Production and applications of carbohydrate-derived sugar acids as generic biobased chemicals

References

• Abbadi A, Gotlieb KF, Meiberg JBM, et al. (1999). New Ca-sequestering materials based on the oxidation of the hydrolysis products of lactose. Green Chem, 1, 231–5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adkins J, Pugh S, McKenna R, Nielsen DR. (2012). Engineering microbial chemical factories to produce renewable “biomonomers”. Front Microbiol, 3, 1–12
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahn J, Lee SY, Kim S, et al. (2012). Crystal structure of glucuronic acid dehydrogenase from Chromohalobacter salexigens. Proteins: Struct Funct Bioinformat, 80, 314–18
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Allscher T, Klüfers P, Mayer P. (2008). Carbohydrate-metal complexes: structural chemistry of stable solution Species. In: Fraser-Reid B, Tatsuta K, Thiem J, eds. Glycoscience – chemistry and chemical biology. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 1077–1139
   Google Scholar
• American Oil Chemists’ Society (AOCS). (2014). Pathways to novel chemicals [Internet]. AOCS. Available from: http://www.aocs.org/Membership/FreeCover.cfm?ItemNumber=19304 [last accessed 15 June 2015]
   Google Scholar
• Anastassiadis S, Morgunov IG. (2007). Gluconic acid production. Rec Pat Biotechnology, 1, 167–80
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Andberg M, Maaheimo H, Boer H. (2012). Characterization of a novel Agrobacterium tumefaciens galactarolactone cycloisomerase enzyme for direct conversion of d-galactarolactone to 3-deoxy-2-keto-l-threo-hexarate. J Biolog Chem, 287, 17662–71
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andrews MA, Figuly GD, Chapman JS, et al. (2011). Antimicrobial hydrogels formed by crosslinking polyallylamine with aldaric acid derivatives. J Appl Polym Sci, 119, 3244–52
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aro-Kärkkäinen N, Toivari M, Maaheimo H, et al. (2014). Characterisation of L-arabinose/D-galactose 1-dehydrogenase of Rhizobium leguminosarumbv. Trifolii and its application for bioconversion of L-arabinose to L-arabonate with Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 98, 9653–65
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ault RG, Haworth WN, Hirst EL. (1935). Preparation of d-mannuronic acid and its derivatives. J Chem Soc, 1935, 517–18
   Google Scholar
• Bachmann F, Thiem J. (1992). Synthesis of hydrophilic carbohydrate-derived polyamides. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 30, 2059–62
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bankar SB, Bule MV, Singhal RS, Ananthanarayan L. (2009). Glucose oxidase – an overview. Biotechnol Adv, 27, 489–501
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bertrand G. (1898). Action de la bactérie du sorbose sur la sucre de bois. Comptes Rendus, 127, 124–7
   Google Scholar
• Besson M, Lahmer F, Gallezot P, et al. (1995). Catalytic oxidation of glucose on bismuth-promoted palladium catalysts. J Catal, 152, 116–21
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhattacharya A. Flask synthesis promises untainted heparin [Internet]. Chemistry World, Royal Society of Chemistry. (2008). Available from: http://www.rsc.org/chemistryworld/News/2008/August/19080803.asp [last accessed 26 May 2014]
   Google Scholar
• Biella S, Prati L, Rossi M. (2002). Selective oxidation of d-Glucose on gold catalyst. J Catal, 206, 242–7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bipp HP, Wunsch P, Fischer K, et al. (1998). Heavy metal leaching of fly ash from waste incineration with gluconic acid and a molasses hydrolysate. Chemosphere, 36, 2523–3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boer H, Maaheimo H, Koivula A. (2010). Identification in Agrobacterium tumefaciens of the d-galacturonic acid dehydrogenase gene. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 86, 901–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boussie TR, Dia EL, Fresco ZM, et al. inventors; Rennovia, Inc., Assignee. (2010). Production of adipic acid and derivatives from carbohydrate-containing materials. US2010/0317823
   Google Scholar
• Bouvier JT, Groninger-Poe F, Vetting M, et al. (2014). Galactaro δ-lactone isomerase: lactone isomerization by a member of the Amidohydrolase superfamily. Biochemistry, 2014, 53, 614–16
   Google Scholar
• BRENDA. (2014). BRENDA – The Enzyme Database [Internet]. Technical University of Braunschweig, Germany. Available from: http://www.brenda-enzymes.info [last accessed 26 May 2014]
   Google Scholar
• Brouns SJJ, Walther J, Snijders APL, et al. (2006). Identification of the missing links in prokaryotic pentose oxidation pathways: evidence for enzyme recruitment. J Biol Chem, 281, 27378–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown JM, Manley-Harris M, Field RJ, Kiely DE. (2007). An NMR study of the equilibration of d-glucaric acid with lactone forms in aqueous acid solutions. J Carbohydr Chem, 2007, 26, 455–67
   Google Scholar
• Buchert J. (1990). Biotechnical oxidation of d-xylose and hemicellulose hydrolyzates by Gluconobacter oxydans [dissertation]. Espoo, Finland: Helsinki University of Technology, Department of Chemistry
   Google Scholar
• Bueno M, Zamora F, Molina I, et al. (1997). Synthesis and characterization of optically active polyamides derived from carbohydrate-based monomers. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 35, 3645–53
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buytendorp HC, Zenger RD, (inventors); American National Can Company, assignee. (1988). Thermal processing of beverages with hydrolysis mixtures of aldonic acids. WO 93/04590
   Google Scholar
• Cantu D, Greve LC, Lurie S, Labavitch JM. (2006). Detection of uronic oxidase activity in ripening peaches. Phytochemistry, 67, 13–18
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cao Y, Xian M, Zou H, Zhang H. (2013). Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli for the production of xylonate. PLoS One, 8, e67305
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carpenter CA, Hardcastle KI, Kiely DE. (2013). Modifications in the nitric acid oxidation of d-mannose: X-ray crystal structure of N,N′-dimethyl d-mannaramide. Carbohydr Res, 376, 29–36
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chun B, Dair B, Macuch P, et al. (2006). The development of cement and concrete additive. Appl Biochem Biotechnol, 131, 645–58
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Climent MJ, Corma A, Iborra S. (2011). Converting carbohydrates to bulk chemicals and fine chemicals over heterogeneous catalysts. Green Chem, 13, 520–4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Codée JDC, Christina AE, Walvoort MTC, et al. (2011). Uronic acids in oligosaccharide and glycoconjugate synthesis. Top Curr Chem, 301, 253–89
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collins PM, Ferrier RJ. (1995). Monosaccharides: their chemistry and their roles in natural products. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons
   Google Scholar
• Dahms AS, Anderson RL. (1972). D-fucose metabolism in a Pseudomonad: II. OXIDATION of d-Fucose to d-fucono-γ-lactone by an L-arabino-aldose dehydrogenase and hydrolysis of the lactone by a lactonase. J Biolog Chem, 247, 2228–32
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis NJ, Flitsch SL. (1993). Selective oxidation of monosaccharide derivatives to uronic acids. Tetrahedron Lett, 34, 1181–4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Ley J, Doudoroff M. (1957). The metabolism of d-Galactose in Pseudomonas saccharophila. J Biolog Chem, 227, 745–57
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dornyei A, Garribba E, Jakusch T, et al. (2004). Vanadium(IV, V) complexes of d-saccharic and mucic acids in aqueous solution. Dalton Trans, 21, 1882–91
   Google Scholar
• El Khadem HS. (1988). Carbohydrate chemistry – monosaccharides and their oligomers. San Diego: Academic Press, Inc
   Google Scholar
• Escandar GM, Sala LF. (1992). Complexes of Cu(II) with d-aldonic and d-alduronic acids in aqueous solution. Can J Chem, 70, 2053–7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fauvarque JF, Guérin C, Petit S, De Baynast R, inventors; Agro Industrie Recherches Et Developpements (A.R.D.), assignee. (1994). The preparation of galactaric acid from galacturonic acid. FR2699937
   Google Scholar
• Ferri S, Kojima K, Sode K. (2011). Review of glucose oxidases and glucose dehydrogenases: a bird's eye view of glucose sensing enzymes. J Diabetes Sci Technol, 5, 1068–76
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fischer K, Bipp H. (2002). Removal of heavy metals from soil components and soils by natural chelating agents. Part II. Soil extraction by sugar acids. Water Air Soil Pollut, 138, 271–88
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fischer K, Bipp H, Riemschneider P, et al. (1998). Utilization of biomass residues for the remediation of metal-polluted soils. Environ Sci Technol, 32, 2154–61
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galbis JA, García-Martín MG. (2008). Sugars as monomers. In: Belgacem MN, Gandini A, eds. Monomers, polymers and composites from renewable resources. Amsterdam: Elsevier
   Google Scholar
• Galbis JA, García-Martín MG. (2010). Carbohydrates in sustainable development II. Top Cur Chem, 295, 147–76
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Governo AT, Proença L, Parpot P, et al. (2004). Electro-oxidation of d-xylose on platinum and gold electrodes in alkaline medium. Electrochim Acta, 49, 1535–4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Griffith CL, Klutts JS, Zhang L, et al. (2004). UDP-glucose dehydrogenase plays multiple roles in the biology of the pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans. J Biolog Chem, 279, 51669–76
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haworth WN, Jones WGM, Wiggins LF. (1945). The conversion of sucrose into furan compounds. Part II. Some 2:5-disubstituted tetrahydrofurans and their products of ring scission. J Chem Soc, 1–4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henkensmeier D, Abele BC, Candussio A, Thiem J. (2004b). Synthesis, characterisation and degradability of polyamides derived from aldaric acids and chain end functionalised polydimethylsiloxanes. Polymer, 45, 7053–9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henkensmeier D, Abele BC, Candussio A, Thiem J. (2004a). Synthesis and characterisation of terminal carbohydrate modified poly(dimethylsiloxane)s. Macromol Chem Phys, 205, 1851–7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henkensmeier D, Abele BC, Candussio A, Thiem J. (2005). Synthesis of carbohydrate-segmented polydimethylsiloxanes by hydrosilylation. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 43, 3814–22
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hinton MR, Manley-Harris M, Hardcastle KI, Kiely DE. (2013). Pentaric acids and derivatives from nitric acid–oxidized pentoses. J Carbohydr Chem, 32, 68–85
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Igarashi S, Okuda J, Ikebukuro K, Sode K. (2004). Molecular engineering of PQQGDH and its applications. Arch Biochem Biophys, 428, 52–63
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jahns T, Kiely D. (2006). Abiotic hydrolysis of some poly-D-glucaramides and subsequent microbial utilization/degradation. J Polym Environ, 14, 165–9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnsen U, Sutter J, Zaiβ H, Schönheit P. (2013). L-Arabinose degradation pathway in the haloarchaeon Haloferax volcanii involves a novel type of L-arabinose dehydrogenase. Extremophiles, 17, 897–909
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson Matthey Davy Technologies Ltd. and Rennovia, Inc. to develop and commercialize production technology for bio-based glucaric acid and adipic acid [Internet]. Rennovia, Inc. (2014). Available from: http://www.rennovia.com/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=Jcigmb6Dvoc%3D&tabid=62 [last accessed 26 May 2014]
   Google Scholar
• Junicke H, Arendt Y, Steinborn D. (2000). Synthesis and characterization of novel platinum(IV) complexes with functionalized carbohydrates. Inorg Chim Acta, 304, 224–9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keppler BK, eds. (1993). Metal complexes in cancer chemotherapy. Weinheim: VCH
   Google Scholar
• Kiely DE, Hash KR, (inventors). (2008). Method of oxidation using nitric acid. US2008/0033205A1
   Google Scholar
• Kiely DE, Chen L, Lin T. (2000). Synthetic polyhydroxypolyamides from galactaric, xylaric, d-glucaric, and d-mannaric acids and alkylenediamine monomers: some comparisons. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 38, 594–603
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kiely DE, Vishwanathan A, Jarman BP, Manley-Harris M. (2009). Synthesis of poly(galactaramides) from alkylene- and substituted alkylenediammonium galactarates. J Carbohydr Chem, 28, 348–6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kiely DE. (2001). Carbohydrate diacids: potential as commercial chemicals and hydrophobic polyamide precursors. In: Bozell JJ, ed. Chemicals and materials from renewable resources. Vol. 784. Washington, DC: ACS Symp Ser, American Chemical Society, 64–80
   Google Scholar
• Koefod RS, (inventor). (2007). Corrosion-inhibiting deicer composition. US2007278446
   Google Scholar
• Kuivanen J, Mojzita D, Wang Y, et al. (2012). Engineering filamentous fungi for conversion of d-galacturonic acid to L-galactonic acid. Appl Environ Microbiol, 78, 8676–83
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuorelahti S, Kalkkinen N, Penttilä M, et al. (2005). Identification in the mold Hypocrea jecorina of the first fungal d-galacturonic acid reductase. Biochemistry, 44, 11234–40
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lavilla C, Alla A, Martínez dI, et al. (2011). Carbohydrate-based polyesters made from bicyclic acetalized galactaric acid. Biomacromolecules, 12, 2642–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lavilla C, Alla A, Martínez de Ilarduya A, et al. (2012). Bio-based poly(butylene terephthalate) copolyesters containing bicyclic diacetalized galactitol and galactaric acid: influence of composition on properties. Polymer, 53, 3432–45
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee SY, Lee SB, (inventors). (2013). Method for the production of d-glucaric acid from green seaweed. KR20130012426A
   Google Scholar
• Lentsch SE, Olson EC, Smith KR, (inventors); Ecolab USA Inc., assignee. (2012). Corrosion inhibition of hypochlorite solutions using sugar acids and Ca. US2012156313A1
   Google Scholar
• Lerchner A, Jarasch A, Meining W, et al. (2013). Crystallographic analysis and structure-guided engineering of NADPH-dependent Ralstonia sp. Alcohol dehydrogenase toward NADH cosubstrate specificity. Biotechnol Bioeng, 110, 2803–14
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lippow SM, Moon TS, Basu S, et al. (2010). Engineering enzyme specificity using computational design of a defined-sequence library. Chem Biol, 17, 1306–15
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu H, Valdehuesa KNG, Nisola GM, et al. (2012). High yield production of d-xylonic acid from d-xylose using engineered Escherichia coli. Bioresour Technol, 115, 244–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu H, Valdehuesa KNG, Ramos KRM, et al. (2014). L-arabonate and d-galactonate production by expressing a versatile sugar dehydrogenase in metabolically engineered Escherichia coli. Bioresour Technol, 159, 455–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Macfadyen A, Ho K. (1989). D-Glucaro-1,4-lactone: its excretion in the bile and urine and effect on the biliary secretion of β-glucuronidase after oral administration in rats. Hepatology, 9, 552–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marsh CA. (1952). The synthesis of conjugated hexuronic acids. J Chem Soc, 289, 1578–82
   Google Scholar
• McIntyre DJ, (inventor), and American National Can Company, (assignee). (1990). Method of thermally processing seafood and package having the seafood therein. US4971821A. 1990
   Google Scholar
• Mehltretter CL, Rist CE. (1953). Sugar oxidation, saccharic and oxalic acids by the nitric acid oxidation of dextrose. J Agric Food Chem, 1, 779–83
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mehltretter CL, Rist CE, Alexander BH (inventors). (1949). Process for the preparation of d-Glucosaccharic acid. US2472168A
   Google Scholar
• Mehtiö T, Nurmi L, Rämö V, et al. (2014). Synthesis and characterization of copolyanhydrides of carbohydrate-based meso-galactaric acid and adipic acid. Carbohydr Res, 402, 102–10
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Merbouh N, Bobbitt JM, Brückner C. (2002). 4-AcNH-TEMPO-catalyzed oxidation of aldoses to aldaric acids using chlorine or bromine as terminal oxidants. J Carbohydr Chem, 21, 65–77
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miksic BA, Chandler C, Kharshan M, et al, (inventors); Cortec Corporation, assignee. (1997). Corrosion inhibitor for reducing corrosion in metallic concrete reinforcements. US5597514A
   Google Scholar
• Mirescu A, Berndt H, Martin A, Prüβe U. (2007). Long-term stability of a 0.45% Au/TiO2 catalyst in the selective oxidation of glucose at optimised reaction conditions. Appl Catal A: General, 317, 204–9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mojzita D, Wiebe M, Hildtich S, et al. (2010). Metabolic engineering of fungal strains for conversion of d-galacturonate to meso-galactarate. Appl Environ Microbiol, 76, 169–75
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moon TS, Yoon S, Lanza AM, et al. (2009). Production of glucaric acid from a synthetic pathway in recombinant Escherichia coli. Appl Environ Microbiol, 75, 589–95
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moon TS, Dueber JE, Shiue E, Prather KLJ. (2010). Use of modular, synthetic scaffolds for improved production of glucaric acid in engineered E. coli. Metab Eng, 12, 298–305
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morton DW, Kiely DE. (2000). Evaluation of the film and adhesive properties of some block copolymer polyhydroxypolyamides from esterified aldaric acids and diamines. J Appl Polym Sci, 77, 3085–92
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muñoz-Guerra S. (2012). Carbohydrate-based polyamides and polyesters: an overview illustrated with two selected examples. High Perf Polym, 24, 9–23
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mustakas GC, Slotter RL, Zipf RL. (1954). Potassium acid saccharate by nitric acid oxidation of dextrose. Ind Eng Chem, 46, 427–34
   Google Scholar
• Nemeth KA, Osborn TW III, Wang F, (inventors); The Procter & Gamble Company, Assignee. (2010). Hygiene article having calcium sugar acid salt. US2010285095A
   Google Scholar
• Nguyen TT, Fedorov AA, Williams L, et al. (2009). The mechanism of the reaction catalyzed by uronate isomerase illustrates how an isomerase may have evolved from a hydrolase within the amidohydrolase superfamily. Biochemistry, 48, 8879–90
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nwodo UU, Green E, Okoh A. (2012). Bacterial exopolysaccharides: functionality and prospects. Int J Molec Sci, 13, 14002–15
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nygård Y, Toivari MH, Penttilä M, et al. (2011). Bioconversion of d-xylose to d-xylonate with Kluyveromyces lactis. Metab Eng, 13, 383–91
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ochoa-Villarreal M, Aispuro-Hernández E, Vargas-Arispuro I, Martínez-Téllez MÁ. (2012). Plant cell wall polymers: function, structure and biological activity of their derivatives. In: De Souza Gomes A, ed. Polymerization. InTech. London: Academic Press, 415–41
   Google Scholar
• Ogata N, Sanui K, Nakamura H, Kishi H. (1980). Polycondensation of diethyl mucate with hexamethylenediamine in the presence of poly(vinyl pyridine). J Polym Sci: Polym Chem Ed, 18, 933–8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Overend WG, Shafizadeh F, Stacey M, et al. (1954). The catalytic oxidation of some derivatives of 2-deoxy-D-hexoses. J Chem Soc, 3633–44
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parikka K, Tenkanen M. (2009). Oxidation of methyl α-D-galactopyranoside by galactose oxidase: products formed and optimization of reaction conditions for production of aldehyde. Carbohydr Res, 344, 14–20
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parkkinen T, Boer H, Jänis J, et al. (2011). Crystal structure of uronate dehydrogenase from Agrobacterium tumefaciens. J Biolog Chem, 286, 27294–300
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peterbauer C, Volc J. (2010). Pyranose dehydrogenases: biochemical features and perspectives of technological applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 85, 837–48
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petitou M, van Boeckel CAA. (2004). A synthetic antithrombin III binding pentasaccharide is now a drug! What comes next? Angew Chem Int Ed, 43, 3118–33
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pohjanlehto H, Setälä H, Kammiovirta K, Harlin A. (2011). The use of N,N′-diallylaldardiamides as cross-linkers in xylan derivatives-based hydrogels. Carbohydr Res, 346, 2736–45
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pohjanlehto H, Setälä HM, Kiely DE, McDonald AG. (2014). Lignin-xylaric acid-polyurethane-based polymer network systems: preparation and characterization. J Appl Polym Sci, 131, 39714
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Popper ZA, Michel G, Hervé C, et al. (2011). Evolution and diversity of plant cell walls: from algae to flowering plants. Ann Rev Plant Biol, 62, 567–90
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramachandran S, Fontanille P, Pandey A, Larroche C. (2006). Gluconic acid: properties, applications and microbial production. Food Technol Biotechnol, 44, 185–9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramos MLD, Caldeira MMM, Gil VMS. (1996). NMR Study of uronic acids and their complexation with molybdenum(VI) and tungsten(VI) oxoions. Carbohydr Res, 286, 1–15
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richard P, Hilditch S. (2009). D-Galacturonic acid catabolism in microorganisms and its biotechnological relevance. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 82, 597–604
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Riov J. (1975). Metabolism of uronic acids in plant tissues. Plant Phys, 55, 602–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rivertop Renewables. (2013). State of Montana Chooses Rivertop Renewables’ Headwaters™ Corrosion Inhibitor for Road Deicing Brine [Internet]. Available from: http://www.rivertop.com/news/montana-chooses-headwaters.php [last accessed 26 May 2014]
   Google Scholar
• Sauer M, Porro D, Mattanovich D, Branduardi P. (2008). Microbial production of organic acids: expanding the markets. Trends Biotechnol, 26, 100–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sigel A, Sigel H, (eds). (2004). Metal ions in biological systems: Volume 41: metal ions and their complexes in medication. Netherlands: CRC Press
   Google Scholar
• Singh O, Kumar R. (2007). Biotechnological production of gluconic acid: future implications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 75, 713–22
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith TN, Hash K, Davey C, et al. (2012). Modifications in the nitric acid oxidation of d-glucose. Carbohydr Res, 350, 6–13
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith TN. (2011). Sugar to glucaric acid: a sweet path to renewable chemicals. INFORMS, 22, 550–84
   Google Scholar
• Sohst O, Tollens B. (1888). Über krystallisirte Zuckersäure (Zuckerlactonsäure). Justus Liebigs Ann Chem, 245, 1–27
   Google Scholar
• Stephens C, Christen B, Fuchs T, et al. (2007). Genetic analysis of a novel pathway for d-xylose metabolism in Caulobacter crescentus. J Bacteriol, 189, 2181–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun L, Bulter T, Alcalde M, et al. (2002). Modification of galactose oxidase to introduce glucose 6-oxidase activity. ChemBioChem, 3, 781–3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taguchi Y, Oishi A, Iida H. (2008). One-step synthesis of dibutyl furandicarboxylates from galactaric acid. Chem Lett, 37, 50–1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Theander O. (1980). Acids and other oxidation products. In: Pigman W, Horton D, Wander JD, eds. The carbohydrates, chemistry and biochemistry. New York: Academic Press, Inc., 1013–99
   Google Scholar
• Thorne Research. (2002). Monograph: calcium-D-glucarate. Alt Med Rev, 7, 336–9
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Timoshchuk VA. (1995). Uronic acids: synthesis and reactions. Rus Chem Rev, 64, 675–703
   Google Scholar
• Toivari M, Nygård Y, Kumpula E, et al. (2012). Metabolic engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for bioconversion of d-xylose to d-xylonate. Metab Eng, 14, 427–36
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toivari M, Vehkomäki M, Nygård Y, et al. (2013). Low pH d-xylonate production with Pichia kudriavzevii. Bioresour Technol, 133, 555–62
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tomoda Y, Hanaoka A, Yasuda T, et al, inventors; Toyo Suisan Kaisha, Ltd., assignee. (2004). Method of decreasing acrylamide in food cooked under heat. US20040131737A
   Google Scholar
• van den Bos LJ, Codée JDC, Litjens REJN, et al. (2007). Uronic acids in oligosaccharide synthesis. Eur J Org Chem, 24, 3963–76
   Google Scholar
• van der Klis F, Frissen AE, van Haveren J, van Es DS. (2013). Waste not, want not: mild and selective catalytic oxidation of uronic acids. Chem Sus Chem, 6, 1640–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watanabe S, Kodaki T, Makino K. (2005). Complete reversal of coenzyme specificity of xylitol dehydrogenase and increase of thermostability by the introduction of structural zinc. J Biolog Chem, 28, 10340–9
   Google Scholar
• Watanabe S, Shimada N, Tajima K, et al. (2006). Identification and characterization of L-arabonate dehydratase, L-2-Keto-3-deoxyarabonate dehydratase, and L-arabinolactonase involved in an alternative pathway of L-arabinose metabolism. J Biolog Chem, 281, 33521–36
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watanabe S, Saimura M, Makino K. (2008). Eukaryotic and bacterial gene clusters related to an alternative pathway of nonphosphorylated L-rhamnose metabolism. J Biolog Chem, 283, 20372–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weimberg R. (1961). Pentose oxidation by Pseudomonas fragi. J Biolog Chem, 236, 629–35
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weiss C, Todd RJ, (inventors); American National Can Company, assignee. (1992). Method of Inhibiting discoloration of foodstuffs with hydrolysis mixtures of aldonic and sulfites. US5162127A
   Google Scholar
• Werpy T, Petersen G. (2004). Top value added chemicals from biomass volume i: results of screening for potential candidates from sugars and synthesis gas. Golden, CO: U.S. Department of Energy
   Google Scholar
• Westermark U, Eriksson K. (1974). Cellobiose: quinone oxidoreductase, a new wood-degrading enzyme from white-rot fungi. Acta Chem Scandinav, 28, 209–14
   Google Scholar
• Whittaker JW. (2005). The radical chemistry of galactose oxidase. Arch Biochem Biophys, 433, 227–39
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams L, Nguyen T, Li Y, et al. (2006). Uronate isomerase: a nonhydrolytic member of the amidohydrolase superfamily with an ambivalent requirement for a divalent metal ion. Biochemistry, 45, 7453–62
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolfrom ML, Toy MS, Chaney A. (1958). Condensation polymers from tetra-O-acetylgalactaroyl dichloride and diamines 1,2. J Am Chem Soc, 80, 6328–30
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wood WA. (1957). Metabolism of carbohydrates and related compounds. Ann Rev Microbiol, 11, 253–82
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu Z, Huang Y, Zhang C, et al. (2010). A simple and efficient way to synthesize optically active polyamides by solution polycondensation of di-O-methyl-L-tartaryl chloride with diamines. J Appl Polym Sci, 117, 3558–67
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yokoe M, Aoi K, Okada M. (2005). Biodegradable polymers based on renewable resources. IX. Synthesis and degradation behavior of polycarbonates based on 1,4:3,6-dianhydrohexitols and tartaric acid derivatives with pendant functional groups. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 43, 3909–1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoon S, Moon TS, Iranpour P. (2009). Cloning and characterization of uronate dehydrogenases from two pseudomonads and Agrobacterium tumefaciens Strain C58. J Bacteriol, 191, 1565–73
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu RJ, Van Scott EJ, (inventors). (2004). Topical treatment of dermatological disorders associated with reactive or dilated blood vessels. US20040220259A
   Google Scholar
• Zamocky M, Ludwig R, Peterbauer C, et al. (2006). Cellobiose dehydrogenase-a flavocytochrome from wood-degrading, phytopathogenic and saprotropic fungi. Curr Protein Peptide Sci, 7, 255–80
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zamora F, Bueno M, Molina I, et al. (2000). Stereoregular copolyamides derived from d-xylose and L-arabinose. Macromolecules, 33, 2030–8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang Z, Gibson P, Clark S, et al. (2007). Lactonization and protonation of gluconic acid: a thermodynamic and kinetic study by potentiometry, NMR and ESI-MS. J Sol Chem, 36, 1187–200
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou T, Song YC, Feng MQ, Tan RX. (2011). Cloning, expression and biochemical characterization of UDP-glucose 6-dehydrogenase, a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of an anti-tumor polysaccharide from the marine fungus Phoma herbarum YS4108. Proc Biochem, 46, 2263–8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar