12
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Article

Pressure and Vascular Changes in Mobile Joints: Implications for Inflammatory Joint Disease

, , &
Pages 21-26 | Published online: 12 Jul 2009

References

  • Owsianik WD, Whitehead JN, Kraag GR, Goldsmith C. Radiological articular involvement in the dominant hand in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 1980; 39:508–10.
  • Harris R, Copp EP. Immobilisation of the knee joint in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 1962; 21:353–9.
  • Gault SJ, Spyker RPT. Beneficial effects of immobili-sation of joints in rheumatoid and related arthritides: a splint study using sequential analysis. Arthritis Rheum 1969; 12:34–44.
  • Thompson M, Bywaters EGL. Unilateral rheumatoid arthritis following hemiplegia. Ann Rheum Dis 1962; 21:370–7.
  • Glick EN. Asymmetrical rheumatoid arthritis after po-liomyelitis. Br Med J 1967; 3:26–9.
  • Blake DR, Merry P, Unsworth J, Outhwaite J, Morris CJ, Gray L, et al. Hyoxic-reperfusion injury in the inflamed human joint. Lancet 1989; i:289–93.
  • Merry P, Grootveld MG, Blake DR. Physiological exer-cise promotes hypoxic-reperfusion injury to the inflamed human joint. Lancet 1989; i:1023.
  • Stevens CR, Blake DR, Merry P, Revell PA, Levick JR. A comparative study by morphometry of the microvas-culature in normal and rheumatoid synovium. Arthritis Rheum 1991; 50:1508–13.
  • Jayson MIV, Dixon A SU. Intra-articular pressure in rheumatoid arthritis of the knee. 1 Pressure changes during passive joint distension. Ann Rheum Dis 1970; 29:261–5.
  • Jayson MIV, Dixon A SU. Intra-articular pressure changes in rheumatoid arthritis of the knee. HI Pressure changes during joint use. Ann Rheum Dis 1970; 29:401–8.
  • Levick JR. An investigation into the validity of subat-mospheric pressure recordings from synovial fluid and their dependence on joint angle. J Physiol London1979; 289:55–67.
  • Simkin PA, Benedict RS. Hydrostatic and oncotic deter-minants of microvascular fluid balance in normal canine joints. Arthritis Rheum 1990; 33:80–6.
  • Merry P, Williams R, Cox N, Blake DR. Comparative study of intra-articular pressure dynamics in joints with acute traumatic and chronic inflammatory effusions: po-tential implications for hypoxicreperfusion injury. Ann Rheum Dis 1991; 50:917–20.
  • Unsworth J, Outhwaite J, Blake DR, Morris CJ, Freeman J, Lunec J. Dynamic studies of the relationship between intra-articular pressure, synovial fluid oxygen tension, and lipid peroxidation in the inflamed knee: an example of reperfusion injury. Ann Clin Biochem 1988; 25:8–11.
  • Page-Thomas DP, Dingle JTM. In vitro studies of rheuma-toid synovium. Preliminary metabolic comparison be-tween synovial membrane and villi. Br J Exp Pathol 1955; 36:195.
  • Dingle ITM, Page-Thomas DP. In vitro studies in hu-man synovial membrane. A metabolic comparison of normal and rheumatoid disease. Br J Exp Pathol 1956; 37:318–36.
  • Farrell AJ, Blake DR, Palmer RM, Moncada S. Increased concentrations of nitrite in synovial fluid and serum sam-ples suggest increased nitric oxide synthesis in rheumatic diseases. Ann Rheum Dis 1992; 51:1219–22.
  • Herbert KE, Scott DL, Perrett D. Nucleosides and bases in synovial fluid from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Clin Sci 1988; 74:97–9.
  • Stevens CR, Benboubetra M, Harrison R, Sahinoglu T, Smith EC, Blake DR. Localisation of xanthine oxidase to synovial endothelium. Ann Rheum Dis 1991; 50:760–2.
  • Della Corte E, Stirpe F. The regulation of rat liver xan-thine oxidase: involvement of thiol groups in the conver-sion of the enzyme activity from the dehydrogenase (type D) to the oxidase (type 0) and purification of the enzyme. Biochem J 1972; 126:739–45.
  • Mc Cord JM. Oxygen-derived free radicals in post-ischaemic tissue injury. N Eng J Med 1985; 312:159–63.
  • Gutteridge JMC. Bleomycin-detectable iron in knee-joint synovial fluid from arthritic patients and its relationship to the extracellular antioxidant activities of caeruloplasmin, transferrin and lactofen-in. Biochem J 1987; 245:415–21.
  • Lunec J, Blake DR, Brailsford S, Bacon PA. Self-perpetuating mechanisms of IgG aggregation in rheuma-toid inflammation, J Clin Invest 1985; 76:2084–90.
  • Hewitt SD, Lunec J, Morris CJ, Blake DR. The effect of free radical altered IgG on allergic inflammation. Ann Rheum Dis 1987; 46:866–74.
  • Chidwick K, Winyard PG, Zhang Z, Farrell AJ, Blake DR. Inactivation of the elastase inhibitory activity of alpha-1 antitrypsin in fresh samples of synovial fluid from rheuma-toid arthritis patients. Ann Rheum Dis 1991; 50:915–6.
  • Carp H, Miller F, Hoidal JR, Janoff A. Potential mecha-nism of emphysema: alpha-a proteinase inhibitor recov-ered from lungs of cigarette smokers contains oxidised methionine and has decreased elastase inhibitory capac-ity. Proc Nail Acad Sci USA 1982; 79:2041–5.
  • Zhang Z, Winyard PG, Chidwick K, Pemberton P, Carrell R, Blake DR. Increased proteolytic cleavage of alpha-1 antitrypsin (alpha-1 proteinase inhibitor) in knee joint synovial fluid from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Biochem Soc Trans 1990; 18:898–9.
  • Mead JF. Free radical mechanisms of lipid damage and consequences for cellular membranes. In: Pryor WAL, ed. Free Radicals in Biology, Vol 1. New York: Academic Press. 1976: 51–68.
  • Satoh K. Serum lipid peroxides in cerebrovascular dis-orders determined by a new calorimetric method. Clin Chim Acta 1978; 90:35–43.
  • Merry P, Grootveld M, Lunec I, Blake DR. Oxidative damage to lipids within the inflamed human joint provides evidence of radical-mediated hypoxic-reperfusion injury. Am J Clin Nutr 1991; 53(Suppl 1):362–9.
  • Rotschild BM, Masi AT. Pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis: a vascular hypothesis. Semin Arthritis Rheum 1992; 12:11–31.
  • Winyard PG, Tatzber F, Esterbauer H, Kus M, Blake DR, Morris CJ. Presence of foam cells containing oxidised low density lipoprotein in the synovial membrane from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 1993; 52:677–80.
  • Brown MS, Goldstein JL. Lipoprotein metabolism in the macrophage: implications for cholesterol deposition in atherosclerosis. Ann Rev Biochem 1983; 52:223–61.
  • Rowley D, Gutteridge JMC, Blake DR, Halliwell B. Lipid peroxidation in rheumatoid arthritis: thiobarbituric acid-reactive activity and catalytic iron salts in synovial fluid from rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Sci 1984; 66:691–5.
  • Fairburn K, Grootveld M, Ward RJ, Abiuka L, Kus M, Williams KB et al. Alpha-tocopherol, lipids and lipopro-teins in knee-joint synovial fluid and serum from pa-tients with inflammatory joint disease. Clin Sci 1992; 83:657–64.
  • Grootveld MC, Henderson EB, Farrell A, Blake DR. Ox-idative damage to hyaluronate and glucose in synovial fluid during exercise of the inflamed rheumatoid joint. Detection of abnormal low-molecular-mass metabolites by proton-NMR spectroscopy. Biochem J 1991; 273:459–67.
  • Okabe E, Takahashi S. Kuse K, Norisue M, Ito H. Oxygen free radicals as a mediator of bone resorption. Bull Kanagawa Dent Coll 1990; 18:151–9.
  • Suda N. Role of free radicals in bone resorption. Kobubyo Galckai Zasshi 1991; 58:603–12.
  • Bax BE, Alam ASMT, Banerji B, Bax CRM, Bevis PJR, Stevens CR et al. Stimulation of osteoclastic bone resorp-tion by hydrogen peroxide (H202). Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1992; 183:1153–8.
  • Garret IR, Boyce BF, Oreffo ROC, Bonewald L, Poser J, Mundy GR. Oxygen-derived free radicals stimulate osteoclastic bone resorption in rodent bone in vitro and in vivo. J Clin Invest 1990; 85:632–9.
  • Schalkwijk J, Van den Berg WB, Van de Putte BA, Joosten LAB. An experimental model for hydrogen peroxide-induced tissue damage. Arthritis Rheum 1986; 29:532–8.
  • Ralston SH, Todd D, Helfrich MH, Grabowski P. Nitric oxide: a cytokine-induced ostoeblast product with stimu-latory effects on bone resorption.Endothel 1993; 1:10.
  • MacIntyre I, Zaidi M, Alam ASMT, Datta HK, Moonga BS, Lidbury PS et al. Osteoclastic inhibition: an action of nitric oxide not mediated by cyclic GMP. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1991; 88:2936–40.
  • Cudd A, Stevens CR, MacIntyre I, Blake DR. Influence of reactive oxygen scavengers on SIN-1 induced retraction in osteoclasts. Br J Rheumatol 1994; 33\(Suppl. 1):179.
  • Harley SL, Abbot SE, Sahinoglu T, Bax BE, Blake DR, Stevens CR. NO controversy in bone resorption: How are osteoclasts affected by nitric oxide? Br J Rheumatol 1994; 33(Suppl 1):178.
  • Sahinoglu T, Stevens CR, Harley SL, Abbot SE, Blake DR, Bhatt B. Xanthine oxidoreductase as a source of re-active oxygen species in bone resorption. Br J Rheumatol 1994; 33(Suppl 1):180.
  • Hukanen M, Hughes FJ, Umeda T, Gross SS, Evans T, Seddon S et al. Cytokine-induced expression of nitric oxide synthase by osteoblast-like cells; functional role for nitric oxide in bone metabolism. Br J Rheumatol 1994; 33(Suppl 1):91.
  • Stevens CR, Abbot SE, Harley SL, Sahinoglu T, Grootveld MC, Zaidi M et al. TNF-stimulated osteoblasts induce oxidative modification to their culture environment consistent with hydrogen peroxide generation: A proton NMR study. J Bone Miner Res 1993; 8(1):124.
  • Friedl HP, Till GO, Ryan US, Ward PA. Mediator-induced activation of xanthine oxidase in endothelial cells. FASEB J 1989; 3:2512–8.
  • Phan SH, Gannon DE, Ward PA, Karmiol S. Mechanism of neutrophil-induced xanthine dehydrogenase to xanthine oxidase conversion in endothelial cells: Evidence of a role for elastase. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 1992; 6:270–8.
  • Terada LS, Willingham IR, Guidot DM, Shibao GN, Kindt GW, Repine JE. Tungsten treatment prevents tu-mour necrosis factor-induced injury of the brain endothe-lial cells. Inflammation 1992; 16:13–9.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.