Dis 1989; 139: 587
  • Beeber S J. Parental smoking and childhood asthma. J Pediatr Health Care 1996; 10: 58
  • Whatling J. Childhood asthma and passive smoking. Nurs Stand 1994; 8: 25
  • Secondhand Smoke: What You Can Do About Secondhand Smoke as Parents, Decision Makers, and Building Occupants. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 1993
  • Stoddard J J, Miller T. Impact of parental smoking on the prevalence of wheezing respiratory illness in children. Am J Epidemiol 1995; 141: 96
  • Flodin U, Jonsson P, Ziegler J, Axelson O. An epidemiological study of bronchial asthma and smoking. Epidemiology 1995; 6: 503
  • Cunningham J, O'Connor G T, Dockery D W, Speizer F E. Environmental tobacco smoke, wheezing, and asthma in children in 24 communities. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1996; 153: 218
  • Frischer T, Kuhr J, Meinert R, Karmaus W, Urbanek R. Influence of maternal smoking on variability of peak expiratory flow rate in school children. Chest 1993; 204: 1133
  • Martinez F D, Cline M, Burrows B. Increased incidence of asthma in children of smoking mothers. Pediatrics 1992; 89: 21
  • Murray A B, Morrison B J. Passive smoking and the seasonal difference of severity of asthma in children. Chest 1988; 94: 701
  • Jones J G, Minty B D, Lawler P, Hulands G, Crawley J CW, Veall N. Increased alveolar epithelial permeability in cigarette smokers. Lancet 1980; 1: 66
  • Weiss S T. Smoking and asthma. Compr Ther 1994; 20(11)606
  • Jarvis D, Luczynska C, Chinn S, Burney P. The association of age, gender and smoking with total IgE and specific IgE. Clin Exp Allergy 1995; 14: 1083
  • Bittoun R. Smoking more—Enjoying the asthma. Aust NZ J Med 1995; 25: 3
  • Hyndman S J, Brown D L, Ewan P W, Higenbottam T W, Maunder J W, Williams D RR. Humidity regulation in the management of asthma patients sensitized to house dust mites. Q J Med 1994; 87: 367
  • Bjornsson E, Norback D, Janson C, Widstrom J, Palmgren U, Strom G, Boman G. Asthmatic symptoms and indoor levels of micro-organisms and house dust mites. Clin Exp Allergy 1995; 25: 423
  • Bessot J C, Blay F, Pauli G. From allergen sources to reduction of allergen exposure. Eur Respir J 1994; 7: 392
  • Huss K, Rand C S, Butz A M, Eggleston P A, Murigande C, Thompson L C, Schneider S, Weeks K, Malveaux F J. Home environmental risk factors in urban minority asthmatic children. Ann Allergy 1994; 72: 173
  • Luyt D K, Davis G, Dance M, Simmank K, Patel D. Clinical characteristics of black asthmatic children. S Afr Med J 1995; 85: 999
  • Henderson F W, Henry M M, Ivins S S, Morris R, Neebe E C, Leu S, Stewart P W, Physicians of Associates Pediatric PA Raleigh. Correlates of recurrent wheezing in school-age children. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1995; 151: 1786
  • Sporik R, Holgate S T, Platts-Mills T AE. Exposure to house dust mite allergen (Der pi) and the development of asthma in childhood: A prospective study. N Engl J Med 1990; 323: 502
  • Morrison J, Smith J, Disney M E, Williams J D, Goelz Z A. Clinical significance of skin reaction to mite extracts in children with asthma. Br Med J 1969; 2: 723
  • Rossi O VJ, Kinnula V L, Tienari J, Huhti E. Association of severe asthma attacks with weather, pollen, and air pollutant. Thorax 1993; 48: 244
  • Zuskin E, Schachter E N, Mustajbegovic J. Airway responses in healthy and asthmatic subjects following exposure to low ambient air temperature. Acta Med Croat 1996; 50: 97
  • Greenburgh L, Field F, Reed J I, Erhardt C L. Asthma and temperature change. Arch Environ Health 1964; 8: 642
  • Ponka A. Asthma and low level air pollution in Helsinki. Arch Environ Health 1991; 46(5)262
  • Celenza A, Fothergill J, Kupek E, Shaw R J. Thunderstorm associated asthma: A detailed analysis of environmental factors. Br Med J 1996; 312: 604
  • Bellomo R, Gigliotti P, Treloar A, Holmes P, Suphioglu C, Singh M B, Knox B. Two consecutive thunderstorm associated epidemics of asthma in the city of Melbourne: The possible role of rye grass pollen. Med J Aust 1992; 156: 834
  • Leikauf G D, Kline S, Albert R E, Baxter C S, Bernstein D I, Bernstein J, Buncher C R. Evaluation of a possible association of urban air toxins and asthma. Environ Health Perspect 1995; 103: 253, Suppl 6
  • Koren H S. Associations between criteria air pollutants and asthma. Environ Health Perspect 1995; 103: 18, Suppl 6
  • Morgan P A. Air Quality in Victoria Melbourne: EPA Victoria. Scientific services. 1988, report no. 88/18
  • Kraemer M J, McCarthy M M. Childhood asthma hospitalization rates in Spokane County, Washington: Impact of volcanic ash air pollution. J Asthma 1985; 22(1)37
  • Tseng R YM, Li C K, Spinks J A. Particulate air pollution and hospitalization for asthma. Ann Allergy 1992; 68: 425
  • Pope CA, III. Respiratory disease associated with community air pollution and a steel mill, Utah Valley. Am J Public Health 1989; 79: 623
  • Pope CA, III. Respiratory hospital admissions associated with PM10 pollution in Utah, Salt Lake, and Cache Valleys. Arch Environ Health 1991; 46(2)90
  • Neas L M, Dockery D W, Ware J H, Spengler J D, Speizer F E, Ferris BG, Jr. Associations of indoor nitrogen dioxide with respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function in children. Am J Epidemiol 1991; 134: 204
  • Wichmann H E, Heinrich J. Health effects of high level exposure to traditional pollutants in East Germany— Review and ongoing research. Environ Health Perspect 1995; 103: 29, Suppl2
  • Bascom R, Bromberg P, Costa D A, Devlin R, Dockery D W, Frampton M W, Lambert W E, Samet J M, Speizer F E, Utell M J. Health effects of outdoor air pollution. Am J Resp Crit Care Med 1996; 153(1)3
  • Seaton A, Godden D J, Brown K. Increase in asthma: A more toxic environment or a more susceptible population. Thorax 1994; 49: 171
  • Perry G B, Chai H, Dickey D W, Jones R H, Kinsman R A, Morrill C G, Spector S L, Weiser P C. Effects of particulate air pollution on asthmatics. Am J Public Health 1983; 73: 50
  • Tunnicliffe W S, Burge P S, Ayres J G. Effect of domestic concentrations of nitrogen dioxide on airway responses to inhaled allergen in asthmatic patients. Lancet 1994; 344: 1733
  • Tattersfield A E. Air pollution: Brown skies research. Thorax 1996; 51: 13
  • Jones G, Brantley P, Hebert R, Kidd J, III, Shadravan I, McClure J, Thomason B. Air quality and respiratory function in children with pulmonary disorders. J Louisiana State Med Soc 1994; 146: 455
  • Jorres R, Magnussen H. Effect of 0.25 ppm nitrogen dioxide on the airway response to methacholine in asymptomatic asthmatic patients. Lung 1991; 169: 77
  • Ishizaki T, Koizumi K, Ikmori R, Ishiyama Y, Kushibiki E. Studies of prevalence of Japanese cedar pollinosis among the residents in a densely cultivated area. Clin Allergy 1987; 58: 265
  • Devalia J L, Rusznak C, Herdman M J, Trigg C J, Tarraf H, Davies R J. Effect of nitrogen dioxide and sulphur dioxide on airway response of mild asthmatic patients to allergen inhalation. Lancet 1994; 344: 1668
  • Gilmour M I. Interaction of air pollutants and pulmonary allergic responses in experimental animals. Toxicology 1995; 105: 335
  • Matsumara Y. The effects of ozone, nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide on the experimentally induced allergic respiratory disorder in guinea pigs. I. The effect of sensitization with albumin through the airway. Am Rev Respir Dis 1970; 102: 430
  • Sherwin R P, Richters V. Lung capillary permeability: Nitrogen dioxide exposure and leakage of tritiated serum. Arch Intern Med 1971; 128: 61
  • Walters S, Phupinyokul M, Ayres J. Hospital admission rate for asthma and respiratory disease in the West Midlands: Their relationship to air pollution levels. Thorax 1995; 50: 948
  • Holman C. Air Pollution and Health. Friends of the Earth, Washington, DC 1988
  • Heinrich J, Spix C, Franke K, Wolke G, Luttman J, Gutschmidt K, Spengler J D, Volksh G, Vhylidahl F, Wichmann H E. Epidemiologic studies on respiratory effects of acid particles in central and eastern Europe. Air Waste, in press
  • Hortsman K D, Seal E J, Folinsbee L J, Ives P, Roger L H. The relationship between exposure duration and sulfur dioxide induced broncoconstriction in asthmatic subjects. Am Indust Hyg Assoc J 1989; 49: 28
  • Behrendt H, Kramer U, Dolgner R, Heinrichs J, Wilier J, Hagenbeck J, Schlipkoter H W. Elevated levels of total serum IgE in East German children: Atopy, parasites, or pollutants? A comparative study among 2053 preschool children in East and West Germany. Allegro J 1993; 2: 31–40
  • Air Quality Guidelines for Europe. European Series No. 23, WHO Regional Publications, Copenhagen 1987; 315–326
  • Horstman D, Roger L J, Kehrl H, Hazucha M. Airway sensitivity of asthmatics to sulfur dioxide. Toxicol Indust Health 1986; 2: 289
  • Koenig J Q, Covert D S, Hanley G B, Pierson W E. Prior exposure to ozone potentiates subsequent responses to sulfur dioxide in adolescent asthmatic children. Am Rev Respir Dis 1990; 141: 377
  • Linn W S, Avol E L, Peng R, Shamoo D A, Hackney J D. Replicated dose-response study of sulfur dioxide effects in normal, atopic and asthmatic volunteers. Am Rev Respir Dis 1987; 136: 1127
