Hyperuricaemia and accelerated reduction in renal function

References

• See LC, Kuo CF, Chuang FH, Li HY, Chen YM, Chen HW, Serum uric acid is independently associated with metabolic syndrome in subjects with and without a low estimated glomerular filtration rate. J Rheumatol 2009;36:1691–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shankar A, Klein R, Klein BE, Nieto FJ. The association between serum uric acid level and long-term incidence of hypertension: population-based cohort study. J Hum Hypertens 2006;20:937–45.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feig DI. Uric acid: a novel mediator and marker of risk in chronic kidney disease? Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2009;18:526–30.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosolowsky ET, Ficociello LH, Maselli NJ, Niewczas MA, Binns AL, Roshan B, High-normal serum uric acid is associated with impaired glomerular filtration rate in nonproteinuric patients with type 1 diabetes. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2008;3:706–13.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Viazzi F, Leoncini G, Ratto E, Pontremoli R. Serum uric acid as a risk factor for cardiovascular and renal disease: an old controversy revived. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2006;8:510–18.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chonchol M, Shlipak MG, Katz R, Sarnak MJ, Newman AB, Siscovick DS, Relationship of uric acid with progression of kidney disease. Am J Kidney Dis 2007;50:239–47.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sturm G, Kollerits B, Neyer U, Ritz E, Kronenberg F. Uric acid as a risk factor for progression of non-diabetic chronic kidney disease? The Mild to Moderate Kidney Disease (MMKD) Study. Exp Gerontol 2008;43:347–52.
   Google Scholar
• Messerli FH, Frohlich ED, Dreslinski GR, Suarez DH, Aristimuno GG. Serum uric acid in essential hypertension: an indicator of renal vascular involvement. Ann Intern Med 1980;93:817–21.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Obermayr RP, Temml C, Knechtelsdorfer M, Gutjahr G, Kletzmayr J, Heiss S, Predictors of new-onset decline in kidney function in a general middle-European population. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2008;23:1265–73.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iseki K, Ikemiya Y, Inoue T, Iseki C, Kinjo K, Takishita S. Significance of hyperuricemia as a risk factor for developing ESRD in a screened cohort. Am J Kidney Dis 2004;44:642–50.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang HY, Pan WH, Yeh WT, Tsai KS. Hyperuricemia and gout in Taiwan: results from the Nutritional and Health Survey in Taiwan (1993–96). J Rheumatol 2001;28:1640–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fried L, Solomon C, Shlipak M, Seliger S, Stehman-Breen C, Bleyer AJ, Inflammatory and prothrombotic markers and the progression of renal disease in elderly individuals. J Am Soc Nephrol 2004;15:3184–91.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klein R, Klein BE, Moss SE, Cruickshanks KJ, Brazy PC. The 10-year incidence of renal insufficiency in people with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 1999;22:743–51.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Krishnan E, Kwoh CK, Schumacher HR, Kuller L. Hyperuricemia and incidence of hypertension among men without metabolic syndrome. Hypertension 2007;49:298–303.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iseki K, Oshiro S, Tozawa M, Iseki C, Ikemiya Y, Takishita S. Significance of hyperuricemia on the early detection of renal failure in a cohort of screened subjects. Hypertens Res 2001;24:691–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kang DH, Nakagawa T, Feng L, Watanabe S, Han L, Mazzali M, A role for uric acid in the progression of renal disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2002;13:2888–97.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kang DH, Nakagawa T. Uric acid and chronic renal disease: possible implication of hyperuricemia on progression of renal disease. Semin Nephrol 2005;25:43–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fessel WJ. Renal outcomes of gout and hyperuricemia. Am J Med 1979;67:74–82.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu TF, Berger L. Impaired renal function gout: its association with hypertensive vascular disease and intrinsic renal disease. Am J Med 1982;72:95–100.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Viazzi F, Leoncini G, Ratto E, Falqui V, Parodi A, Conti N, Mild hyperuricemia and subclinical renal damage in untreated primary hypertension. Am J Hypertens 2007;20:1276–82.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siu YP, Leung KT, Tong MK, Kwan TH. Use of allopurinol in slowing the progression of renal disease through its ability to lower serum uric acid level. Am J Kidney Dis 2006;47:51–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weiner DE, Tighiouart H, Elsayed EF, Griffith JL, Salem DN, Levey AS. Uric acid and incident kidney disease in the community. J Am Soc Nephrol 2008;19:1204–11.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Obermayr RP, Temml C, Gutjahr G, Knechtelsdorfer M, Oberbauer R, Klauser-Braun R. Elevated uric acid increases the risk for kidney disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2008;19:2407–13.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Firestein GS, Kelley WN. Kelley's textbook of rheumatology. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders/Elsevier, 2009.
   Google Scholar
• Mazzali M, Kanellis J, Han L, Feng L, Xia YY, Chen Q, Hyperuricemia induces a primary renal arteriolopathy in rats by a blood pressure-independent mechanism. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2002;282:F991–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kanellis J, Watanabe S, Li JH, Kang DH, Li P, Nakagawa T, Uric acid stimulates monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 production in vascular smooth muscle cells via mitogen-activated protein kinase and cyclooxygenase-2. Hypertension 2003;41:1287–93.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khosla UM, Zharikov S, Finch JL, Nakagawa T, Roncal C, Mu W, Hyperuricemia induces endothelial dysfunction. Kidney Int 2005;67:1739–42.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson RJ, Kang DH, Feig D, Kivlighn S, Kanellis J, Watanabe S, et al. Is there a pathogenetic role for uric acid in hypertension and cardiovascular and renal disease? Hypertension 2003;41:1183–90.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mazzali M, Hughes J, Kim YG, Jefferson JA, Kang DH, Gordon KL, Elevated uric acid increases blood pressure in the rat by a novel crystal-independent mechanism. Hypertension 2001;38:1101–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuo CF, Yu KH, Luo SF, Ko YS, Wen MS, Lin YS, Role of uric acid in the link between arterial stiffness and cardiac hypertrophy: a cross-sectional study. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2010;49:1189–96.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newland H. Hyperuricemia in coronary, cerebral and peripheral arterial disease: an explanation. Med Hypotheses 1975;1:152–5.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wang X, Lewis J, Appel L, Cheek D, Contreras G, Faulkner M, Validation of creatinine-based estimates of GFR when evaluating risk factors in longitudinal studies of kidney disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2006;17:2900–9.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Johnson RJ, Feig DI, Herrera-Acosta J, Kang DH. Resurrection of uric acid as a causal risk factor in essential hypertension. Hypertension 2005;45:18–20.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakagawa T, Kang DH, Feig D, Sanchez-Lozada LG, Srinivas TR, Sautin Y, Unearthing uric acid: an ancient factor with recently found significance in renal and cardiovascular disease. Kidney Int 2006;69:1722–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee D, Levin A, Roger SD, McMahon LP. Longitudinal analysis of performance of estimated glomerular filtration rate as renal function declines in chronic kidney disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2009;24:109–16.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar