References
- Browne G B, Humphrey B, Pallister R, Browne J A, Shetzer L. Prevalence and characteristics of frequent attenders in a prepaid Canadian family practice. J Fam Pract 1982; 14: 63–71
- McFarland B H, Freebom D K, Mullooly J P, Pope C R. Utilization patterns among long-term enrollees in a prepaid group practice health maintenance organization. Med Care 1985; 23: 1221–33
- Katon W, Von Korff M, Lin E, Lipscomb P, Russo J, Wagner E, Polk E. Distressed high utilizers of medical care - DSM-III-R diagnoses and treatment needs. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 1990; 12: 355–62
- Derogatis L R, Lipman R S, Covi C. SCL-90: an outpatient psychiatric rating scale - preliminary report. Psychopharmacol Bull 1973; 9: 13–27
- Smedby B. Storkonsumenter av läkarvård (High utilizers of medical care). Soc Med Tidsskrift 1974; 51: 462–8
- Toomey T C, Haggerty J J, Jr., Raft D, Strogatz D S. The frequent clinic attender: Relative contributions of illness severity, psychological, and social issues. The Psychiatric Forum 1982; 11: 1–5
- Karlsson H, Lehtinen V, Joukamaa M. Frequent attenders of public primary health care. Sociode-mographic characteristics and physical morbidity. Fam Pract
- McArdle C, Alexander W D, Murray Boyle C. Frequent attenders at a health centre. Practitioner 1974; 213: 696–702
- Westhead J N. Frequent attenders in general practice: medical, psychological and social characteristics. J R Coll Gen Pract 1985; 35: 337–340
- Tessler R, Mechanic D, Dimond M. The effect of psychological distress on physician utilization: a prospective study. J Health Soc Behav 1976; 17: 353–64
- Frost R O, Morgenthau J E, Riessman C K, Whalen M. Somatic response to stress, physical symptoms and health service use. Behav Res Ther 1986; 24: 569–76
- Manning W G, Wells K B. The effects of psychological distress and psychological well-being on use of medical services. Med Care 1992; 30: 541–53
- Coleman J, Patrick D. Psychiatry and general health care. Am J Publ Health 1978; 68: 451–7
- Larivaara P. Terveyskeskuksen lääkäripalvelujen suurkäyttäjät (Frequent attenders at doctors' surgeries in a Finnish health care centre). Acta Univ Oul Series D, Oulu 1987, Medica No. 164
- Joukamaa M, Lehtinen V, Karlsson H, Rouhe E. SCL-25 and recognition of mental disorders reported by primary health care physicians. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1994; 89: 320–3
- Lehtinen V, Joukamaa M, Karlsson H, Rouhe E. Recognition of mental disorders of primary health care patients. Eur Psychiatr
- Munk-Jörgensen P, Fink P, Lehtinen V, Joukamaa M, Stefansson C -G, Hansson L, et al. Psychiatric morbidity in primary health care (general practice) and predictors for pathways to other treatment services. XXIII Nordiska Psykiaterkongressen, Helsinki 1991
- Hesbacher P T, Rickels M D, Morris R J, Newman H, Rosenfeld H. Psychiatric illness in family practice. J Clin Psychiatry 1980; 41: 6–10
- Winokur A, Winokur D F, Rickels K, Cox D S. Symptoms of emotional distress in a family planning service: stability over a four-week period. Br J Psychiatry 1984; 144: 395–9
- Mollica R F, Wyshak G, de Mameffe D, Khuon F, Lavelle J. Indochinese versions of the Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25: a screening instrument for the psychiatric care of refugees. Am J Psychiatry 1987; 144: 497–500
- Plante T G, Manuel G M. The Persian Gulf war: civilian war-related stress and the influence of age, religious faith and war attitudes. J Clin Psychology 1992; 48: 178–82
- Kinney R K, Gatchel R J, Mayer T G. The SCL-90R evaluated as an alternative to the MMPI for psyc-hological screening of chronic low-back pain patients. Spine 1991; 16: 940–2
- Goldberg D P, Blackwell B. Psychiatric illness in general practice. A detailed study using a new method of case identification. BMJ 1970; ii: 439–43
- SAS Users Guide: Statistics. Version 5. 1985
- Schulberg H C. Mental disorders in the primary care setting. Research priorities for the 1990s. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 1991; 13: 156–64
- Goldberg D. A classification of psychological distress for use in primary care settings. Soc Sci Med 1992; 35: 189–93
- Rauhala U. Suomalaisen yhteiskunnan sosiaalinen kerrostuneisuus. (Social layers of the Finnish society). WSOY. 1966, Porvoo