  • Rubenstein I, Bigby B G, Reiss T F, Boushey HA, Jr. Short-term exposure to 0.3 ppm nitrogen dioxide does not potentiate airway responsiveness to sulfur dioxide in asthmatic subjects. Am Rev Respir Dis 1990; 141(2)381
  • Moyes C D, Waldon J, Ramadas D, Crane J, Pearce N. Respiratory symptoms and environmental factors in school children in the Bay of Plenty. NZ Med J 1995; 108: 358
  • O'Hollaren M T, Yunginger J W, Offord K P, Somers M J, O'Connell E J, Ballard D J, Sachs M I. Exposure to an aeroallergen as a possible precipitating factor in respiratory arrest in young patients with asthma. N Engl J Med 1991; 324: 359
  • Targonski P V, Persky V W, Ramekrishman V. Respiratory pathophysiologic responses: Effect of environmental molds on risk of death from asthma during the pollen season. J Allerg Clin Immunol 1995; 95: 955
  • O'Hollaren M T, Yunginger J W, Offord K P, Somers M J, O'Connell E J, Ballard D J, Sachs M I. Exposure to an aeroallergen as a possible precipitating factor in respiratory arrest in young patients with asthma. N Engl J Med 1991; 324(6)359
  • Stout C, Kotses H, Carlson B W, Creer T L. Predicting asthma in individual patients. J Asthma 1991; 28(1)41–47
  • Peat J K, Woolcock A J. Sensitivity to common allergens: Relation to respiratory symptoms and bronchial hyper-responsiveness in children from three different climatic areas of Australia. Clin Exp Allergy 1991; 21: 573
  • Cushman J H. Stricter air rules could place focus on the Midwest. New York Times December 1, 1996; A1
  • Weinmann G G, Bowes S M, Gerbase M W, Kimball A W, Frank R. Response to acute ozone exposure in healthy men. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1995; 151: 33
  • Hortsman D H, Folinsbee L J, Ives P J, Absul-Salaam S, McDonnell W F. Ozone concentration and pulmonary response relationships for 6.6 hour exposures with five hours of moderate exercise to 0.08,0.10, and 0.12 ppm. Am Rev Respir Dis 1990; 142: 1158
  • Koenig J Q, Covert D S, Marshall S G, Belle G V, Pierson W E. The effects of ozone and nitrogen dioxide on pulmonary function in healthy and in asthmatic adolescents. Am Rev Respir Dis 1987; 236: 1152
  • Krzyzanowski M M, Quackenboss J J, Lebowitz M D. Relation of peak expiratory flow rates and symptoms to ambient ozone. Arch Environ Health 1992; 47(2)107
  • Peden D B, Setzer RW, Jr, Devlin R B. Ozone exposure has both a priming effect on allergen-induced responses and an intrinsic inflammatory action in the nasal airways of perennially allergic asthmatics. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1995; 151: 1336
  • Devlin R B, McKinnnon K P, Noah T, Becker S, Koren H S. Ozone-induced release of cytokines and fibronectin by alveolar macrophages and airway epithelial cells. Am J Physiol 1994; 266(6 part I)L612
  • Koenig J Q, Covert D S, Pierson W E. Oxidant aerosol exposure in healthy subjects and subjects with asthma. Part I. Effects of oxidants, combined with sulfuric or nitric acid, on the pulmonary function of adolescents with asthma. Health Effects Inst Res Rep 1994; 70(part I)1
  • Linn W S, Shamoo D A, Anderson K R, Peng R, Avol E L, Hackney J. Effects of prolonged, repeated exposure to ozone, sulfuric acid, and their combination in healthy and asthmatic volunteers. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1994; 250: 431
  • Hanley Q S, Koenig J Q, Larson T V, Anderson T L, Belle G V, Rebolledo V, Covert D S, Pierson W E. Response of young asthmatic patients to inhaled sulfuric acid. Am Rev Respir Dis 1992; 145: 326
  • Thurston G D, Ito K, Kinney P L, Lippmann M. A multi-year study of air pollution and respiratory hospital admissions in three New York State metropolitan areas: Results for 1988 and 1989 summers. J Expos Anal Environ Epidemiol 1992; 2(4)429
  • Linn W S, Anderson K R, Shamoo D A, Edwards S A, Webb T L, Hackney J D, Gong H, Jr. Controlled exposure of young asthmatics to mixed oxidant gases and acid aerosol. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1995; 152: 885
  • Aris R, Christian D, Sheppard D, Balmes J R. Lack of broncoconstrictor response to sulfuric acid aerosols and fogs. Am Rev Respir Dis 1991; 143: 744
  • Knox R B. Grass pollen, thunderstorms and asthma. Clin Exp Allergy 1993; 23: 354
  • Eschenbacher W L, Holian A, Campion R J. Air toxics and asthma: Impacts and end points. Environ Health Perspect 1995; 103: 209, Suppl 6
  • Peden D B. Effect of air pollution in asthma and respiratory allergy. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1996; 224: 242

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.