The application of “in-flight” laser diffraction to the particle size characterization of a model suspension metered dose inhaler

References

• Annapragada A, Adjei A. (1996). An analysis of Fraunhofer diffraction method for particle size distribution analysis and its application to aerosolized sprays. Int J Pharm 127:219–227.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berry J, Kline L, Naini V, Chaudhry S, Hart J, Sequeira J. (2004a). Influence of the valve lubricant on the aerodynamic particle size of a metered dose inhaler. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 30:267–275.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berry J, Kline LC, Sherwood JK, Chaudhry S, Obenauer-Kutner L, Hart JL, Sequeira J. (2004b). Influence of the size of micronized active pharmaceutical ingredient on the aerodynamic particle size and stability of a metered dose inhaler. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 30:705–714.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brambilla G, Ganderton D, Garzia R, Lewis D, Meakin B, Ventura P. (1999). Modulation of aerosol clouds produced by pressurised inhalation aerosols. Int J Pharm 186:53–61.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clark AR. (1995). The use of laser diffraction for the evaluation of the aerosol clouds generated by medical nebulizers. Int J Pharm 115:69–78.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooper A, Bell T. (2008). Monitoring of droplet size changes in a suspension pMDI by laser diffraction on a Sympatec instrument. Drug Delivery to the Lung 19, poster session.
   Google Scholar
• de Boer AH, Gjaltema D, Hagedoorn P, Frijlink HW. (2002a). Characterization of inhalation aerosols: a critical evaluation of cascade impactor analysis and laser diffraction technique. Int J Pharm 249:219–231.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Boer AH, Gjaltema D, Hagedoorn P, Schaller M, Witt W, Frijlink HW. (2002b). Design and application of a new modular adapter for laser diffraction characterization of inhalation aerosols. Int J Pharm 249:233–245.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dolovich M. (1991). Measurement of particle size characteristics of metered dose inhaler (MDI) aerosols. J Aerosol Med 4:251–263.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Feddah MR, Davies NM. (2004). Alternative methods of particle size analysis of metered dose inhaler aerosols. J Med Sci 4:63–69.
   Google Scholar
• Hallworth GW. (1993). Particle size analysis of therapeutic aerosols. In: Moren F, Dolovich MB, Newhouse MT, eds. Aerosols in Medicine: Principles, Diagnosis and Therapy. Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, pp. 354–356.
   Google Scholar
• Haynes A, Shaik MS, Krarup H, Singh M. (2004). Evaluation of the Malvern Spraytec with inhalation cell for the measurement of particle size distribution from metered dose inhalers. J Pharm Sci 93:349–363.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holmes CE, Kippax PG, Newell HE, Southali JP, Ward DJ. (2001). Simultaneous analysis of respirable aerosols via laser diffraction and cascade impaction. Drug Delivery to the lungs XII. Aerosol Society, London, UK, pp. 58–61.
   Google Scholar
• Holzner PM, Mueller BW. (1995). Particle size determination of metered dose inhalers by laser diffraction, cascade impaction and liquid impingement. Proceeding of 1st World Meeting APGI/APV. Budapest, pp. 765–766.
   Google Scholar
• Jones SA, Martin GP, Brown MB. (2004). Development of a rapid pre-formulation screen for HFA suspension metered dose inhalers. Respir Drug Deliv IX:529–531.
   Google Scholar
• Jones SA, Martin GP, Brown MB. (2005). High-pressure aerosol suspensions—a novel laser diffraction particle sizing system for hydrofluoroalkane pressurised metered dose inhalers. Int J Pharm 302:154–165.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kwong WT, Ho SL, Coates AL. (2000). Comparison of nebulized particle size distribution with Malvern laser diffraction analyzer versus Andersen cascade impactor and low-flow Marple personal cascade impactor. J Aerosol Med 13:303–314.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Marriott C, MacRitchie HB, Zeng XM, Martin GP. (2006). Development of a laser diffraction method for the determination of the particle size of aerosolised powder formulations. Int J Pharm 326:39–49.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mitchell JP, Nagel MW, Nichols S, Nerbrink O. (2006). Laser diffractometry as a technique for the rapid assessment of aerosol particle size from inhalers. J Aerosol Med 19:409–433.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Naini V, Chaudhry S, Berry J, Sharpe S, Hart J, Sequeira J. (2004). Entry port selection for detecting particle size differences in metered dose inhaler formulations using cascade impaction. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 30:75–82.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pilcer G, Vanderbist F, Amighi K. (2008). Correlations between cascade impactor analysis and laser diffraction techniques for the determination of the particle size of aerosolised powder formulations. Int J Pharm 358:75–81.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ranucci J. (1992). Dynamic plume–particle size analysis using laser diffraction. Pharmaceut Technol, 16:108–114.
   Google Scholar
• Sharpe S, Hart J, Sequeira J. (2002). Effect of formulation and device on particle/droplet size distribution of metered dose inhaler (MDI) products measured by laser diffraction. Respir Drug Deliv VIII:577–579.
   Google Scholar
• Simons JK, Stein SW. (2005). Replacing cascade impactors with labor saving alternatives—making the methods acceptable to the regulators. Respir Drug Deliv Eur 19–27.
   Google Scholar
• Smyth HDC, Hickey AJ. (2002a). Comparative particle size analysis of solution propellant driven metered dose inhalers using cascade impaction and laser diffraction. Respir Drug Deliv VIII:731–734.
   Google Scholar
• SmythHDC, Hickey AJ. (2002b). Dynamic particle size distributions emitted from pMDIs as determined by laser diffraction: a function of time and space. Respir Drug Deliv VIII:727–730.
   Google Scholar
• Smyth HDC, Hickey AJ. (2003). Multimodal particle size distributions emitted from HFA-134a solution pressurized metered-dose inhalers. AAPS PharmSciTech 4:309–319.
   Google Scholar
• Vecellio None L, Grimbert D, Becquemin MH, Boissinot E, Le Pape A, Lemarié E, Diot P. (2001). Validation of laser diffraction method as a substitute for cascade impaction in the European Project for a Nebulizer Standard. J Aerosol Med 14:107–114.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ziegler J, Wachtel H. (2005). Comparison of cascade impaction and laser diffraction for particle size distribution measurements. J Aerosol Med 18:311–324.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar