REFERENCES
- El-Hashemite N, Petrou M, Khalifa AS, Heshmat NM, Rady MS, Delhanty JD. Identification of novel Asian Indian and Japanese mutations causing β-thalassemia in the Egyptian population. Hum Genet. 1997;99(2):271–274.
- Hussein G, Fawzy M, Serafi TE, . Rapid detection of β-thalassemia alleles in Egypt using naturally or amplified created restriction sites and direct sequencing: a step in disease control. Hemoglobin. 2007;31(1):49–62.
- Aessopos A, Farmakis D, Tsironi M, . Endothelial function and arterial stiffness in sickle-thalassemia patients. Atherosclerosis. 2007;191(2):427–432.
- Hahalis G, Kremastinos DT, Terzis G, . Global vasomotor dysfunction and accelerated vascular aging in β-thalassemia major. Atherosclerosis. 2008;198(2):448–457.
- Kanter JE, Johansson F, LeBoeuf RC, Bornfeldt KE. Do glucose and lipids exert independent effects on atherosclerotic lesion initiation or progression to advanced plaques? Circ Res. 2007; 100(6):769–781.
- Stakos DA, Schuster DP, Sparks EA, Wooley CF, Osei K, Boudoulas H. Cardiovascular effects of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children. Angiology. 2005;56(3):311–317.
- Aggoun Y, Szezepanski I, Bonnet D. Noninvasive assessment of arterial stiffness and risk of atherosclerotic events in children. Pediatr Res. 2005;58(2):173–178.
- Järvisalo MJ, Raitakari M, Toikka JO, . Endothelial dysfunction and increased arterial intima-media thickness in children with type1 diabetes. Circulation. 2004;109(14):1750–1755.
- Maioli M, Vigna GB, Tonolo G, . Plasma lipoprotein composition, apolipoprotein(a) concentration and isoforms in β-thalassemia. Atherosclerosis. 1997;131(1):127–133.
- Dwivedi S, Kumar V. β-Thalassemia, hyperlipoproteinemia(a), and metabolic syndrome: its low-cost holistic therapy. J Altern Complement Med. 2007;13(2):288–289.
- Panayiotou A, Griffin M, Georgiou N, . ApoB/ApoA1 ratio and subclinical atherosclerosis. Int Angiol. 2008;27(1):74–80.
- Chrysohoou C, Panagiotakos DB, Pitsavos C, . Distribution of serum lipids and lipoproteins in patients with β thalassaemia major; an epidemiological study in young adults from Greece. Lipids Health Dis. 2004;3(3):3–8.
- WHO Study Group. Diabetes Mellitus. World Health Organization Technical Report Series: 727. Geneva: WHO, 1985.
- Mosca A, Paleari R, Ivaldi G, Galanello R, Giordano PC. The role of Hemoglobin A (2) testing in the diagnosis of thalassemias and related hemoglobinopathies. J Cin Pathol. 2009;62(1):13–17.
- Allain CC,Poom LS,Chan CSG, . Enzymatic determination of total serum cholesterol. Clin.Chem. 1974;20(4):470–475.
- Wahlefeld AW. Triglycerids determination after enzymatic hydrolysis. In: Bergmeyer HU, Ed. Methods of Enzymatic Analysis, 2nd ed. New York: Academic Press. 1974:1831–1835.
- Friedewald WT, Levy RI, Fredrickson DS. Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin Chem. 1972;18(6):499–502.
- Shamir R, Kassis H, Kaplan M, Naveh T, Shehadeh N. Glycemic control in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus improves lipid serum levels and oxidative stress. Pediatr Diabetes. 2008;9(2):104–109.
- Brizzi P, Isaja T, D'Agata A, Malaguarnera L, Malaguarnera M, Musumeci S. Oxidized LDL antibodies (OLAB) in patients with β-thalassemia major. J Atheroscler Thromb. 2002;9(3):139–144.
- Brizzi P, Tonolo G, Bertrand G, . Autoantibodies against oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and LDL oxidation status. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2004;42(2):164–170.
- Amendola G, Danise P, Todisco N, D'Urzo G, Di Palma A, Di Concilio R. Lipid profile in β-thalassemia intermedia patients: correlation with erythroid bone marrow activity. Int J Lab Hematol. 2007;29(3):172–176.
- Livrea MA, Tesoriere L, Maggio A, D'Arpa D, Pintaudi AM, Pedone E. Oxidative modification of low-density lipoprotein and atherogenetic risk in β-thalassemia. Blood. 1998;92(10):3936–3942.
- Ribault A, Durou MR, Letellier C, Wojcik F, Poirier JY, Ruelland A. Determination of lipoprotein(a) concentrations and apolipoprotein(a) molecular weights in diabetic patients. Diabetes Metab. 2000;26(2):107–112.
- Imani SF, Hashemipour M, Kelishadi R. Lipid profile of children with type 1 diabetes compared to controls. ARYA J. (Adv Res Yields Across Atherosclerosis J.) 2006;2(1):36–38.
- Feely J, Barry M, Keeling PW, Weir DG, Cooke T. Lipoprotein (a) in cirrhosis. BMJ. 1992; 304(6826):545–546.
- Bustos P, Radojkovic C, Ulloa N, . Lipoprotein composition in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2005;18(3):257–264.
- Maahs DM, Wadwa RP, McFann K, . Longitudinal lipid screening and use of lipid-lowering medications in pediatric type 1 diabetes. J Pediatr. 2007;150(2):146–150.
- Labudovic DD, Toseska KN, Alabakovska SB, Todorova B. Apoprotein(a) phenotypes and plasma lipoprotein(a) concentration in patients with diabetes mellitus. Clin Biochem. 2003;36(7):545–551.
- Cheung YF, Chow PC, Chan GC, Ha SY. Carotid intima-media thickness is increased and related to arterial stiffening in patients with β-thalassaemia major. Br J Haematol. 2006;135(5):732–734.
- Reiter CD, Wang X, Tanus-Santos JE, . Cell-free hemoglobin limits nitric oxide bioavailability in sickle-cell disease. Nat Med. 2002;8(12):1383–1389.
- Fridlender ZG, Rund D. Myocardial infarction in a patient with β-thalassemia major: first report. Am J Hematol. 2004;75(1):52–55.
- Davignon J, Ganz P. Role of endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerosis. Circulation. 2004;109(23 Suppl 1):III27–32.
- Singh TP, Groehn H, Kazmers A. Vascular function and carotid intimal-media thickness in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003;41(4):661–665.
- Moussa MA, Alsaeid M, Abdella N, Refai TM, Al-Sheikh N, Gomez JE. Lipoprotein (a) and other cardiovascular metabolic risk factors in Kuwaiti children with type-1 diabetes. Ann Nutr Metab. 2004;48(5):329–334.
- Erciyas F, Taneli F, Arslan B, Uslu Y. Glycemic control, oxidative stress, and lipid profile in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Arch Med Res. 2004;35(2):134–140.
- Orchard TJ, Costacou T, Kretowski A, Nesto RW. Type 1 diabetes and coronary artery disease. Diabetes Care. 2006;29(11):2528–2538.