Tumour differentiation grade is associated with TNM staging and the risk of node metastasis in colorectal cancer

References

• Jass JR. Classification of colorectal cancer based on correlation of clinical, morphological and molecular features. Histopathology 2007;50:113–30.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• UICC/AJCC. TNM classification of malignant tumors. 5th ed. Wiley-Liss, New York 1997.
   Google Scholar
• Kehoe J, Khatri VP. Staging and prognosis of colon cancer. Surg Oncol Clin N Am 2006;15:129–46.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zlobec I, Baker K, Minoo P, Jass JR, Terracciano L, Lugli A. Node-negative colorectal cancer at high risk of distant metastasis identified by combined analysis of lymph node status, vascular invasion, and Raf-1 kinase inhibitor protein expression. Clin Cancer Res 2008;14:143–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang LM, Kevans D, Mulcahy H, O'Sullivan J, Fennelly D, Hyland J, . Tumor budding is a strong and reproducible prognostic marker in T3N0 colorectal cancer. Am J Surg Pathol 2008.
   Google Scholar
• SAP, Swedish Association of Pathology: KVAST. National quality guideline documents. Swedish.
   Google Scholar
• Compton CC. Colorectal carcinoma: Diagnostic, prognostic, and molecular features. Mod Pathol 2003;16:376–88.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Compton CC. Optimal pathologic staging: Defining stage II disease. Clin Cancer Res 2007;13(22 Pt 2):6862s–70s.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mori T, Hirota T, Ohashi Y, Kodaira S. Significance of histologic type of primary lesion and metastatic lymph nodes as a prognostic factor in stage III colon cancer. Dis Colon Rectum 2006;49:982–92.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Derwinger K, Carlsson G, Gustavsson B. A study of lymph node ratio as a prognostic marker in colon cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol 2008;34:771–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O'Connell JB, Maggard MA, Ko CY. Colon cancer survival rates with the new American Joint Committee on Cancer sixth edition staging. J Natl Cancer Inst 2004;96:1420–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blumberg D, Paty PB, Guillem JG, Picon AI, Minsky BD, Wong WD, . All patients with small intramural rectal cancers are at risk for lymph node metastasis. Dis Colon Rectum 1999;42:881–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fang WL, Chang SC, Lin JK, Wang HS, Yang SH, Jiang JK, . Metastatic potential in T1 and T2 colorectal cancer. Hepatogastroenterology 2005;52:1688–91.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Choi PW, Yu CS, Jang SJ, Jung SH, Kim HC, Kim JC. Risk factors for lymph node metastasis in submucosal invasive colorectal cancer. World J Surg 2008;32:2089–94.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nascimbeni R, Burgart LJ Nivatvongs S, Larson DR. Risk of lymph node metastasis in T1 carcinoma of the colon and rectum. Dis Colon Rectum 2002;45:200–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yamamoto S, Watanabe M, Hasegawa H, Baba H, Yoshinare K, Shiraishi J, , The risk of lymph node metastasis in T1 colorectal carcinoma. Hepatogastroenterology 2004;51:998–1000.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Glimelius B, Dahl O, Cedermark B, Jakobsen A, Bentzen SM, Starkhammar H, . Adjuvant chemotherapy in colorectal cancer: A joint analysis of randomised trials by the Nordic Gastrointestinal Tumour Adjuvant Therapy Group. Acta Oncol 2005;44:904–12.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Derwinger K, Carlsson G, Gustavsson B. Stage migration in colorectal cancer related to improved lymph node assessment. Eur J Surg Oncol 2007;33:849–53.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turner J, Saclarides TJ. Transanal endoscopic microsurgery. Minerva Chir 2008;63:401–12.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nascimbeni R, Nivatvongs S, Larson DR, Burgart LJ. Long-term survival after local excision for T1 carcinoma of the rectum. Dis Colon Rectum 2004;47:1773–9.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Doornebosch PG, Tollenaar RA, De Graaf EJ. Is the increasing role of Transanal Endoscopic Microsurgery in curation for T1 rectal cancer justified? A systematic review. Acta Oncol 2009;48:343–53.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baatrup G, Endreseth BH, Isaksen V, Kjellmo A, Tveit KM, Nesbakken A. Preoperative staging and treatment options in T1 rectal adenocarcinoma. Acta Oncol 2009;48:328–42.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Compton CC. Surgical pathology for the oncology patient in the age of standardization: Of margins, micrometastasis, and molecular markers. Semin Radiat Oncol 2003;13:382–8.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Compton CC, Fielding LP, Burgart LJ, Conley B, Cooper HS, Hamilton SR, . Prognostic factors in colorectal cancer. College of American Pathologists Consensus Statement 1999. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2000;124:979–94.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kang H, O'Connell JB, Maggard MA, Sack J, Ko CY. A 10-year outcomes evaluation of mucinous and signet-ring cell carcinoma of the colon and rectum. Dis Colon Rectum 2005;48:1161–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar