Drug prescription rates in secondary cardiovascular prevention in old age: Do vulnerability and severity of the history of cardiovascular disease matter?

References

• Available at http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs310/en/#
   Google Scholar
• Roger VL, Go AS, Lloyd-Jones DM, Adams RJ, Berry JD, Brown TM, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics – 2011 update: A report from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2011;123:e18–e209.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zuckerman IH, Yin X, Rattinger GB, Gottlieb SS, Simoni-Wastila L, Pierce SA, et al. Effect of exposure to evidence-based pharmacotherapy on outcomes after acute myocardial infarction in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 2012;60:1854–61.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shepherd J, Blauw GJ, Murphy MB, Bollen EL, Buckley BM, Cobbe SM, et al. Pravastatin in elderly individuals at risk of vascular disease (PROSPER): A randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2002;360:1623–30.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deedwania P, Stone PH, Bairey Merz CN, Cosin-Aguilar J, Koylan N, Luo D, et al. Effects of intensive versus moderate lipid-lowering therapy on myocardial ischemia in older patients with coronary heart disease: Results of the Study Assessing Goals in the Elderly (SAGE). Circulation 2007;115:700–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alhusban A, Fagan SC. Secondary prevention of stroke in the elderly: A review of the evidence. Am J Geriatr Pharmacother 2011;9:143–52.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Miettinen TA, Pyorala K, Olsson AG, Musliner TA, Cook TJ, Faergeman O, et al. Cholesterol-lowering therapy in women and elderly patients with myocardial infarction or angina pectoris: Findings from the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S). Circulation 1997;96:4211–18.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• The Long-Term Intervention with Pravastatin in Ischaemic Disease (LIPID) Study Group. Prevention of cardiovascular events and death with pravastatin in patients with coronary heart disease and a broad range of initial cholesterol levels. N Engl J Med 1998;339:1349–57.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Guideline Clearinghouse N. European guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012). Available from: http://www.guideline.gov/content.aspx?f=rss&id=39354
   Google Scholar
• National Guideline Clearinghouse N. 2012 ACCF/AHA/ACP/AATS/PCNA/SCAI/STS guideline for the diagnosis and management of patients with stable ischemic heart disease. Available from: http://www.guideline.gov/content.aspx?f=rss&id=39380http://www.guideline.gov/content.aspx?f=rss&id=39380
   Google Scholar
• National Guideline Clearinghouse N. Primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease: Antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis, 9th ed. American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Available from: http://www.guideline.gov/content.aspx?f=rss&id=35273
   Google Scholar
• Smith SC, Jr., Benjamin EJ, Bonow RO, Braun LT, Creager MA, Franklin BA, et al. AHA/ACCF secondary prevention and risk reduction therapy for patients with coronary and other atherosclerotic vascular disease: 2011 update: A guideline from the American Heart Association and American College of Cardiology Foundation. Circulation 2011;124:2458–73.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Peet PG, Drewes YM, de Craen AJ, Gussekloo J, de Ruijter W. NT-proBNP best predictor of cardiovascular events and cardiovascular mortality in secondary prevention in very old age: The Leiden 85-Plus Study. PLoS One 2013;8:e81400.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Ruijter W, de Waal MW, Gussekloo J, Assendelft WJ, Blom JW. Time trends in preventive drug treatment after myocardial infarction in older patients. Br J Gen Pract 2010;60:47–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koopman C, Vaartjes I, Heintjes EM, Spiering W, van Dis I, Herings RM, et al. Persisting gender differences and attenuating age differences in cardiovascular drug use for prevention and treatment of coronary heart disease, 1998–2010. Eur Heart J 2013;34:3198–205.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Graversen L, Christensen B, Borch-Johnsen K, Lauritzen T, Sandbaek A. General practitioners’ adherence to guidelines on management of dyslipidaemia: ADDITION-Denmark. Scand J Prim Health Care 2010;28:47–54.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee SJ, Leipzig RM, Walter LC. Incorporating lag time to benefit into prevention decisions for older adults. JAMA 2013;310:2609–10.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’mahony D, O’Sullivan D, Byrne S, O’Connor MN, Ryan C, Gallagher P. STOPP/START criteria for potentially inappropriate prescribing in older people: Version 2. Age Ageing 2015;44:213–18.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Peet P, Drewes Y, Gussekloo J, de Ruijter W. GPs’ perspectives on secondary cardiovascular prevention in old age: A focus group study. Br J Gen Pract 2015;65:e739–47.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alexander KP, Newby LK, Armstrong PW, Cannon CP, Gibler WB, Rich MW, et al. Acute coronary care in the elderly, part II: ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction: A scientific statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association Council on Clinical Cardiology: in collaboration with the Society of Geriatric Cardiology. Circulation 2007;115:2570–89.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fried TR, Tinetti ME, Iannone L. Primary care clinicians’ experiences with treatment decision making for older persons with multiple conditions. Arch Intern Med 2011;171:75–80.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Drewes YM, Koenen JM, de Ruijter W, van Dijk-van Dijk DJ, van der Weele GM, Middelkoop BJ, et al. GPs’ perspectives on preventive care for older people: A focus group study. Br J Gen Pract 2012;62:e765–72.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Afilalo J, Alexander KP, Mack MJ, Maurer MS, Green P, Allen LA, et al. Frailty assessment in the cardiovascular care of older adults. J Am Coll Cardiol 2014;63:747–62.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee HY, Cooke CE, Robertson TA. Use of secondary prevention drug therapy in patients with acute coronary syndrome after hospital discharge. J Manag Care Pharm 2008;14:271–80.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bangalore S, Schwamm L, Smith EE, Singh IM, Liang L, Fonarow GC, et al. Secondary prevention after ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack. Am J Med 2014;127:728–38.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poot AJ, den Elzen WP, Blom JW, Gussekloo J. Level of satisfaction of older persons with their general practitioner and practice: Role of complexity of health problems. PLoS One 2014;9:e94326.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strandberg TE, Kolehmainen L, Vuorio A. Evaluation and treatment of older patients with hypercholesterolemia: A clinical review. JAMA 2014;312:1136–44.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drewes YM, Blom JW, Assendelft WJ, Stijnen T, den Elzen WP, Gussekloo J. Variability in vulnerability assessment of older people by individual general practitioners: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2014;9:e108666.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benner JS, Glynn RJ, Mogun H, Neumann PJ, Weinstein MC, Avorn J. Long-term persistence in use of statin therapy in elderly patients. JAMA 2002;288:455–61.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kotseva K, Wood D, De BG, De BD, Pyorala K, Keil U. Cardiovascular prevention guidelines in daily practice: A comparison of EUROASPIRE I, II, and III surveys in eight European countries. Lancet 2009;373:929–40.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Peet PG, Drewes YM, de Craen AJ, Westendorp RG, Gussekloo J, de Ruijter W. Prognostic value of cardiovascular disease status: The Leiden 85-plus study. Age (Dordr) 2013;35:1433–44.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simpson CR, Hannaford PC, Williams D. Evidence for inequalities in the management of coronary heart disease in Scotland. Heart 2005;91:630–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naderi SH, Bestwick JP, Wald DS. Adherence to drugs that prevent cardiovascular disease: Meta-analysis on 376,162 Patients. Am J Med 2012;125:882–7.e1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mehta H, Sacrinty M, Johnson D, St CM, Paladenech C, Robinson K. Comparison of usefulness of secondary prevention of coronary disease in patients <80 versus >/=80 years of age. Am J Cardiol 2013;112:1099–103.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fried TR, Tinetti ME, Towle V, O’Leary JR, Iannone L. Effects of benefits and harms on older persons’ willingness to take medication for primary cardiovascular prevention. Arch Intern Med 2011;171:923–8.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar