Changes in body composition after 2 years with rheumatoid arthritis

References

• Maradit-Kremers H, Nicola PJ, Crowson CS, Ballman KV, Gabriel SE. Cardiovascular death in rheumatoid arthritis: a population-based study. Arthritis Rheum 2005;52:722–32.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Book C, Karlsson M, Aakesson K, Jacobsson L. Disease activity and disability but probably not glucocorticoid treatment predicts loss in bone mineral density in women with early rheumatoid arthritis. Scand J Rheumatol 2008;37:248–54.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Book C, Karlsson MK, Aakesson K, Jacobsson LT. Early rheumatoid arthritis and body composition. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2009;48:1128–32.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giles JT, Ling SM, Ferrucci L, Bartlett SJ, Andersen RE, Towns M, Abnormal body composition phenotypes in older rheumatoid arthritis patients: association with disease characteristics and pharmacotherapies. Arthritis Rheum 2008;59:807–15.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sahin G, Guler H, Incel N, Sezgin M, As I. Soft tissue composition, axial bone mineral density, and grip strength in postmenopausal Turkish women with early rheumatoid arthritis: is lean body mass a predictor of bone mineral density in rheumatoid arthritis? Int J Fertil Womens Med 2006;51:70–4.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Westhovens R, Nijs J, Taelman V, Dequeker J. Body composition in rheumatoid arthritis. Br J Rheumatol 1997;36:444–8.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tilg H, Moschen AR. Adipocytokines: mediators linking adipose tissue, inflammation and immunity. Nat Rev Immunol 2006;6:772–83.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abbasi F, Brown BW Jr, Lamendola C, McLaughlin T, Reaven GM. Relationship between obesity, insulin resistance, and coronary heart disease risk. J Am Coll Cardiol 2002;40:937–43.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stavropoulos-Kalinoglou A, Metsios GS, Koutedakis Y, Nevill AM, Douglas KM, Jamurtas A, Redefining overweight and obesity in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Ann Rheum Dis 2007;66:1316–21.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walsmith J, Roubenoff R. Cachexia in rheumatoid arthritis. Int J Cardiol 2002;85:89–99.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Engvall IL, Elkan AC, Tengstrand B, Cederholm T, Brismar K, Hafstrom I. Cachexia in rheumatoid arthritis is associated with inflammatory activity, physical disability, and low bioavailable insulin-like growth factor. Scand J Rheumatol 2008;37:321–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roubenoff R, Roubenoff RA, Cannon JG, Kehayias JJ, Zhuang H, Dawson-Hughes B, Rheumatoid cachexia: cytokine-driven hypermetabolism accompanying reduced body cell mass in chronic inflammation. J Clin Invest 1994;93:2379–86.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roubenoff R, Roubenoff RA, Ward LM, Holland SM, Hellmann DB. Rheumatoid cachexia: depletion of lean body mass in rheumatoid arthritis. Possible association with tumor necrosis factor. J Rheumatol 1992;19:1505–10.
   Google Scholar
• Summers GD, Deighton CM, Rennie MJ, Booth AH. Rheumatoid cachexia: a clinical perspective. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2008;47:1124–31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elkan AC, Engvall IL, Tengstrand B, Cederholm T, Hafstrom I. Malnutrition in women with rheumatoid arthritis is not revealed by clinical anthropometrical measurements or nutritional evaluation tools. Eur J Clin Nutr 2008;62:1239–47.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elkan AC, Engvall IL, Cederholm T, Hafstrom I. Rheumatoid cachexia, central obesity and malnutrition in patients with low-active rheumatoid arthritis: feasibility of anthropometry, mini nutritional assessment and body composition techniques. Eur J Nutr 2009;48:315–22.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Arnett FC, Edworthy SM, Bloch DA, McShane DJ, Fries JF, Cooper NS, The American Rheumatism Association 1987 revised criteria for the classification of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 1988;31:315–24.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karlsson MK, Gärdsell P, Johnell O, Nilsson BE, Aakesson K, Obrant KJ. Bone mineral normative data in Malmo, Sweden. Comparison with reference data and hip fracture incidence in other ethnic groups. Acta Orthop Scand 1993;64:168–72.
   Google Scholar
• Prevoo ML, van 't Hof MA, Kuper HH, van Leeuwen MA, van de Putte LB, van Riel PL. Modified disease activity scores that include twenty-eight-joint counts. Development and validation in a prospective longitudinal study of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 1995;38:44–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ekdahl C, Eberhardt K, Andersson SI, Svensson B. Assessing disability in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Use of a Swedish version of the Stanford health assessment questionnaire. Scand J Rheumatol 1988;17:263–71.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobsson LT, Frithiof M, Olofsson Y, Runesson I, Strombeck B, Wikström I. Evaluation of a structured multidisciplinary daycare program in rheumatoid arthritis. A similar effect in newly diagnosed and long-standing disease. Scand J Rheumatol 1998;27:117–24.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marotte H, Pallot-Prades B, Grange L, Gaudin P, Alexandre C, Miossec P. A 1-year case-control study in patients with rheumatoid arthritis indicates prevention of loss of bone mineral density in both responders and nonresponders to infliximab. Arthritis Res Ther 2007;9:R61.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wijbrandts CA, Klaasen R, Dijkgraaf MG, Gerlag DM, van Eck-Smit BL, Tak PP. Bone mineral density in rheumatoid arthritis patients 1 year after adalimumab therapy: arrest of bone loss. Ann Rheum Dis 2009;68:373–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hafstrom I, Albertsson K, Boonen A, van der Heijde D, Landewe R, Svensson B. Remission achieved after 2 years treatment with low-dose prednisolone in addition to disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs in early rheumatoid arthritis is associated with reduced joint destruction still present after 4 years: an open 2-year continuation study. Ann Rheum Dis 2009;68:508–13.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yusuf S, Hawken S, Ounpuu S, Bautista L, Franzosi MG, Commerford P, Obesity and the risk of myocardial infarction in 27,000 participants from 52 countries: a case-control study. Lancet 2005;366:1640–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar