CHRONOTHERAPY WITH VALSARTAN/AMLODIPINE FIXED COMBINATION: IMPROVED BLOOD PRESSURE CONTROL OF ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION WITH BEDTIME DOSING

REFERENCES

• Alici C, Aliyev F, Bellur G, Okcun B, Türkoglu C, Karpuz H. (2009). Effect of seven different modalities of antihypertensive therapy on pulse pressure in patients with newly diagnosed stage I hypertension. Cardiovasc. Ther. 27:4–9.
   Google Scholar
• Allemann Y, Fraile B, Lambert M, Barbier M, Ferber P , Izzo JL Jr. (2008). Efficacy of the combination of amlodipine and valsartan in patients with hypertension uncontrolled with previous monotherapy: the Exforge in Failure after Single Therapy (EX-FAST) study. J. Clin. Hypertens. (Greenwich) 10:185–194.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ben-Dov IZ, Kark JD, Ben-Ishay D, Mekler J, Ben-Arie L, Bursztyn M. (2007). Predictors of all-cause mortality in clinical ambulatory monitoring. Unique aspects of blood pressure during sleep. Hypertension 49:1235–1241.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benetos A, Safar M, Rudnichi A, Smulyan H, Richard JI, Ducimetiere P, Guize L. (1997). Pulse pressure: a predictor of long-term cardiovascular mortality in a French male population. Hypertension 30:1410–1415.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blacher J, Gasowski J, Staessen JA, Girerd X, This L, Liu L, Wang JG, Fagard R, Safar ME. (2000). Pulse pressure not mean pressure determines cardiovascular risk in older hypertensive patients. Arch. Intern. Med. 160:1085–1089.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blood Pressure Lowering Treatment Trialists' Collaboration. (2008). Effects of different regimens to lower blood pressure on major cardiovascular events in older and younger adults: meta-analysis of randomized trials. BMJ. 336:1121–1123.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boggia J, Li Y, Thijs L, Hansen TW, Kikuya M, Björklund-Bodegård K, Richart T, Ohkubo T, Kuznetsova T, Torp-Pedersen CH, Lind L, Ibsen H, Imai Y, Wang J, Sandoya E, O'Brien E, Staessen JA. (2007). Prognostic accuracy of day versus night ambulatory blood pressure: a cohort study. Lancet 370:1219–1229.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brachmann J, Ansari A, Mahla G, Handrock R, Klebs S. (2008). Effective and safe reduction of blood pressure with the combination of amlodipine 5 mg and valsartan 160 mg in hypertensive patients not controlled by calcium channel blocker monotherapy. Adv. Ther. 25:399–411.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brotman DJ, Davidson MB, Boumitri M, Vidt DG. (2008). Impaired diurnal blood pressure variation and all-cause mortality. Am. J. Hypertens. 21:92–97.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, Cushman WC, Green LA, Izzo JL, Jones DW, Materson BJ, Oparil S, Wright JT, Rocella EJ. (2003). Seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. Hypertension 42:1206–1252.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cushman WC, Materson BJ, Williams DW, Reda DJ. (2001). Pulse pressure changes with six classes of antihypertensive agents in a randomized, controlled trial. Hypertension 38:953–957.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dahlöf B. (2009). Management of cardiovascular risk with RAS inhibitor/CCB combination therapy. J. Hum. Hypertens. 23:77–85.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de la Sierra A, Redon J, Banegas JR, Segura J, Parati G, Gorostidi M, de la Cruz JJ, Sobrino J, Llisterri JL, Alonso J, Vinyoles E, Pallarés V, Sarría A, Aranda P, Ruilope LM, Spanish Society of Hypertension Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring Registry Investigators. (2009). Prevalence and factors associated with circadian blood pressure patterns in hypertensive patients. Hypertension 53:466–472.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dolan E, Stanton A, Thijs L, Hinedi K, Atkins N, McClory S, Den Hond E, McCormack P, Staessen JA, O'Brien E. (2005). Superiority of ambulatory over clinic blood pressure measurement in predicting mortality: the Dublin outcome study. Hypertension 46:156–161.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fagard RH, Celis H, Thijs L, Staessen JA, Clement DL, De Buyzere ML, De Bacquer DA. (2008). Daytime and nighttime blood pressure as predictors of death and cause-specific cardiovascular events in hypertension. Hypertension 51:55–61.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferri C, Croce G, Desideri G. (2008). Role of combination therapy in the treatment of hypertension: focus on valsartan plus amlodipine. Adv. Ther. 25:300–320.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flack JM, Calhoun DA, Satlin L, Barbier M, Hilkert R, Brunel P. (2009). Efficacy and safety of initial combination therapy with amlodipine/valsartan compared with amlodipine monotherapy in black patients with stage 2 hypertension: the EX-STAND study. J. Hum. Hypertens. 23:479–489.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frampton JE, Scott LJ. (2009). Amlodipine/valsartan single-pill combination: a review of its use in the management of hypertension. Am. J. Cardiovasc. Drugs 9:309–330.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giles TD. (2003). Rationale for combination therapy as initial treatment for hypertension. J. Clin. Hypertens. 5(4 suppl 3):4–11.
   Google Scholar
• Hermida RC. (2007). Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in the prediction of cardiovascular events and effects of chronotherapy: rationale and design of the MAPEC study. Chronobiol. Int. 24:749–775.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hermida RC, Calvo C, Ayala DE, Mojón A, López JE. (2002). Relationship between physical activity and blood pressure in dipper and nondipper hypertensive patients. J. Hypertens. 20:1097–1104.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hermida RC, Calvo C, Ayala DE, Domínguez MJ, Covelo M, Fernández JR, Mojón A, López JE. (2003). Administration-time-dependent effects of valsartan on ambulatory blood pressure in hypertensive subjects. Hypertension 42:283–290.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hermida RC, Calvo C, Ayala DE, Fernández JR, Covelo M, Mojón A, López JE. (2005a). Treatment of non-dipper hypertension with bedtime administration of valsartan. J. Hypertens. 23:1913–1922.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hermida RC, Calvo C, Ayala DE, Mojón A, Rodríguez M, Chayán L, López JE, Fontao MJ, Soler R, Fernández JR. (2005b). Administration time-dependent effects of valsartan on ambulatory blood pressure in elderly hypertensive subjects. Chronobiol. Int. 22:755–776.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hermida RC, Ayala DE, Calvo C, Portaluppi F, Smolensky MH. (2007a). Chronotherapy of hypertension: administration-time dependent effects of treatment on the circadian pattern of blood pressure. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 59:923–939.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hermida RC, Ayala DE, Fernández JR, Calvo C. (2007b). Comparison of the efficacy of morning versus evening administration of telmisartan in essential hypertension. Hypertension 50:715–722.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hermida RC, Ayala DE, Portaluppi F. (2007c). Circadian variation of blood pressure: the basis for the chronotherapy of hypertension. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 59:904–922.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hermida RC, Ayala DE, Chayán L, Mojón A, Fernández JR. (2009). Administration-time-dependent effects of olmesartan on the ambulatory blood pressure of essential hypertension patients. Chronobiol. Int. 26:61–79.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kikuya M, Ohkubo T, Asayama K, Metoki H, Obara T, Saito S, Hashimoto J, Totsune K, Hoshi H, Satoh H, Imai Y. (2005). Ambulatory blood pressure and 10-year risk of cardiovascular and noncardiovascular mortality. The Ohasama Study. Hypertension 45:240–245.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koopman MG, Koomen GC, Krediet RT, de Moor EA, Hoek FJ, Arisz L. (1989). Circadian rhythm of glomerular filtration rate in normal individuals. Clin. Sci. (Lond). 77:105–111.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Labrecque G, Beauchamp D. (2003). Rhythms and pharmacokinetics. In Redfern P (ed.). Chronotherapeutics. London: Pharmaceutical Press, pp. 75–110.
   Google Scholar
• Liebson PR. (2006). Calcium channel blockers in the spectrum of antihypertensive agents. Expert Opin. Pharmacother. 7:2385–2401.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mancia G, De Backer G, Dominiczak A, Cifkova R, Fagard R, Germano G, Grassi G, Heagerty AM, Kjeldsen SE, Laurent S, Narkiewicz K, Ruilope L, Rynkiewicz A, Schmieder RE, Struijker HAJ, Zanchetti A. (2007). 2007 guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension. The Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). J. Hypertens. 25:1105–1187.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mengden T, Binswanger B, Spühler T, Weisser B, Vetter W. (1993). The use of self-measured blood pressure determinations in assessing dynamics of dug compliance in a study with amlodipine once a day, morning versus evening. J. Hypertens. 11:1403–1411.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Milani RV. (2005). Reaching for aggressive blood pressure goals: role of angiotensin receptor blockade in combination therapy. Am. J. Manag. Care 11( Suppl 7):S220–S227.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nold G, Strobel G, Lemmer B. (1998). Morning vs evening amlodipine treatment: effect on circadian blood pressure profile in essential hypertensive patients. Blood Press. Monit. 3:17–25.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ohkubo T, Hozawa A, Yamaguchi J, Kikuya M, Ohmori K, Michimata M, Matsubara M, Hashimoto J, Hoshi H, Araki T, Tsuji I, Satoh H, Hisamichi S, Imai Y. (2002). Prognostic significance of the nocturnal decline in blood pressure in individuals with and without high 24-h blood pressure: the Ohasama study. J. Hypertens. 20:2183–2189.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pechère-Bertschi A, Nussberger J, Decosterd L, Armagnac C, Sissmann J, Bouroudian M, Brunner HR, Burnier M. (1998). Renal response to the angiotensin II receptor subtype 1 antagonist irbesartan versus enalapril in hypertensive patients. J. Hypertens. 16:385–393.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Philipp T, Smith TR, Glazer R, Wernsing M, Yen J, Jin J, Schneider H, Pospiech R. (2007). Two multicenter, 8-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group studies evaluating the efficacy and tolerability of amlodipine and valsartan in combination and as monotherapy in adult patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. Clin. Ther. 29:563–580.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pickering TG, Hall JE, Appel LJ, Falkner BE, Graves J, Hill MN, Jones DW, Kurtz T, Sheps SG, Roccella EJ. (2005). Recommendations for blood pressure measurement in humans and experimental animals. Part 1: Blood pressure measurement in humans. Hypertension 45:142–161.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Portaluppi F, Smolensky MH. (2000). Circadian rhythm and environmental determinants of blood pressure regulation in normal and hypertensive conditions. In White WB (ed.). Blood pressure monitoring in cardiovascular medicine and therapeutics. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, pp. 79–118.
   Google Scholar
• Portaluppi F, Touitou Y, Smolensky MH. (2008). Ethical and methodological standards for laboratory and medical biological rhythm research. Chronobiol. Int. 25:999–1016.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qiu YG, Chen JZ, Zhu JH, Yao XY. (2003). Differential effects of morning or evening dosing of amlodipine on circadian blood pressure and heart rate. Cardiovasc. Drugs Ther. 17:335–341.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schunkert H, Glazer RD, Wernsing M, Yen J, Macarie CE, Vintila MM, Romanova J. (2009). Efficacy and tolerability of amlodipine/valsartan combination therapy in hypertensive patients not adequately controlled on amlodipine monotherapy. Curr. Med. Res. Opin. 25:2655–2662.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sinkiewicz W, Glazer RD, Kavoliuniene A, Miglinas M, Prak H, Wernsing M, Yen J. (2009). Efficacy and tolerability of amlodipine/valsartan combination therapy in hypertensive patients not adequately controlled on valsartan monotherapy. Curr. Med. Res. Opin. 25:315–324.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith TR, Philipp T, Vaisse B, Bakris GL, Wernsing M, Yen J, Glazer R. (2007). Amlodipine and valsartan combined and as monotherapy in stage 2, elderly, and black hypertensive patients: subgroup analyses of 2 randomized, placebo-controlled studies. J. Clin. Hypertens. (Greenwich) 9:355–364.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Staessen J, Fagard R, Lijnen P, Thijs L, Vaa Hoof R, Amery A. (1991). Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in clinical trials. J. Hypertens. 9( Suppl 1):s13–s19.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Staessen JA, Thijs L, Fagard R, O′Brien ET, Clement D, de Leeuw PW, Mancia G, Nachev C, Palatini P, Parati G, Tuomilehto J, Webster J, for the Systolic Hypertension in Europe (Syst-Eur) trial investigators. (1999). Predicting cardiovascular risk using conventional vs ambulatory blood pressure in older patients with systolic hypertension. JAMA. 282:539–546.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takami T, Shigemasa M. (2003). Efficacy of various antihypertensive agents as evaluated by indices of vascular stiffness in elderly hypertensive patients. Hypertens. Res. 26:609–614.
   Google Scholar
• Tofé S, García B. (2009). 24-Hour and nighttime blood pressures in type 2 diabetic hypertensive patients following morning or evening administration of olmesartan. J. Clin. Hypertens. (Greenwich) 11:426–431.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Topouchian J, El Feghali R, Pannier B, Wang S, Zhao F, Smetana K, Teo K, Asmar R. (2007). Arterial stiffness and pharmacological interventions—the TRanscend arterial stiffNess Substudy (TRANS study). Vasc. Health Risk Manag. 3:381–387.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Verdecchia P, Schillaci G, Reboldi G, Franklin SS, Porcellati C. (2001). Different prognostic impact of 24-hour mean blood pressure and pulse pressure on stroke and coronary artery disease in essential hypertension. Circulation 103:2579–2584.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Witte K, Lemmer B. (2003). Rhythms and pharmacodynamics. In Redfern P (ed.). Chronotherapeutics. London: Pharmaceutical Press, pp. 111–126.
   Google Scholar